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Previous issue date: 2016-02-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This study addressed the segmentation of the song of humpback whales based on the
definition of the subunits. The humpback whale voalizations were identified and
characterized in order to structurate the first data bank of sounds of marine mammals of
the Southwestern Atlantic. It was noted the importance of these subunits because they
have a degree of small variation, assisting in the identification of the species for the
Autonomic Passive Acoustic Monitoring System (MAPA). Records of vocalizations of
whales were conducted by the Humpback Whale Institute team (IBJ), between 2006 and
2013, in the region of Abrolhos, Bahia State, Brazil. They held seven readings of the
subunits through the Raven 1.4 software, by evaluating: (1) High frequency (Hz); (2)
Average power (dB); (3) Energy (dB); (4) Center frequency (Hz); (5) Maximum
frequency (Hz); (6) Delta Time (s); and (7) Delta frequency (Hz). There were calculated
the average, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values. Multivariate analysis
of variance with post-hoc test values were performed where p>0.05 did not represent a
significant change in the years. In the years 2006, 2007, 2009 and 2011 there was
satisfactory quality to perform the analyzes, which corresponded to 14% of total
recordings in 4:06:54 hours. The records analyzed were purchased in the months of
highest occurrence of humpback. 862 subunits were identified and analyzed. The
identified subunits were A, B and C. The subunit A: n= 156(18%), previously found in
a feeding area in the northeast of Iceland (2011), Alaska (2012) and in the region of
Abrolhos in all years studied. The B subunit: n= 205(24%), occurring in feeding areas
of Iceland (2000) and Alaska (2012) and the breeding area in Hawaii (1991). In
Abrolhos region they were recorded in all years studied. The C subunit: 501(51%) was
previously recorded in the breeding areas of Madagascar (2009), Hawaii (1989 and
1991), Mexico (2006), Australia (2009) and New Caledonia (2010) and in the feeding
area Antarctica (2010). Some subunits showed no significant differences in some of the
studied years. The subunits are preserved over the years especially in following
parameters: high frequency, center frequency, maximum frequency, delta time and the
delta frequency. The parameter delta time has also shown more uniform average and
standard deviation, indicating that this should be used as a differentiating character in
the analysis of humpback sound emissions. The C subunit had a wide geographic
distribution, mainly in the Southern Hemisphere. Comparison of subunits found in the
literature shows that they are suitable bioacustic markers for humpback in the usage of
MAPA methodology. The data obtained in this study will be used to start the first sound
database for marine mammals in the South Atlantic, called SONOTECA, in partnership
with the SISMMAM (Marine Mammals Sound and Monitoring Integrated
System)/IBAMA. / Neste estudo foi abordada a segmenta??o da can??o de baleias jubarte com base na
defini??o das subunidades. As emiss?es sonoras das jubarte foram identificadas e
caracterizadas de modo a estruturar o primeiro banco de dados de sons de mam?feros
marinhos do Atl?ntico Sul Ocidental. Constatou-se a import?ncia dessas subunidades
por apresentarem um grau de varia??o pequeno, ajudando na identifica??o da esp?cie
em sistemas de Monitoramento Ac?stico Passivo Aut?nomo (MAPA). Os registros das
vocaliza??es das baleias foram realizados pela equipe do Instituto Baleia Jubarte (IBJ)
de 2006 a 2013, na regi?o de Abrolhos, Bahia, Brasil. Foram realizadas sete leituras das
subunidades atrav?s do software Raven 1.4, avaliando-se: (1) Alta da frequ?ncia (Hz);
(2) M?dia da pot?ncia (dB); (3) Energia (dB); (4) Frequ?ncia central (Hz); (5)
Frequ?ncia m?xima (Hz); (6) Delta do tempo (s); e (7) Delta da frequ?ncia (Hz). Foram
calculados a m?dia, o desvio padr?o, o valor m?nimo, e o valor m?ximo. Realizadas
an?lises multivariadas das vari?ncias com o valores do teste Post Hoc onde p>0,05 n?o
representa varia??o significativa ao ano. Nos anos de 2006, 2007, 2009 e 2011 houve
qualidade satisfat?ria para realizar as an?lises, o que correspondeu a 14% do total das
grava??es, com 4:06:54h de grava??es. Os registros analisados foram adquiridos nos
meses de maior ocorr?ncia de jubarte. 862 subunidades foram identificadas e analisadas.
As subunidades identificadas foram A, B e C. A subunidade A (n = 156; 18%),
anteriormente encontrada em uma ?rea de alimenta??o no nordeste da Isl?ndia (2011),
no Alasca (2012) e na regi?o de Abrolhos, em todos anos estudados. A subunidade B (n
= 205; 24%), com ocorr?ncia em ?reas de alimenta??o da Isl?ndia (2000) e no Alasca
(2012) e na ?rea de reprodu??o no Hava? (1991) e na regi?o de Abrolhos foram
registradas em todos anos pesquisados. A subunidade C (n = 501; 51%) foi
anteriormente registrada nas ?reas de reprodu??o de Madagascar (2009), Hava? (1989 e
1991), M?xico (2006), Austr?lia (2009) e Nova Caled?nia (2010) e na ?rea de
alimenta??o da Ant?rtica (2010). Algumas subunidades n?o apresentaram diferen?as
significativas em alguns anos estudados. As subunidades s?o preservadas ao longo dos
anos principalmente nos par?metros alta frequ?ncia, frequ?ncia central, frequ?ncia
m?xima, delta de tempo e delta da frequ?ncia. O par?metro delta do tempo demostrou
tamb?m a sua m?dia e desvio padr?o mais uniforme, indicando que este deve ser usado
como car?ter diferenciador nas an?lises de emiss?es sonoras de jubarte. A subunidade C
apresentou uma grande distribui??o geogr?fica principalmente no Hemisf?rio Sul. A
compara??o das subunidades encontradas com as registrads na literatura demostra que
elas s?o adequados marcadores bioac?sticos para a jubarte no uso de metodologia do
MAPA. Os dados obtidos no presente estudo ser?o usados para iniciar o primeiro banco
de dados de sons para mam?feros aqu?ticos no Atl?ntico Sul, denominado SONOTECA,
em parceria com o SISISMMAM (Sistema Integrado de Som e Monitoramento de
Mam?feros Marinhos) /IBAMA.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:localhost:jspui/1298 |
| Date | 24 February 2016 |
| Creators | Moreira, Sergio Carvalho |
| Contributors | Sim?o, Sheila Marino, Oliveira, Rodrigo Hip?lito Tardin, Silva, H?lio Ricardo da, Guedes, Patr?cia Gon?alves |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Biologia Animal, UFRRJ, Brasil, Instituto de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ, instname:Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, instacron:UFRRJ |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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