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Previous issue date: 2006-10-23 / Este estudo foi conduzido para se avaliar a prevalência e a distribuição das espécies de Candida spp., isoladas de diversos materiais biológicos, obtidos de pacientes
internados no Hospital Universitário Cassiano Antonio de Moraes (HUCAM), Vitória-ES, durante o período de janeiro de 2003 a dezembro 2005, e descrever o perfil de suscetibilidade de Candida não-albicans a drogas antifúngicas. A dentificação da espécie Candida albicans foi realizada no meio cromogênico CHROMagar-Candida® e confirmada pela indução positiva de tubo germinativo e/ou clamidoconídeo. A identificação das espécies não-albicans foi realizada pelos seus padrões
morfológicos e bioquímicos e pelo sistema comercial API 20 C AUX. O perfil de suscetibilidade às drogas antifúngicas anfotericina B, itraconazol e fluconazol foi estabelecido pelo método de referência, microdiluição em caldo, de acordo com o
documento M27-A2 do CLSI, 2002. Estudo comparativo foi realizado, empregandose o método Etest® para as cepas de Candida tropicalis, sendo incluída nesta etapa, a droga voriconazol. Os resultados mostraram 268 isolados de Candida spp., no geral, um predomínio de Candida não-albicans (54%), incluindo C. tropicalis (26%), C. parapsilosis (14%), C. glabrata (10%), C. Krusei (2%), C. guilliermondii (1.5%) e
C. lusitaniae (0.5%). Ocorreu uma marcante transição na prevalência de Candida não-albicans, durante os três anos de estudo, oscilando na freqüência de 39% dos isolamentos em 2003 para 74% em 2005. As espécies não-albicans foram mais
isoladas de urina (47%), seguido de sangue (39%) e cateter (8%). As maiores ocorrências foram na Unidade de Tratamento Intensivo Geral e Clínica Médica, com 23% em cada setor. A resistência para as espécies não-albicans ao fluconazol foi de 4% e, de suscetível dose-dependente (SDD) ao fluconazol e ao itraconazol foi de 2% e 3%, respectivamente (metodologia CSLI). Com esta metodologia, 98% das cepas de C. tropicalis foram sensíveis ao fluconazol e ao itraconazol, mas 2% foram SDD para estas drogas. Com o método Etest®, 2% dessas cepas foram resistentes (R) a
ambas as drogas e 19% foram SDD ao itraconazol. Nenhum isolado de Candida não-albicans foi resistente a anfotericina B ou ao voriconazol. Todos os isolados de Candida albicans foram sensíveis às três drogas analisadas. Em conclusão: a)
Houve uma marcante tendência para o isolamento de C. não-albicans no HUCAM, com predomínio de C. tropicalis. b) Observou-se, reduzida suscetibilidade ao fluconazol e ao itraconazol apenas para as espécies C. tropicalis, C. krusei e C. glabrata. c) O método Etest®, usando o meio de ágar Casitone, apresentou ótima concordância com o método de referência para as drogas anfotericina B (100%) e
fluconazol (96%), no entanto, para o itraconazol, essa concordância foi de 62%. / This study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence and distribution of the species of Candida spp. Isolated from several biological materials obtained from patients
interned at the Hospital Universitário Cassiano Antonio de Moraes (HUCAM), Vitória-ES, during the period of January 2003 to December 2005, and to describe the profile of susceptibility of Candida non-albicans to antifungal drugs. The identification of the species of Candida albicans was made into the chromogenic medium CHROMagar-Candida® and confirmed through the positive induction of a germinative tube and/or clamidoconídeo. The identification of the species nonalbicans was made through of morphologic and biochemical patterns and through the commercial system API 20 C AUX. The profile of susceptibility to the antifungal drugs amphotencin B itraconazole and fluconazole was established by the reference method, broth microdilution, according to the document M27-A2 from CLSI, 2002. A comparative study was conducted, using the method Etest® for the strains of
Candida tropicalis being included at this stage, the drug voriconazole. The results showed that 268 isolates of Candida spp. were obtained during the period of the study and, in general, a predominance was observed in the isolation of Candida nonalbicans (54%) at HUCAM, including C. tropicalis (26%), C. parapsilosis (14%), C. glabrata (10%), C. krusei (2%), C. guilliermondii (1.5%) and C. lusitaniae (0.5%).
There was a relevant transition in the prevalence of Candida non-albicans during the three years of study, oscillating in the frequency from 39% of the isolations in 2003 to 74% in 2005. The non-albicans species were more isolated from urine (47%),
followed by blood (39%) and catheter (8%). The biggest occurrences were noticed in patients interned at the General Intensive Care Unit and Medical Clinic with a rate of
23% in each one. The resistance rate noticed for the non-albicans species to fluconazol was of 4% and, of susceptible dose-dependent (SDD) to fluconazole and to itraconazole was of 2% and 3% respectively (methodology CSLI). With the use of this methodology, it was observed that 98% of the strains of C.tropicalis were sensitive to fluconazole and to itraconazole, but 2% were SDD to these drugs. When
the method Etest® was used, 2% of these samples were resistant to both drugs and 19% were SDD to itraconazole. No isolated of Candida non-albicans was resistant to
amphotericin B or to voriconazole. All the isolates of Candida albicans were sensitive to the three drugs analyzed. With this study it was concluded that there was a striking tendency to the isolation of C. non-albicans, with the predominance of C. tropicalis. Reduced susceptibility to fluconazole and itraconazole was also noticed only in the species C. tropicalis, C. krusei and C. glabrata, reinforcing the concern about a high number of isolations of these species non-albicans at HUCAM. The Etest® method using the medium of agar Casitone, showed an excellent concordance with the reference method to the drugs amphotericin B (100%) and fluconazole (96%). However, for the itraconazole this agreement was of 62%.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:dspace2.ufes.br:10/5892 |
| Date | 23 October 2006 |
| Creators | Klein, Nazareth Magnago |
| Contributors | Ribeiro, Marcele Araújo, Pereira, Fausto Edmundo Lima |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas, UFES, BR, Mestrado em Doenças Infecciosas |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | text |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFES, instname:Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, instacron:UFES |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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