Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-17T15:10:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Sergio Carvalho Moreira.pdf: 18299878 bytes, checksum: 0755537fc7d05720dfc365f593b70620 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-17T15:10:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Sergio Carvalho Moreira.pdf: 18299878 bytes, checksum: 0755537fc7d05720dfc365f593b70620 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This study addressed the segmentation of the song of humpback whales based on the definition of the subunits. The humpback whale voalizations were identified and characterized in order to structurate the first data bank of sounds of marine mammals of the Southwestern Atlantic. It was noted the importance of these subunits because they have a degree of small variation, assisting in the identification of the species for the Autonomic Passive Acoustic Monitoring System (MAPA). Records of vocalizations of whales were conducted by the Humpback Whale Institute team (IBJ), between 2006 and 2013, in the region of Abrolhos, Bahia State, Brazil. They held seven readings of the subunits through the Raven 1.4 software, by evaluating: (1) High frequency (Hz); (2) Average power (dB); (3) Energy (dB); (4) Center frequency (Hz); (5) Maximum frequency (Hz); (6) Delta Time (s); and (7) Delta frequency (Hz). There were calculated the average, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values. Multivariate analysis of variance with post-hoc test values were performed where p>0.05 did not represent a significant change in the years. In the years 2006, 2007, 2009 and 2011 there was satisfactory quality to perform the analyzes, which corresponded to 14% of total recordings in 4:06:54 hours. The records analyzed were purchased in the months of highest occurrence of humpback. 862 subunits were identified and analyzed. The identified subunits were A, B and C. The subunit A: n= 156(18%), previously found in a feeding area in the northeast of Iceland (2011), Alaska (2012) and in the region of Abrolhos in all years studied. The B subunit: n= 205(24%), occurring in feeding areas of Iceland (2000) and Alaska (2012) and the breeding area in Hawaii (1991). In Abrolhos region they were recorded in all years studied. The C subunit: 501(51%) was previously recorded in the breeding areas of Madagascar (2009), Hawaii (1989 and 1991), Mexico (2006), Australia (2009) and New Caledonia (2010) and in the feeding area Antarctica (2010). Some subunits showed no significant differences in some of the studied years. The subunits are preserved over the years especially in following parameters: high frequency, center frequency, maximum frequency, delta time and the delta frequency. The parameter delta time has also shown more uniform average and standard deviation, indicating that this should be used as a differentiating character in the analysis of humpback sound emissions. The C subunit had a wide geographic distribution, mainly in the Southern Hemisphere. Comparison of subunits found in the literature shows that they are suitable bioacustic markers for humpback in the usage of MAPA methodology. The data obtained in this study will be used to start the first sound database for marine mammals in the South Atlantic, called SONOTECA, in partnership with the SISMMAM (Marine Mammals Sound and Monitoring Integrated System)/IBAMA. / Neste estudo foi abordada a segmenta??o da can??o de baleias jubarte com base na defini??o das subunidades. As emiss?es sonoras das jubarte foram identificadas e caracterizadas de modo a estruturar o primeiro banco de dados de sons de mam?feros marinhos do Atl?ntico Sul Ocidental. Constatou-se a import?ncia dessas subunidades por apresentarem um grau de varia??o pequeno, ajudando na identifica??o da esp?cie em sistemas de Monitoramento Ac?stico Passivo Aut?nomo (MAPA). Os registros das vocaliza??es das baleias foram realizados pela equipe do Instituto Baleia Jubarte (IBJ) de 2006 a 2013, na regi?o de Abrolhos, Bahia, Brasil. Foram realizadas sete leituras das subunidades atrav?s do software Raven 1.4, avaliando-se: (1) Alta da frequ?ncia (Hz); (2) M?dia da pot?ncia (dB); (3) Energia (dB); (4) Frequ?ncia central (Hz); (5) Frequ?ncia m?xima (Hz); (6) Delta do tempo (s); e (7) Delta da frequ?ncia (Hz). Foram calculados a m?dia, o desvio padr?o, o valor m?nimo, e o valor m?ximo. Realizadas an?lises multivariadas das vari?ncias com o valores do teste Post Hoc onde p>0,05 n?o representa varia??o significativa ao ano. Nos anos de 2006, 2007, 2009 e 2011 houve qualidade satisfat?ria para realizar as an?lises, o que correspondeu a 14% do total das grava??es, com 4:06:54h de grava??es. Os registros analisados foram adquiridos nos meses de maior ocorr?ncia de jubarte. 862 subunidades foram identificadas e analisadas. As subunidades identificadas foram A, B e C. A subunidade A (n = 156; 18%), anteriormente encontrada em uma ?rea de alimenta??o no nordeste da Isl?ndia (2011), no Alasca (2012) e na regi?o de Abrolhos, em todos anos estudados. A subunidade B (n = 205; 24%), com ocorr?ncia em ?reas de alimenta??o da Isl?ndia (2000) e no Alasca (2012) e na ?rea de reprodu??o no Hava? (1991) e na regi?o de Abrolhos foram registradas em todos anos pesquisados. A subunidade C (n = 501; 51%) foi anteriormente registrada nas ?reas de reprodu??o de Madagascar (2009), Hava? (1989 e 1991), M?xico (2006), Austr?lia (2009) e Nova Caled?nia (2010) e na ?rea de alimenta??o da Ant?rtica (2010). Algumas subunidades n?o apresentaram diferen?as significativas em alguns anos estudados. As subunidades s?o preservadas ao longo dos anos principalmente nos par?metros alta frequ?ncia, frequ?ncia central, frequ?ncia m?xima, delta de tempo e delta da frequ?ncia. O par?metro delta do tempo demostrou tamb?m a sua m?dia e desvio padr?o mais uniforme, indicando que este deve ser usado como car?ter diferenciador nas an?lises de emiss?es sonoras de jubarte. A subunidade C apresentou uma grande distribui??o geogr?fica principalmente no Hemisf?rio Sul. A compara??o das subunidades encontradas com as registrads na literatura demostra que elas s?o adequados marcadores bioac?sticos para a jubarte no uso de metodologia do MAPA. Os dados obtidos no presente estudo ser?o usados para iniciar o primeiro banco de dados de sons para mam?feros aqu?ticos no Atl?ntico Sul, denominado SONOTECA, em parceria com o SISISMMAM (Sistema Integrado de Som e Monitoramento de Mam?feros Marinhos) /IBAMA.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-03-10T00:17:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TonnyMarquesDeOliveiraJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 2418125 bytes, checksum: 7634f34f0311d1ea88345391ea4082e9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-16T22:28:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TonnyMarquesDeOliveiraJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 2418125 bytes, checksum: 7634f34f0311d1ea88345391ea4082e9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-16T22:28:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TonnyMarquesDeOliveiraJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 2418125 bytes, checksum: 7634f34f0311d1ea88345391ea4082e9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-24 / O estudo das aves configura uma importante ferramenta para o conhecimento dos processos envolvidos de padr?es comportamentais e morfol?gicos. A esp?cie aqui estudada pertence ? fam?lia Thamnophilidae, a terceira maior fam?lia restrita a regi?o Neotropical. S?o conhecidos popularmente como papa-formigas e compreendem 209 esp?cies. Grande parcela das esp?cies apresenta comportamento cr?ptico, tornando a comunica??o ac?stica importante ferramenta para manuten??o de contato das aves. Herpsilochmus pectoralis Sclater 1857, possui dimorfismo sexual evidente, mede entre 10 e 12 cm, ? encontrada em fragmentos florestais do Nordeste e ? categorizada como vulner?vel a processo de extin??o. Este estudo foi realizado em tr?s fragmentos de restinga no litoral leste do estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Atrav?s de grava??es entre 2006 e 2012 foi poss?vel descrever e caracterizar o canto de H. pectoralis. O canto do macho tem mais notas e maior dura??o do que o da f?mea (16% de dimorfismo). N?o encontramos diferen?a na frequ?ncia dominante entre os sexos. Descrevemos quatro tipos de chamadas para o repert?rio da esp?cie. Por meio de capturas com redes ornitol?gicas entre 2009 e 2012 foi poss?vel descrever e comparar a morfologia de H. pectoralis. A esp?cie apresentou menores valores de massa no per?odo de seca. Os jovens apresentaram similaridades morfom?tricas com rela??o aos adultos. A esp?cie n?o possui dimorfismo acentuado em suas caracter?sticas morfom?tricas. Os jovens que voam possuem caracter?sticas morfom?tricas de adultos mesmo n?o apresentando plumagem caracter?stica de adulto. O padr?o de muda na esp?cie ? caracter?stico de aves tropicais, mas possui per?odo reprodutivo curto, caracter?stico de esp?cies temperadas. A esp?cie mesmo estando em regi?o tropical sofre com o regime sazonal de chuvas, que influencia em sua fenologia reprodutiva e no ciclo de muda (r?mige e retriz). Dessa forma, a presente disserta??o traz informa??es sobre a biologia de H. pectoralis para subsidiar o entendimento da rela??o dessa esp?cie com o ambiente e conhecer as varia??es de aspectos morfol?gicos e vocais, visando entender padr?es e caracter?sticas gerais dos Thamnophilidae. / The study of birds represents an important tool for the understanding of the processes involved in behavioral and morphological patterns. The species we have studied belongs to Thamnophilidae family, the third largest family restricted to the Neotropic ecozone. They are popularly known as antbirds and comprise 209 species. A large portion of the species has cryptic behavior, making the acoustic communication an important tool for maintaining contact among birds. Herpsilochmus pectoralis Sclater 1857 has evident sexual dimorphism, measured between 10 and 12 cm height and it is found in forest fragments in the Northeast and it is also categorized as vulnerable to extinction process. This study was conducted in three sandbank fragments on the east coast of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. With the help of tape recordings between 2006 and 2012 it was possible to describe and characterize the sing of H. pectoralis. The sing from male birds has more and longer length than the female sing (16% of dimorphism). No differences were found in the dominant frequency between the sexes. We describe four types of calls from this species repertoire. Through capturing with ornithological nets between 2009 and 2012 it was possible to describe and compare the morphology of H. pectoralis. The species have shown lower corporal mass in the dry season. The young birds showed morphometric similarities in comparison to adults. The species has no accentuated dimorphism in their morphometric characteristics. The young ones with flying capabilities have morphometric characteristics of adults, even though they do not show a characteristic adult plumage. The moult pattern in the species is a characteristic of tropical birds, but it shows short reproductive period, typical of temperate species. Even being in the tropical region, the species suffers with seasonal rainfall, which influences their reproductive phenology and moult (remex and rectrix) cycle. Thus, this dissertation provides information on the biology of H. pectoralis to support the understanding of the relationship of this species to the environment and also to know the variations of morphology and vocal aspects, in order to understand patterns and general characteristics of Thamnophilidae.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-01-24T12:07:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JenifferDaCamaraMedeiros_TESE.pdf: 3633645 bytes, checksum: a5a7340d511470618d8ae90c13280f87 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-01-25T14:54:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JenifferDaCamaraMedeiros_TESE.pdf: 3633645 bytes, checksum: a5a7340d511470618d8ae90c13280f87 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-25T14:54:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JenifferDaCamaraMedeiros_TESE.pdf: 3633645 bytes, checksum: a5a7340d511470618d8ae90c13280f87 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Sinais ac?sticos e vibrat?rios s?o utilizados por v?rias esp?cies de formigas em intera??es intra e interespec?ficas, apesar de serem pouco estudados. Entre as modalidades de produ??o de sinais vibroac?sticos est?o a estridula??o e a percuss?o. Estes sinais podem transmitir mensagens de alarme, distresse, recrutamento, ataque, ativa??o da col?nia, pistas para o provisionamento de larvas, avalia??o de recursos alimentares e n?o receptividade das f?meas. Tendo isso em vista, este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a utiliza??o de sinais ac?sticos na esp?cie Neoponera villosa (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Ponerinae), caracterizando a estridula??o de oper?rias, gynes e machos, analisando a resposta de col?nias de N. villosa diante da estridula??o de coespec?ficos e avaliando a resposta ac?stica das col?nias ? perturba??o do ninho. Os resultados mostraram que os sinais estridulat?rios de oper?rias de N. villosa s?o compostos majoritariamente por sequ?ncias monossib?licas de chilros, sendo um chilro composto por uma ?nica sequ?ncia de pulsos. Entretanto, a maior parte dos chilros das castas reprodutivas apresentaram uma sequ?ncia de pulsos de baixa amplitude antecedendo a sequ?ncia de pulsos principal, sendo, dessa forma, constitu?dos por duas sub-unidades e caracterizando-se como chilros dissil?bicos. Os sinais estridulat?rios apresentaram ainda diferen?as significativas entre as castas quanto ao intervalo entre chilros, n?mero de pulsos por chilro, intervalo entre pulsos e taxa de emiss?o de pulsos. Diferen?as entre col?nias foram encontradas na estridula??o de gynes e machos. As col?nias de N. villosa n?o responderam aos sinais estridulat?rios de oper?rias, com mudan?a do padr?o comportamental em resposta apenas ? presen?a de companheiras de ninho e de n?o companheiras, mas sem diferen?a de resposta entre os testes com presen?a e aus?ncia de estridula??o. No contexto de perturba??o do ninho, as col?nias de N. villosa n?o responderam com emiss?o de sinais estridulat?rios, mas sim com emiss?o de sinais ac?sticos produzidos atrav?s de percuss?o. / Acoustic and vibratory signals are used by several ant species in intraspecific and interspecific interactions, although studies concerning these signal modalities are scarce. Stridulation and drumming are among the main ways of producing vibroacoustic signals. These signals can transmit messages relative to alarm, distress, recruitment, attack, colony activation, clues for provisioning of larvae, evaluation of food resources and non-receptivity of females. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of acoustic signals in Neoponera villosa (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Ponerinae). In order to achieve our aim, we characterized workers, gynes and males stridulation; we analyzed N. villosa colonies? response to workers? stridulation and evaluated the acoustic response of N. villosa colonies to nest disturbance. The results showed that stridulatory signals of N. villosa workers are composed mainly of monosyllabic chirp trains, with chirps composed of a single sequence of pulses. Nevertheless, the majority of the chirps produced by the reproductive castes presented a low amplitude pulse sequence preceding the main high amplitude sequence of pulses. These chirps were composed of two subunits and, thus, were identified as disyllabic chirps. The stridulatory signals presented significant differences among the N. villosa castes regarding the inter-chirp interval, the number of pulses per chirp, the inter-pulse interval and the pulse repetition rate. In addition, gynes? and males? stridulation presented significant differences according to their colonies. N. villosa colonies did not respond to the emission of workers? stridulatory signals. Behavioral pattern changes occured only in response to nestmate or non nestmate presence, without any response difference between tests with stridulanting workers and mute workers. In nest disturbance context, N. villosa colonies did not respond with stridulatory signal emission, but with the emission of acoustic signals produced by drumming.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-02-07T20:27:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Andrea Cec?lia Sicotti Maas.pdf: 2297895 bytes, checksum: 356a05153807fe7b25a4fd3042b79964 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-07T20:27:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Andrea Cec?lia Sicotti Maas.pdf: 2297895 bytes, checksum: 356a05153807fe7b25a4fd3042b79964 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-16 / CNPq / Studies envolving bioacustic have strongly collaborated for understanding phylogenetics, ontogenetics, environmental and behavioural processes. Vocal communication is important for the bats for navigation and food attainment, nevertheless represents a key aspect for social interactions. Several studies have demonstrated characteristics of echolocation vocalizations and other types of audio signals. However, few studies have been described with respect to of distress calls. Among these studies have described the vocalizations of distress calls as being of animals in situations of extreme danger, such as when the animal is caught by a predator or even when it is contained by a researcher. Some authors have offered hypotheses to explain a general convergence in the structure of vocalizations produced by birds and mammals in similar behavioral contexts. However, there are few studies have been done on the distress calls in bats. The present general study's objective is to produce and analyze a database for bioacoustics in the context distress vocalizations emitted by bats, analyze and describe the acoustic properties of distress vocalizations in bats of the subfamily Stenodermatinae. Data collection investigations have been carried out in five different locations within the southeast region of Brazil. For this study, were recorded vocalizations of bats in subfamily Stenodermatinae: Artibeus cinereus, Artibeus fimbriatus, A. planirostris, A. obscurus, A. lituratus, Platyrrhinus lineatus, P. recifinus and Vampyressa pusilla. The vocalizations were analyzed using the analysis system Raven v1.3. For analysis, we selected 30 calls of each individual. The following parameters were measured: Types of signs, bands tonal, duration of the signal, and interval of Pre-pulse, interval of post-pulse, minimum frequency, maximum frequency, initial frequency, maximum frequency and peak frequency. For a description of the acoustic parameters were averaged, standard deviation and coefficient of variation values of each of the measured parameters of vocalizations for each species. Through the analysis, we identify two basic types of notes for this noise present in the calls of distress among the species. The results presented here showed that the acoustic parameters corroborate other work in this same context, ie: distress vocalizations of the bat species studied may be the motivation of aggression, as the code calling the motivational structure, characterized in general for they present low frequency, in wide bands and loaded of noises. / As pesquisas com bioac?stica t?m colaborado na compreens?o de processos filogen?ticos, ontogen?ticos, ecol?gicos e comportamentais. Para os morcegos, a comunica??o vocal ? importante para navega??o e obten??o de alimentos, al?m de ser um aspecto chave nas intera??es sociais. V?rios estudos t?m demonstrado caracter?sticas de vocaliza??es de ecolocaliza??o e outros tipos de sinais aud?veis. Por?m, poucos estudos t?m sido descritos com rela??o ?s chamadas de distress. Dentre esses estudos t?m-se descrito as vocaliza??es de distress como sendo chamadas de animais em situa??es de extremo perigo, tais como quando esse animal ? capturado por um predador ou mesmo quando ? contido por um pesquisador. Alguns autores t?m apresentado hip?teses para explicar uma converg?ncia geral na estrutura das vocaliza??es produzidas por p?ssaros e mam?feros em contextos comportamentais similares. H?, entretanto, poucos estudos sendo desenvolvidos sobre as chamadas de distress em morcegos. O presente estudo tem como objetivo geral ? elabora??o e an?lise de um banco de dados bioac?sticos para vocaliza??es no contexto distress, emitidas por morcegos filostom?deos, analisar e descrever as propriedades ac?sticas das vocaliza??es de distress em morcegos da subfam?lia Stenodermatinae. As coletas dos dados bioac?sticos foram realizadas em cinco locais diferentes dentro da regi?o sudeste do Brasil. Para o presente estudo, foram gravadas vocaliza??es de morcegos da Subfam?lia Stenodermatinae: Artibeus cinereus, Artibeus fimbriatus, A. planirostris, A. obscurus, A. lituratus, Platyrrhinus lineatus, P. recifinus e Vampyressa pusilla. As vocaliza??es foram analisadas utilizando o sistema de an?lise Raven v1.3. Para an?lise, foram selecionadas 30 chamadas de cada indiv?duo. Os seguintes par?metros foram mensurados: Tipos de Sinais, bandas tonais, dura??o do sinal, Intervalo do Pr?-pulso, Intervalo do P?s-pulso, freq??ncia m?nima, freq??ncia m?xima, freq??ncia inicial, freq??ncia m?xima e freq??ncia pico. Para a descri??o dos par?metros ac?sticos foram calculados a m?dia, o desvio padr?o e o coeficiente de varia??o dos valores obtidos de cada um dos par?metros medidos das vocaliza??es para cada esp?cie. Atrav?s das an?lises, pudemos identificar dois tipos b?sicos de notas para esta emiss?o sonora presente nas chamadas de distress dentre as esp?cies estudadas. Os resultados aqui apresentados mostraram que os par?metros ac?sticos corroboram com outros trabalhos neste mesmo contexto, ou seja: as vocaliza??es de distress das esp?cies de morcegos estudadas podem representar a motiva??o de agressividade, conforme o c?digo de estrutura motivacional da vocaliza??o, caracterizadas em geral por apresentarem baixa frequ?ncia, em bandas larga e carregada de ru?dos.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-11-08T17:53:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Israel de S? Maciel.pdf: 3184590 bytes, checksum: 1d079e88bc7d2ff9256dc558436b7cd3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-08T17:53:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Israel de S? Maciel.pdf: 3184590 bytes, checksum: 1d079e88bc7d2ff9256dc558436b7cd3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-02 / CAPES / Pinnipeds produce a variety of underwater sounds that are often related to reproductive activities and social interactions. In addition, several species of seals provide evidence of vocalizations with geographical and individual variations. Most of bioacoustics researches with seals studied the terrestrial environment repertoire using linear analysis. However, some characteristics of vocalizations can not be explained with linear analysis only or taking into account only one part of the animal's life. The nonlinear phenomena (NLP) present in vocalizations (sideband, harmonic, sub-harmonic, biphonation, jump of frequency and deterministic chaos) are still poorly studied. Given the importance of this phenomena in vocalizations to individual recognition, especially in social mammals, was studied the underwater vocalizations of Antarctic seals in order to know their vocal repertoire and their NLP as well as discuss their possible function. In 2013, Brazilian Navy conducted acoustic recordings on Half Moon Island. In this collection were recorded 128GB of sound files between 12th and 30th of November. A total of 18 days of uninterrupted collections, producing 7,448 files of 3 minutes each. These recordings were taken at the presence of seals to Lobodontini Tribe. A total of 15 types of vocalizations were found in the period between days 12-16/November. A pattern in the vocalizations types L, K and E, arranged in sequence K, L and E, respectively, was observed in all seal recordings. All files presented biphonations, jumps of frequency, harmonics, sidebands and chaos in nine types of vocalizations (A, C, E, F, K, L, M, N and O). The nonlinearities were abundant on all files, being present in 75.56% (N = 1829) of vocalizations. Deterministic chaos was most common, present in 53.86% of non-linear features and 43.08% of vocalizations in general. Taking into account only the tonal vocalizations, 88.85% of vocalizations were nonlinear. The repetition of the KLE pattern also displays a recognition function. The NLP, mainly deterministic chaos, had high incidence in the studied vocalizations indicating that this type has an important role in communication. Furthermore, it seems to belong to the acoustic pattern of Antarctic?s Lobodontines. / Pin?pedes produzem uma variedade de sons subaqu?ticos que frequentemente s?o relacionados com atividades reprodutivas e intera??es sociais. Diversas esp?cies de focas apresentam evid?ncias de vocaliza??es com varia??es geogr?ficas e individuais. A maioria dos trabalhos com focas estudou o repert?rio em ambiente terrestre e com olhares para as an?lises lineares. Entretanto, algumas caracter?sticas das vocaliza??es n?o podem ser explicadas apenas com an?lises lineares ou levando em conta apenas uma parte da vida do animal. Os fen?menos n?o lineares (FNLs) presentes em vocaliza??es (banda lateral, harm?nico, sub-harm?nico, bifona??o, pulos de frequ?ncia e caos determin?stico) ainda s?o pouco estudados. Dada a import?ncia deste fen?meno nas vocaliza??es para o reconhecimento individual, principalmente em mam?feros sociais, este trabalho buscou estudar as vocaliza??es subaqu?ticas de focas ant?rticas, visando conhecer seu repert?rio vocal e seus FNLs, bem como discutir a poss?vel fun??o dos mesmos. Em 2013, a Marinha do Brasil realizou grava??es ac?sticas na Ilha Meia Lua na Ant?rtica. Nesta coleta foram registrados 128GB de arquivos de som nos dias entre 12 e 30 de novembro, totalizando 7.448 arquivos de 3 minutos cada. Nestas grava??es foi constatada a presen?a de focas pertencentes ? Tribo Lobodontini. Contatou-se tamb?m a presen?a de 15 tipos de vocaliza??es no per?odo entre os dias 12 a 16/novembro. Em todos os dias que houve grava??es de focas foi observado um padr?o nos tipos L, K e E, organizados na sequ?ncia K, L e E, respectivamente. Ap?s a inspe??o visual de todos os arquivos, foram encontrados pulos de frequ?ncia, bifona??es, harm?nicos, bandas laterais e caos determin?stico em nove tipos de vocaliza??es (A, C, E, F, K, L, M, N e O). As n?o linearidades foram abundantes em todos os arquivos, estando presentes em 75,56% (N=1829) das vocaliza??es. O caos determin?stico foi o mais comumente observado, estando presente em 53,86% das fei??es n?o lineares e 43,08% das vocaliza??es em geral. Levando em conta apenas as vocaliza??es tonais, 88,85% das vocaliza??es foram n?o lineares. A repeti??o do padr?o KLE parece apresentar uma fun??o de reconhecimento. Os FNLs, principalmente os do tipo caos determin?stico, estiveram muito presentes nas vocaliza??es estudadas, indicando que este tipo de emiss?o possui uma fun??o importante na comunica??o. Al?m disso, estes parecem pertencer ao repert?rio ac?stico padr?o de Lobodontines ant?rticos.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-04-03T22:03:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ThamiresCasagrande_DISSERT.pdf: 5017698 bytes, checksum: d1b39db5bf0fea4e08ace5ef9a725ffc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-04-10T21:03:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ThamiresCasagrande_DISSERT.pdf: 5017698 bytes, checksum: d1b39db5bf0fea4e08ace5ef9a725ffc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-10T21:03:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ThamiresCasagrande_DISSERT.pdf: 5017698 bytes, checksum: d1b39db5bf0fea4e08ace5ef9a725ffc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-07 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A exist?ncia de um padr?o repetitivo peri?dico de atividade vocal de baleias jubarte ao longo da temporada reprodutiva pode apoiar a hip?tese da exist?ncia de um ritmo biol?gico end?geno, ou ainda, elucidar como os zeitgebers bi?ticos ou abi?ticos poderiam modular a express?o do comportamento vocal desses animais, que ? t?o importante para o sucesso reprodutivo dos indiv?duos e manuten??o do tamanho e da sa?de da popula??o. Muitos estudos sobre atividade vocal de baleias jubarte tem investigado as altera??es no padr?o temporal e geogr?fico das can??es dos machos. Tal conhecimento pode contribuir para o manejo, elucidando como a express?o comportamental pode ser modulada sob a a??o dos fatores externos sobre o meio em que indiv?duo esteja inserido. Este conhecimento fornece, juntamente com outras informa??es sobre a hist?ria de vida, biologia e ecologia da esp?cie, subs?dios para a elabora??o de medidas de conserva??o que sejam mais bem-sucedidas. O objetivo desse trabalho foi verificar a exist?ncia de ritmo na ocorr?ncia de displays vocais de machos de baleia jubarte no entorno do Parque Nacional Marinho dos Abrolhos e se a presen?a de ru?do de barco afeta a atividade vocal. Para isso, foram utilizados dados ac?sticos anteriormente coletados no entorno do parque durante os anos de 2003, 2004 e 2005. Em 2005 o esfor?o foi dividido entre uma ?rea tratamento, similar aos anos anteriores e onde passam barcos de turismo frequentemente e uma ?rea controle com pouco tr?fego de barcos. As grava??es foram visual e auralmente inspecionadas atrav?s da ferramenta para MATLAB, XBAT, a cada 2 minutos e categorizadas como: presen?a ou aus?ncia de vocaliza??es de baleias jubarte e tamb?m de ru?dos de embarca??es. Foram realizadas an?lises espectrais, cosinor e teste de correla??o atrav?s de uma rotina elaborada em MATLAB. Nossos resultados mostram a exist?ncia de um padr?o de atividade vocal para todos os anos mas ausente na ?rea controle em 2005. Uma maior atividade vocal foi observada entre os hor?rios de 15:00 da tarde e 10:00 da manh?. Por?m o mesmo padr?o n?o p?de ser observado para todos os meses amostrados da ?rea controle de 2005, na qual o tr?fego de embarca??es era bem reduzido. Quando analisado o padr?o temporal das embarca??es, o maior n?mero de ru?dos se encontravam entre as 10:00 e 15:00 revelando uma correla??o negativa entre o ru?do de embarca??es e a atividade vocal. O que pode sinalizar que devido ao ru?do dos motores das embarca??es mascarar energeticamente os sinais vocais baleias jubarte em resposta evitam vocalizar em hor?rios de maior intensidade sonora, organizando-se temporalmente. / Many studies of vocal activity of humpback whales have focused on investigating the temporal and geographical pattern changes in the male song. This knowledge can contribute to the species management, explaining how the behavioral traits are modulated by external factors of the environment in which the individual is inserted. This knowledge associated with information about the life history, biology and ecology of the species, provides the development of more successful conservation measures. Determining the existence of a periodic pattern of vocal activity of male humpback whales along the breeding season may support the hypothesis of endogenous biological rhythms, or how the biotic or abiotic zeitgebers could modulate the expression of the vocal behavior of these animals, which is so important for their reproductive success and maintainance of a increasing and healthy population. The aim of this study was to verify the existence of such rhythm in the occurrence of male vocal displays in the vicinity of the National Marine Park of Abrolhos. For this, we used acoustic data previously collected during the years 2003, 2004 and 2005. In 2005 the effort was divided into two areas, a treatment area where whale watching boat traffic is frequent similar located in the same general area to the previous years and a control area with rare boat traffic. The recordings were visually and aurally inspected every 2 minutes using XBAT an application that runs in MATLAB. These 2-minute samples were categorized as: presence or absence of humpback vocal activity and also vessel noise. Spectral analyzes were performed using Cosinor and a correlation test through a routine developed in MATLAB. Our results show the existence of a vocal activity pattern for all years in the treatment area, but not in the control area. Vocal activity concentrated between 15:00 pm and 10:00 am. The same pattern was not observed in all months of 2005 in the control area where the boat traffic is reduced. Coincidentally, the temporal pattern of vessel noise was highest between 10:00am and 15:00pm revealing a negative correlation with male vocal displays. Motorboat noise not only mask humpback male vocal displays but also the endogenous rhythm of vocal activity of humpback whales. Because of the masking caused by motorboat noise in male vocal displays, they avoid higher sound intensity schedules, organizing themselves in time.