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Previous issue date: 2008-09-04 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Leishmaniasis are endemic diseases wild spread in the New and Old World, caused by the flagelated protozoan Leishmania. In the New World, the distribution of different forms of leishmaniasis is mostly in tropical regions. In the
State of Rio Grande do Norte, Northeast Brazil, 85% of the captured sand flies fauna is Lutzomyia longipalpis. The distribution of the sand fly vector in the state overlaps with the disease distribution, where the presence of sand flies is
associated with presence of animals shelters. The aim of this study was to analyse the blood meal preference of sand flies vector from the genus Lutzomyia spp. in laboratory conditions, to verify the vector life cicle at different
temperatures sets and to identify the main blood meal source in endemic areas for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) at peri-urban regions of Natal. Sand flies samples were collected from the municipalities of S?o Gon?alo do Amarante and N?sia Floresta where female sand flies were grouped for the colony
maintenance in the laboratory and for the analysis of the preferred source of sand fly blood meal in natural environment. The prevalence of blood meal preference and oviposition for the females sand flies was 97% for Cavia
porcellus with oviposition of 19 eggs/female; 97% for Eqqus caballus with 19 eggs/female; 98% for human blood with 14 eggs/female; 71.3% for Didelphis albiventris with 8.4 eggs/female; 73% for Gallus gallus with 14 eggs/female;
86% for Canis familiaris with 10.3 eggs/female; 81.4% for Galea spixii with 26 eggs/female; 36% for Callithrix jachus with 15 eggs/female; 42.8% for Monodelphis domestica with 0% of oviposition. Female sand flies did not take a blood meal from Felis catus. Sand flies life cycle ranged from 32-40 days, with
21-50 oviposition rates approximately. This study also showed that at 32?C the life cycle had 31 days, at 28? C it had 50 days and at 22?C it increased to 79 days. Adjusting the temperature to 35?C the eggs did not hatch, thus blocking
the life cycle. A total of 1540 sand flies were captured, among them, 1.310 were male and 230 were female. Whereas 86% of the sand flies captured were Lu. longipalpis as compared to 10.5% for Lu. evandroi and, 3.2% for L. lenti and
0.3% for Lu whitmani. The ratio between female and male sandfly was approximately 6 males to 1 female. In N?sia Floresta, 50.7% of the collected females took their blood meal from armadillo, 12.8% from human. Among the female sand flies captured in S?o Gon?alo do Amarante, 80 of them were
tested for the Leishmania KDNA infectivity where 5% of them were infected with Leishmania chagasi. Female Lutzomyia spp. showed to have an opportunistic blood meal characteristic. The behavioral parameters seem to have a higher influence in the oviposition when compared to the level of total proteins
detected in the host s bloodstream. A higher Lu. longipalpis life cycle viability was observed at 28?C. The increase of temperature dropped the life cycle time, which means that the life cycle is modified by temperature range, source of
blood meal and humidity. Lu longipalpis was the most specie found in the inner and peridomiciliar environment. In N?sia Floresta, armadillos were the main source of blood meal for Lutzomyia spp. At S?o Gon?alo do Amarante, humans
were the main source of blood meal due to CDC nets placed inside their houses / As leishmanioses s?o doen?as end?micas em regi?es do Velho e Novo Mundo causadas por protozo?rios flagelados do g?nero Leishmania. No Novo Mundo, a distribui??o das diversas formas de leishmaniose ? quase que inteiramente
intertropical. No Rio Grande do Norte, nordeste do Brasil, 85% da fauna flebotom?nica capturada no Estado, corresponde a Lutzomyia longipalpis e sua distribui??o se sobrep?e ? distribui??o da doen?a estando associada ? presen?a de abrigos de animais dom?sticos. A exposi??o de pessoas a esses ambientes aumenta a probabilidade de infec??o por diversas esp?cies de Leishmania. O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a prefer?ncia alimentar de f?meas do g?nero Lutzomyia em condi??es laboratoriais, observar o ciclo
biol?gico a diferentes temperaturas e identificar as principais fontes de repasto sangu?neo em ?reas end?micas de leishmaniose visceral na Grande Natal. Foram realizadas coletas nos munic?pios de S?o Gon?alo do Amarante e N?sia
Floresta dos quais foram separados grupos de f?meas para manuten??o de col?nia em laborat?rio e para avalia??o da prefer?ncia alimentar em ambiente natural. As f?meas apresentaram um percentual de prefer?ncia alimentar e
taxa de oviposi??o de 97,0% para Cavia porcellus com oviposi??o de 19 ovos/f?mea; 97,0% para Equus caballus, com 19 ovos/f?mea; 98,0% para sangue humano, com 14 ovos/f?mea; 71,3% em Didelphis albiventris, com 8,4
ovos/f?mea; 73,0% em Gallus gallus, com 14 ovos/f?mea; 86,0% em Canis familiaris, com 10,3 ovos/f?mea; 81,4% em Galea spixii, com 26 ovos/f?mea; 36,0% em Callithrix jachus, com 15 ovos/f?mea; 42,8% para Monodelphis domestica com 0,0% de oviposi??o. As f?meas n?o realizaram repasto
sangu?neo em Felis catus. O ciclo de vida de flebotom?neos em laborat?rio ? de 32-40 dias, com taxa de oviposi??o de aproximadamente 21-50 ovos/f?mea. Foi observado que a 32?C o ciclo biol?gico ? de 31 dias, enquanto que a 28?C este aumenta para 50 dias e a 22?C para 79 dias. Com o
aumento da temperatura para 35?C, os ovos n?o eclodiram, inviabilizando o curso do ciclo biol?gico. Foi coletado um total de 1.540 flebotom?neos, sendo 1310 machos e 230 f?meas. A esp?cie mais encontrada foi Lutzomyia longipalpis com 86,0%, Lutzomyia evandroi 10,5%, Lu. lenti com 3,2% e Lu.
whitmani com 0,3%. A rela??o entre macho e f?mea foi de aproximadamente 6 machos para 1 f?mea. 50,7% das f?meas coletadas em N?sia Floresta realizaram repasto apenas em peba, 12,8% das f?meas coletadas em S?o Gon?alo do Amarante realizaram repasto sangu?neo somente em humanos.
Dentre as f?meas coletadas em S?o Gon?alo do Amarante, 80 foram analisadas para a infectividade para o kDNA de Leishmania e 5% apresentaram amplifica??o para o kDNA de Leishmania. F?meas de Lutzomyia spp. apresentaram perfil alimentar oportunista. Os par?metros comportamentais parecem ter uma maior influ?ncia na oviposi??o do que os
n?veis de prote?nas totais encontrados no sangue dos hospedeiros. Uma maior viabilidade do ciclo de Lu. longipalpis foi observada a temperatura de 28?C. A eleva??o da temperatura reduziu a dura??o do ciclo biol?gico, sendo este
possivelmente influenciado pela temperatura, fonte de repasto e umidade relativa do ar. Lu. longipalpis foi a esp?cie mais encontrada em ambiente intra e peridomiciliar. Em N?sia Floresta, os pebas foram a principal fonte de repasto
sangu?neo de f?meas Lutzomyia spp. No munic?pio de S?o Gon?alo do Amarante, os humanos foram a principal fonte de repasto em conseq??ncia das coletas terem sido realizadas no intradomic?lio
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/12543 |
| Date | 04 September 2008 |
| Creators | Silva, Virg?nia Pen?llope Macedo e |
| Contributors | CPF:20007256434, http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4786307T7&dataRevisao=null, Nader, Helena Bonciani, CPF:58654593849, http://lattes.cnpq.br/7175631659428994, Santos, Elizeu Antunes dos, CPF:41305655400, http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4782221T9&dataRevisao=null, Ximenes, Maria de F?tima Freire de Melo |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Bioqu?mica, UFRN, BR, Bioqu?mica; Biologia Molecular |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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