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Previous issue date: 2009-12-07 / In a hospital environment, these bacteria can be spread by insects such as ants, which are
characterized by high adaptability to the urban environment. Staphylococcus is a leading
cause of hospital infection. In Europe, Latin America, USA and Canada, the group of
coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) is the second leading cause of these infections,
according to SENTRY (antimicrobial surveillance program- EUA). In this study, we
investigated the potential of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) as vehicle mechanics of
Staphylococcus bacteria in a public hospital, in Natal-RN. The ants were collected, day and
night, from June 2007 to may 2008, in the following sectors: hospitals, laundry, kitchen,
blood bank. The ants were identified according to the identification key of Bolton, 1997.
For the analysis of staphylococci, the ants were incubated in broth Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB)
for 24 hours at 35 ? C and then incubated on Mannitol Salt Agar. The typical colonies of
staphylococci incubated for 24 hours at 35 ? C in Tryptic Soy Agar for the characterization
tests (Gram stain, catalase, susceptibility to bacitracin and free coagulase). The
identification of CoNS was performed through biochemical tests: susceptibility to
novobiocin, growth under anaerobic conditions, presence of urease, the ornithine
decarboxylation and acid production from the sugars mannose, maltose, trehalose, mannitol
and xylose. The antimicrobial susceptibility examined by disk-diffusion technique. The
technique of Polymerase Chain Reaction was used to confirm the presence of mecA gene
and the ability to produce biofilm was verified by testing in vitro using polystyrene inert
surface, in samples of resistant staphylococci. Among 440 ants, 85 (19.1%) were carrying
coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) of the species Staphylococcus saprophyticus
(17), Staphylococcus epidermidis (15), Staphylococcus xylosus (13), Staphylococcus
hominis hominis (10), Staphylococcus lugdunensis (10), Staphylococcus warneri (6),
Staphylococcus cohnii urealyticum (5), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (3), Staphylococcus
simulans (3), Staphylococcus cohnii cohnii (2), and Staphylococcus capitis (1). No
Staphylococcus aureus was found. Among the isolates, 30.58% showed resistance to
erythromycin. Two samples of CoNS (2.35%), obtained from the ant Tapinoma
melanocephalum collected in the post-surgical female ward, S. Hominis hominis and S.
lugdunensis harbored the mecA gene and were resistant to multiple antibiotics, and the
specie S. hominis hominis even showed to be a biofilm producer. This study proves that
ants act as carriers of multidrug-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci and biofilm
producers and points to the risk of the spreading of pathogenic microorganisms by this
insect in the hospital environment / No ambiente hospitalar, bact?rias podem ser disseminadas por insetos, tais como as formigas,
que se destacam pela alta adaptabilidade ao ambiente urbano. As bact?rias do g?nero
Staphylococcus s?o uma das principais causas de infec??o hospitalar. Em pa?ses da Europa,
Am?rica Latina, Estados Unidos e Canad?, o grupo dos estafilococos coagulase-negativos
(ECN) representa a segunda maior causa dessas infec??es, segundo o SENTRY (Programa de
vigil?ncia antimicrobiana- EUA). No presente estudo foi analisado o potencial de formigas
(Hymenoptera: Formicidae) como ve?culos mec?nicos de bact?rias do g?nero Staphylococcus
em um hospital da rede p?blica de sa?de, no munic?pio de Natal-RN. As formigas capturadas
em coletas diurnas e noturnas, entre junho de 2007 e maio de 2008, nos seguintes setores:
enfermarias, lavanderia, cozinha, banco de sangue. Esses insetos foram identificados segundo a
chave de identifica??o de Bolton, 1997. Para a an?lise da presen?a de estafilococos, as formigas
foram incubadas em caldo de case?na de soja (TSB) por 24h, a 35?C para posterior semeadura
em Agar Manitol Salgado. As col?nias caracter?sticas de estafilococos incubadas por 24h a
35?C, em Tryptic Soy Agar, para testes de caracteriza??o do g?nero (colora??o de Gram,
catalase, susceptibilidade ? bacitracina e coagulase livre). A identifica??o dos ECN foi
realizada atrav?s das provas bioqu?micas: susceptibilidade ? novobiocina, crescimento em
anaerobiose, presen?a de urease, descarboxila??o da ornitina e produ??o de ?cidos a partir dos
a??cares manose, maltose, trealose, manitol e xilose. A susceptibilidade aos antimicrobianos
analisada atrav?s da t?cnica disco-difus?o. Para confirmar a presen?a do gene mecA foi
utilizada a t?cnica da Rea??o em Cadeia da Polimerase e a capacidade de produ??o de biofilme
foi verificada atrav?s de ensaio in vitro usando superf?cie inerte de poliestireno, em amostras de
estafilococos resistentes. Entre 440 formigas, 85 (19,1%) estavam transportando os ECN das
esp?cies Staphylococcus saprophyticus (17), Staphylococcus epidermidis (15), Staphylococcus
xylosus (13), Staphylococcus hominis hominis (10), Staphylococcus lugdunensis (10),
Staphylococcus warneri (6), Staphylococcus cohnii urealyticum (5), Staphylococcus
haemolyticus (3), Staphylococcus simulans (3), Staphylococcus cohnii cohnii (2), e
Staphylococcus capitis (1 ). Nenhum Staphylococcus aureus foi encontrado. Entre os isolados,
30,58% apresentaram resist?ncia ? eritromicina. Duas amostras de ECN (2,35%), obtidas a
partir da formiga Tapinoma melanocephalum coletadas na enfermaria feminina p?s-cir?rgica,
S. hominis hominis e S. lugdunensis albergavam o gene mecA e foram resistentes a m?ltiplos
antibi?ticos. Al?m disso, a esp?cie S. hominis hominis ainda mostrou ser um produtor de
biofilme. Este estudo demonstra que as formigas podem agir como veiculadoras de ECN multiresistentes
aos antimicrobianos e produtores de biofilme, e, ainda, aponta para o risco da
dissemina??o de microrganismos patog?nicos por esse inseto no ambiente hospitalar
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/13062 |
| Date | 07 December 2009 |
| Creators | Silva, Eut?lia Elizabeth Novaes Ferreira da |
| Contributors | CPF:20007256434, http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4786307T7&dataRevisao=null, Melo, Maria Celeste Nunes de, CPF:34195602300, http://lattes.cnpq.br/0580551464788795, Andrade Neto, Valter Ferreira de, CPF:59626305487, http://lattes.cnpq.br/4863082845974813, Cavalcante, Reginaldo Roris, CPF:10573453349, http://lattes.cnpq.br/7963025108560125, Ximenes, Maria de F?tima Freire de Melo |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncias Biol?gicas, UFRN, BR, Biodiversidade; Biologia Estrutural e Funcional. |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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