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Previous issue date: 2015-08-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A caprinocultura ? uma atividade amplamente explorada nos pa?ses tropicais e
apresenta grande import?ncia social e econ?mica. A despeito disso, muitas doen?as
afetam os caprinos dentre as quais, as parasitoses. Nesse contexto, alguns
parasitos do filo Apicomplexa s?o de grande import?ncia, devido ?s altas
preval?ncias, impacto sobre a produtividade e a reprodu??o dos animais, al?m do
car?ter zoon?tico de algumas esp?cies. O objetivo desse trabalho foi monitorar as
infec??es por Eimeria spp.,Criptosporidium spp.e Toxoplasma gondii em matrizes
caprinas da ra?a Canind?, criadas em regime semi-intensivo, na Esta??o
Experimental Terras Secas, Pedro Avelino, Rio Grande do Norte. As colheitas das
amostras de fezes e de sangue foram realizadas no per?odo de agosto de 2010 a
julho de 2011. Para monitorar a infec??o por Eimeria spp. foi realizada a contagem
de oocistos por grama de fezes (OoPG) e a identifica??o das esp?cies com base em
par?metros morfol?gicos e morfom?tricos dos oocistos esporulados. A infec??o por
Cryptosporidium spp. foi verificada pela pesquisa de oocistos em esfrega?os fecais
corados pela t?cnica de Zielh-Neelsen modificado. Para monitorar as infec??es por
T. gondii foi realizado o teste ELISA convencional e de avidez. A an?lise estatistica
para a correla??o entre a m?dia de elimina??o de oocistos e a intensidade de
chuvas foi verificada atrav?s do teste t para os coeficientes de regress?o. E para a
correla??o entre a elimina??o de oocistos e o estado reprodutivo das matrizes, foi
feito uma analise de vari?ncia. As an?lises estat?sticas foram feitas utilizando o
programa R Core Team, vers?o 2015, admitindo-se n?vel de signific?ncia de 0,05%.
Os oocistos de Eimeria foram detectados em 85,24% das amostras de fezes. Foram
identificadas nove esp?cies de Eimeria: E. alijevi, E. arloingi, E. apsheronica, E.
caprovina, E. christenseni, E. hirci, E. joechijevi, E. ninakohlyakimovae e E. caprina.
A intensidade da precipita??o mostrou rela??o com a elimina??o de oocistos. Nos
meses em que a intensidade pluviom?trica foi superior a 100 mm houve maior
elimina??o de oocistos nas fezes (p=0,00). As matrizes gestantes e paridas
eliminaram mais oocistos de Eimeria do que as secas, sendo essa diferen?a
estatisticamente significante (p=0,00). Dos 405 esfrega?os fecais examinados, nove
apresentaram oocistos de Cryptosporidium spp., representando 2,20% das
amostras; sendo os oocistos presentes em uma amostra colhida em agosto, uma em
janeiro, tr?s em fevereiro, tr?s em mar?o e uma em junho. Das 215 amostras de soro
testadas pelo teste ELISA, 93 (43,26%) foram consideradas reativas para T.gondii. A
maior taxa de reatividade foi verificada no m?s de julho de 2011 (94,10%). Nas
amostras consideradas reativas, foi realizado o teste ELISA de avidez de anticorpos
das quais 65 (69,90%) apresentaram anticorpos de alta avidez, indicativo de
infec??o cr?nica e 28 (30,10%) apresentaram anticorpos de baixa avidez, indicativo
de infec??o aguda. A infec??o por Eimeria spp. se constitui um problema para o
rebanho j? que as cinco esp?cies consideradas patog?nicas para caprinos foram
observadas com alta preval?ncia, ao longo de todo o per?odo do estudo. A infec??o
por Cryptosporidium spp. apresenta baixo risco, mas este ? cont?nuo, j? que a
elimina??o de oocistos de Cryptosporidium spp. ocorreu em diversos momentos ao
longo de tempo do estudo. O risco de transmiss?o vertical de T. gondii pode ser
considerado alto, j? que aproximadamente um ter?o dessas matrizes estava na fase
aguda da infec??o. / The goat production is a widely exploited activity in tropical countries and has great
social and economic importance. Despite this, many diseases affect goats among
which, parasitosis. In this context, some parasites of the phylum Apicomplexa are of
great importance, due to high prevalence, impact on productivity and reproduction of
animals, in addition to zoonotic's characteristics of some species. The aim of this
study was to monitor the infections by Eimeria spp., Cryptosporidium spp.e
Toxoplasma gondii in goats matrices of Canind? breed, raised in semi-intensive
regime at the Experimental Station Terras Secas, Pedro Avelino, Rio Grande do
Norte. Crops of stool samples and blood were carried out from August 2010 to July
2011. To monitor Eimeria spp. Infection it was realized the oocyst count per gram of
feces (OoPG) and the identification of species based on morphological and
morphometric parameters of sporulated oocysts. The infection by Cryptosporidium
spp. was verified by oocyst's search in fecal smears stained with modified Zielh-
Neelsen technique. To monitor infection by T. gondii was performed the conventional
ELISA and avidity. The statistical analysis of the correlation between the average
oocysts disposal and intensity of rainfall was verified by the t test for the regression
coefficients. And the correlation between the oocysts shedding and reproductive
status of matrices, it was made an analysis of variance. Statistical analyzes were
performed using the R Core Team program, version 2015, assuming a significance
level of 0.05%. Eimeria oocysts were detected in 85.24% of feces samples. Nine
species of Eimeria have been identified: E. alijevi, E. arloingi, E. apsheronica, and.
caprovina, E. christenseni, E. hirci, E. joechijevi, E. Ninakohlyakimovae e, E. caprina.
The intensity of rainfall is related to the elimination of oocysts in the months in which
the rainfall intensity was greater than 100 mm there was a greater elimination of
oocysts in the feces (p = 0.00). Pregnant and calved matrices tend to eliminate more
oocysts of Eimeria than dry, and this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.00).
Of 405 fecal smears examined, nine were Cryptosporidium spp, representing 2.20%
of the samples.; being the oocysts present in a sample taken in August, one in
January, three in February, three in March and one in June. Of the 215 serum
samples tested by ELISA, 93 (43.26%) were considered reactive to T. gondii. The
greater reactivity rate was observed in July 2011 (94.10%). In the samples
considered reactive, it was performed the ELISA test of antibody avidity of which 65
(69.90%) had high avidity antibodies, indicative of chronic infection and 28 (30.10%)
had low avidity, indicative of acute infection. The infection by Eimeria spp. constitutes
a problem for the flock since the five considered pathogenic species for goats were
observed with high prevalence throughout the study period. The infection by
Cryptosporidium spp. a low risk, but this is continuous, since the elimination of
Cryptosporidium spp. It occurred at several points over the study time. The risk of
vertical transmission of T. gondii can be considered high, since approximately one
third of matrices were in the acute phase of infection.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/22114 |
| Date | 31 August 2015 |
| Creators | Silva, Alana Karina Miranda da |
| Contributors | 59626305487, http://lattes.cnpq.br/4863082845974813, Medeiros, Lilian Giotto Zaros de, 24554066878, Simpl?cio, Aurino Alves, 05711673491, http://lattes.cnpq.br/0723715433283381, Andrade Neto, Valter Ferreira de |
| Publisher | PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM CI?NCIAS BIOL?GICAS, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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