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Previous issue date: 2016-12-21 / ?xido n?trico (NO) ? uma mol?cula gasosa importante em processos intra e
extracelular, est? presente em v?rios tecidos, exercendo um papel importante no
sistema imune, na regula??o da press?o sangu?nea, no relaxamento do m?sculo liso
e na vasodilata??o via nervos perif?ricos. Por ser um g?s o NO atravessa livremente
as membranas celulares. Portanto, na parte central do sistema nervoso age como
um neurotransmissor em circuitos locais, distribuindo-se em curtas dist?ncias,
difundindo-se de c?lula em c?lula participando de v?rias fun??es, como aprendizado
e mem?ria, podendo mediar respostas excitat?rias a certos amino?cidos. O NO est?
presente em v?rios n?cleos distribu?dos por todo o sistema nervoso e tem sido
descrito em diversas esp?cies animais atrav?s da express?o de sua enzima de
s?ntese, a NOS. Utilizando as t?cnicas de imunoistoqu?mica contra NOS e de
histoqu?mica para marcar a atividade enzim?tica da NADPH diaforase, a NADPHd,
n?s mapeamos a distribui??o de NO no tronco encef?lico de um roedor end?mico da
caatinga brasileira que habita ?reas rochosas e tem h?bitos crepusculares, o moc?
(Kerodon rupestris). Diversas regi?es e n?cleos do tronco encef?lico apresentaram
imunorreatividade ao NOS ou atividade NADPHd. O presente trabalho mostra que
em moc?, entre outras regi?es, NO est? em n?cleos do sistema visual prim?rio como
os n?cleos pr?-tectais e col?culo superior; n?cleos do sistema auditivo como o
complexo olivar, col?culo inferior e n?cleo coclear; em diversas subdivis?es da
subst?ncia cinzenta periaquedutal, estrutura envolvida em comportamentos
defensivos, nocicep??o e ansiedade, assim como o locus cer?leos onde NO tamb?m
foi encontrado; subst?ncia negra, onde NO est? relacionado a encefalopatia
hep?tica e com a doen?a de Parkinson em outros roedores. O grande n?mero de
n?cleos nitr?rgicos e seu padr?o de distribui??o no tronco encef?lico de moc? foi
semelhante ao observado em outras esp?cies de mam?feros, nos levando a concluir
que a proximidade filogen?tica das esp?cies ? mantida na distribui??o de NO no
tronco encef?lico de moc?. / Nitric oxide (NO) is a gas very important in intra and extracellular process. It is
present in many tissues, having an important role in the immunological system,
regulation of blood pressure, relaxation of the smooth muscle and vasodilatation
through peripheral nervous system. As a gas, NO can pass freely through cell
membranes. Therefore, it acts as a neurotransmitter of local action in the central
nervous system, reaching short distances, diffusing from cell to cell. It has many
functions as learning and memory and modulation of excitatory responses to
aminoacids. NO is present in many areas throughout the brain and has been
described in many animal species by the expression of its enzyme of synthesis, the
NOS. Using immunohistochemistry against NOS and NADPH diaphorase
histochemistry we described the distribution of NO in the brainstem of a rodent
typical from the Brazilian caatinga, that inhabits rocky areas and has crepuscular
habits, the rock cavy (Kerodon rupestris). Several brainstem areas and nuclei
presented immunorreactivity to NOS or NADPHd activity. Some of them showed a
high density of immunostained neurons, for example the periaqueductal gray, the
magnocellular nucleus of the posterior commissure and the interpeduncular nucleus.
Others nuclei presented a moderated, as the posterior pretectal nucleus, olivary
pretectal nucleus, layers of the superior colliculus and cuneate nucleus. Several
showed a low density as the posterior commissure nuclei, paranigral nucleus
external cortex of the inferior colliculus and the inferior oliva. Finally, there is nuclei
with a very low density, for example the reticular part of the substantia nigra, the
pararubral nucleus, the dorsal raphe nucleus, the gracile nucleus and interstitial
nucleus of the medulla. The great number of nitrergic nuclei and its pattern of
distribution in the rock cavy's brainstem is similar to the other mammals, leading us to
conclude that the phylogenetic proximity between species is kept in the brainstem.
The present work shows that among other regions the NO is in nuclei of the primary
visual system as the pretectal nuclei and the superior coliculum; nuclei of the auditory
system as the olivar complex, inferior coliculum and the coclear nuclei; it is in several
divisions of the periaqueductal grey matter, strutucture involved in defensive
behavior, nociception and anxiety, like the locus coeruleus, where NO also was find;
the substantia nigra, where the NO has been related to hepatic encephalopatia and
Parkinson's disease in other rodents.The great number of nitrergic nuclei and its
pattern of distribution in the rock cavy's brainstem looked alike what is seen in other
mammals, leading us to conclude that the philogenetic proximity of the species is
mantained in the distribution of NO in the rock cavy's brainstem.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/22491 |
| Date | 21 December 2016 |
| Creators | Ara?jo, Lucim?rio Thiago Felix de |
| Contributors | 00932163432, http://lattes.cnpq.br/7975576082142180, Horta J?nior, Jos? de Anchieta de Castro e, 16400555846, http://lattes.cnpq.br/2577584360099382, Rachetti, Vanessa de Paula Soares, 28762725807, http://lattes.cnpq.br/1524215726056886, Costa, Miriam Stela Maris de Oliveira, Cavalcante, Judney Cley |
| Publisher | PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM BIOLOGIA ESTRUTURAL E FUNCIONAL, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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