1966年聯合國教科文組織通過《關於教師地位之建議書》，肯定教師為一專門職業，並表示：「在執行其專業任務時，教師應享有學術自由。由於教師特別有資格去評估最適合學生的教學輔助方法，他們應當在如教材的選擇及修正、教科書之評選及教學方式之實際應用等方面，擔負決定性的角色。」然而戰後台灣中小學的教育內容長期由教育部掌控，統編本教科書、禁止使用參考書及測驗卷，都是許多台灣中小學生求學時的共同經驗。在種種政策的限制下，教師長期欠缺教材選擇權。
本論文從教師教材選擇權的理論出發，透過政府公報、報紙等史料的瀏覽以及相關法令的分析，嘗試呈現戰後台灣國民中小學教師教材選擇權的發展脈絡及面貌。國民中小學教師的教材選擇，包括教科書選擇與補助教材選擇。在教科書選擇方面，深受教科書制度影響，而影響戰後台灣教科書政策的主要因素有蔣中正的強人意志、升學主義和解嚴後對教育開放多元的訴求。而在補助教材的選擇上，同樣受到政府的限制。其中參考書和測驗卷的使用，教育部更始終採取禁止的態度。 / In 1966, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) adopted “Recommendation Concerning the Status of Teachers” agreed that teaching should be regarded as a profession and said, “The teaching profession should enjoy academic freedom in the discharge of professional duties. Since teachers are particularly qualified to judge the teaching aids and methods most suitable for their pupils, they should be given the essential role in the choice and the adaptation of teaching material, the selection of textbooks and the application of teaching methods.”
This thesis starts from theoretical studies, through analyzes in government published gazette, newspaper, and related law and ordinance, and then attempts to present the development of teacher’s option in teaching materials of Elementary School and Junior High School after the Second World War in Taiwan. The teaching materials include textbooks, reference books, and supplementary materials. The educational policy and school system effect deeply to the selection in textbooks. The Chiang Kai-Shek’s determination, the Obsession, and demands of open and diversification of education after martial law lifted are all the major causes to define the textbook policy in Taiwan after WWII. In the selection of supplementary materials, it is also under government’s restriction. The usage of reference books and test paper are complete prohibited by Ministry of Education in Taiwan.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0096158018 |
| Creators | 李璟芳, Lee, Ching Fang |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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