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Previous issue date: 2011-12-05 / Achyrocline satureioides, also known as Marcela is an aromatic herb widely used in Brazil and other South American countries, due to its medicinal properties. The marcela presents in its composition phenolic substances which are attributed antioxidant activity and volatile components. In this work we studied the processes of distillation by steam distillation and supercritical extraction, to evaluate the use of these techniques in obtaining the non-volatile and volatile extracts of marcela from its aerial parts, in order to obtain new products with aromatic notes. The extraction of essential oil of marcela was performed by employing the technique of steam distillation in five pressures (1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 bar), and is performed for each experimental condition the determination of the yield curve of essential oil versus time. For the extracts obtained by this technique, essential oils, the analysis was performed on the chemical composition of the extract through chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In relation to non-volatile extracts, they were obtained through the use of supercritical extraction process in four pressures (90, 100, 110 and 120 bar) at two temperatures (303.15 and 313.15 K) and each condition also yield curves were generated versus time. The extracts were assessed for their aromatic potential by assessing olfactometric. For both processes was carried out mathematical modeling of the curves, using models based on mass transfer consistent with the extraction technique that successfully represented the curves for both techniques. Regarding the assessment olfactometric both extracts volatile and non volatile aromatic potential presented, highlighting the sample extracted by steam distillation at 2.5 bar. / Achyrocline satureioides, tamb?m conhecida como marcela ? uma ervaarom?tica muito usada no Brasil e em outros pa?ses da Am?rica do Sul, devido as suas propriedades medicinais. A marcela apresenta em sua composi??osubst?ncias fen?licas as quais se atribuem atividade antioxidante e componentes vol?teis. Neste trabalho foram estudados os processos de destila??o por arraste a vapor e extra??o supercr?tica, visando avaliar o uso destas t?cnicas na obten??o dos extratos vol?teis e n?o vol?teis da marcela a partir de suas partes a?reas, a fim de se obter produtos com novas notas arom?ticas. A extra??o do ?leo essencial de marcela foi executada atrav?s do emprego da t?cnica de arraste a vapor em cinco press?es (1,0; 1,5; 2,0; 2,5 e 3,0 bar), sendo realizada para cada condi??o experimental a determina??o da curva de rendimento de ?leo essencial versus tempo. Para os extratos obtidos por essa t?cnica, os ?leos essenciais, foi realizada a an?lise da composi??o qu?mica do extrato via cromatografia gasosa acoplada com o espectr?metro de massas (CG/EM). Em rela??o aos extratos n?o vol?teis, os mesmos foram obtidos atrav?s do uso do processo de extra??o supercr?tica em quatro press?es (90, 100, 110 e 120 bar) em duas temperaturas (303,15 e 313,15 K)e para cada condi??o tamb?m foram geradas curvas de rendimento versus tempo.Os extratos obtidos foram avaliados quanto ao seu potencial arom?tico atrav?s de uma avalia??o olfatom?trica. Para ambos os processos foi realizada a modelagem matem?tica das curvas, utilizando modelos baseados na transfer?ncia de massa condizente com a t?cnica de extra??o que representaram com ?xito as curvas para ambas as t?cnicas. Em rela??o ? avalia??o olfatom?trica, tanto os extratos vol?teis como os n?o vol?teis apresentaram potencial arom?tico, destacando a amostra extra?da por arraste a vapor a 2,5 bar.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.pucrs.br:tede/3188 |
| Date | 05 December 2011 |
| Creators | Barroso, M?urean Salli Tavares |
| Contributors | Cassel, Eduardo |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Engenharia e Tecnologia de Materiais, PUCRS, BR, Faculdade de Engenharia |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, instacron:PUC_RS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | -7432719344215120122, 500, 600, -655770572761439785 |
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