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Previous issue date: 2018 / The consumption of chicken meat as a source of animal protein is increasing. Largescale confinement systems are responsible for meeting this demand. As a result, the
consumption of inputs and the environmental changes that these systems provide intensify. The production chain of Brazilian broiler chicken is characterized by a system of integration
between producer and the agroindustry, and both are inserted in a globalized market, where the imported inputs and export much of the production is exported to foreign markets. To evaluate the economic and environmental performance of production systems responsible for representing this food supply, an eco-efficiency assessment was made. The eco-efficiency assessment addressed two methods for quantifying environmental impacts and valuation of product systems, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Economic Value Added (EVA). The approach comprised the stages of agricultural production, breeding and fattening of chickens.
Four products in three different systems were evaluated, Griller, Broiler and heavy broiler
chickens produced in Negative pressure automated dark house aviaries, and the same chickens produced in Conventional positive pressure aviaries. Also, for comparison an alternative system of positive pressure was used to represent the production of organic chickens that serves a niche market but receives attention for studies in other countries. The Functional Unit (UF) was 1 kg of live chicken ready to be shipped to the slaughterhouse, and the method for Life Cycle Impact Assessment (AICV) was done with CML 2. The results showed that most of the impacts comes from the agricultural stage of grain production for the rations, and from the use of electric power to feed the equipment of the barracks. Conventional systems presented negative results for the generation of economic value and environmental impacts like the Dark House systems.
Chickens produced in organic systems positively outperformed the other products in terms of economic valuation but had results of potential environmental impact much higher. It was
possible to conclude that for conventional systems special attention needs to be paid regarding the return on investment, especially in relation to rates for capital remuneration, to provide new ventures that, in addition to smaller environmental impacts, can also generate greater economic profit. / O consumo da carne de frango como fonte de proteína animal é crescente em todo
mundo. Os sistemas de produção de confinamento em larga escala são responsáveis por atender
essa demanda. Em função disso o consumo de insumos e as trocas ambientais que estes sistemas
proporcionam se intensificam. A cadeia produtiva do frango de corte no Brasil é caracterizada
em sua maioria por sistemas de integração entre produtores e agroindústrias, e estão inseridos
em um mercado globalizado onde importam insumos e exportam boa parte da produção para
mercados externos. Para avaliar o desempenho econômico e ambiental dos sistemas de
produção responsáveis por representar essa oferta de alimentos, uma avaliação de ecoeficiência
foi feita. A avaliação de ecoeficiência abordou dois métodos para quantificar os impactos
ambientais e a valoração dos sistemas de produto, a Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV) e o
Valor Econômico Agregado (EVA). A abordagem foi do berço ao portão dos aviários,
compreendendo as etapas de produção agrícola, fábrica de ração e engorda dos frangos. Quatro
produtos em três sistemas diferentes foram avaliados, os frangos Griller, Broiler e pesados
produzidos em aviários automatizados de pressão negativa Dark House, e os mesmos frangos
produzidos em aviários de pressão positiva convencionais. Ainda para comparação, um sistema
alternativo de pressão positiva foi utilizado representando a produção de frangos orgânicos que
atende um determinado nicho de mercado e recebe atenção para estudos similares em outros
países. A Unidade Funcional (UF) usada é de 1 kg de frango vivo pronto para embarcar para o
abatedouro, e a Análise de Impacto do Ciclo de Vida (AICV) foi feita com o método CML 2
baseline. Os resultados mostraram que a maior parte dos impactos vem da etapa agrícola da
produção de grãos usados na fabricação das rações, e por seguinte do uso de energia elétrica
para alimentar os equipamentos dos aviários. Os sistemas convencionais apresentaram
resultados negativos para geração de valor econômico e impactos ambientais similares aos
sistemas Dark House. Os frangos produzidos em sistemas orgânicos superaram positivamente
os demais produtos quanto a valoração econômica, mas tiveram resultados de potencial impacto
ambiental muito acima em todas as categorias de impacto analisadas. Foi possível concluir que
para sistemas convencionais uma atenção especial precisa ser dada quanto ao retorno dos
investimentos, principalmente com relação as taxas para remuneração do capital, de forma a
proporcionar a novos empreendimentos que além de impactos ambientais menores também
possam gerar maior lucro econômico.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:deposita.ibict.br:deposita/36 |
| Date | January 2018 |
| Creators | Decian, Michel |
| Contributors | http://lattes.cnpq.br/0413070608488067, Ruviaro, Clandio, Garcia, Rodrigo |
| Publisher | UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA GRANDE DOURADOS, Programa de pós graduação em agronegócios, Brasil, Faculdade de Administração Ciências Econômicas e Contábeis |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | Portuguese |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Comum do Brasil - Deposita, instname:Instituto Brasileiro de Informação Ciência e Tecnologia, instacron:IBICT |
| Rights | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/, info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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