It is a principle of common law that if goods are shipped in a general ship (a) without any express contract being made between the shipper of the goods and the ship-owner or if a contract is made, one which does not contain any stipulations relieving the shipowner from liability for loss of/or damage to the goods, the shipowner acts as an insurer of their safety. [...]

A restless world, not yet recovered from the last World War and still plagued with the realities of "limited warfare," is confronted with the problem of restraining the brutality and massive destruction inherent in possible future large scale hostilities. Recent tests of thermonuclear devices have occasioned new and vigorous demands for legal restraints on weapons and methods of warfare.

A little more than half a century has elapsed since the first flight of a power drlven aircraft. On December ,17, 1903, the Wright brothers made their now historic flights in an aircraft which they had designed and built themselves. On the fourth attempt that day, a distance of 852 feet was covered during a flight which lasted 59 seconds. [...]

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Through its Global Transmission Network, Societe Internationale de Telecommunications Aeronautiques (SITA) provides Aeronautical Telecommunications related to Safety of Air Navigation, Flight Planning Reservations etc., to two hundred and forty-three airlines of one hundred and fifty-four Nations. / Comprehensive comparison of SITA with two Governmental Institutions--International Maritime Satellite Organisation (INMARSAT) and European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation (EUROCONTROL)--reveals no substantive dissimilarity. All three possess infrastructures worth millions of dollars, operate transnationally and in areas beyond National Jurisdiction, and supply Telecommunications Services to Private Persons on a non-profit basis. / Other than "Form", no rationale emerges for endowment of International Legal Personality and related Privileges and Immunities on INMARSAT and EUROCONTROL. The Author proposes specification of "objective" criteria, whereunder an Institution, Governmental or not, can claim an International Legal Status commensurate with the Essentiality of its International Function to the Nations and Peoples of the world.

Access to adequate financing for the development of Canada's aerospace industry, which is a significant contributor to the country's gross national product, is controlled by the financial community generally. In order for one to successfully transact with the community, their fears and expectations must be clearly understood and respected. This study begins in Chapter I with an examination of the types of financing available, and Chapter II discusses how these financings may be funded. Chapter III contains a detailed consideration of the types of security required to secure such obligations, while Chapter IV sets out the types of insurance required. Any financial transaction must take into consideration the impact of taxation, and Chapter V contains a study of the various types of taxes normally encountered in aerospace financing. Chapter VI discusses some of the usual provisions normally found in aerospace finance documentation and Chapter VII sets out some of the special requirements to be met. This is followed by a final analysis, conclusions and recommendations in Chapter VIII. An extensive, but selective bibliography completes the study.

Space stations represent a watershed in man's exploitation and utilization of the space milieu. The several factors of: array of hardware; proliferation of space capability; constant presence of man in orbit; variety of activities; and multiplicity of participants, all coalesce to create an unprecedented era in man's conquest of space. / In addition to these scientific and technological developments, this thesis addresses the policy implications for all the current participants in the Space Stations' Era. This is then applied to the US/International Space Station project to assess the legal implications which this precedental co-operative venture provokes. Thus, the status of the co-operative instrument, structures for the efficient management of the project and the commercial law applicable to the venture are all dealt with. / The shift of focus from the specific to the general is completed through a treatment of the military realities of space station utilization, the protection of the environment through the medium of the NPS issue, and the operation of global space law in this era as exemplified by the Registration Convention. The thesis concludes with a call for patience, foresight and vigilance to ensure and promote space democratization to the betterment of mankind.

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The thesis represents a search for the appropriate regime for protecting remote sensing data and information. Based on the technical and societal characteristics of this type of data, it argues in favour of the necessity to secure access to it. Using the regulatory examples of the USA and Europe, the research compares the effectiveness of such relevant legal regimes as intellectual property protection, in particular, copyright on the one hand, and the regulation of public sector information on the other. On the basis of this analysis the argument is made, that the unnecessary commodification of remote sensing data through private property-like protection regime will adversely influence their use and diminish their value. The principle of sharing, based on the theories of common property and the common good, is proposed as the best and most appropriate solution to avoid development of such a scenario. Its viability and effectiveness lies in the emphasis on the balance between the private and the public in the achievement of the common good of a better life that today manifests itself inter alia in being information rich. The principle of sharing has survived centuries of philosophical thought and is relevant today, particularly with regard to the establishment of the protection and distribution regime for remote sensing data, as the highlighted examples of geographic information infrastructures and the Geographic Earth Observation System of Systems show. The metaphor of information as a waterway rounds up the discussion regarding the relevance of the principle of sharing and emphasises the indispensability of the access-to-data oriented approach to the regulation of relationships over the generation, distribution and use of remote sensing data and information. / Cette thèse se veut une recherche du régime adéquat de protection des données de télédétections et de l'information. Son argument, en faveur de la nécessité d'en sécuriser l'accès, se base sur leurs caractéristiques techniques et sociétales. En prenant comme exemples les États-Unis et l'Europe, cette recherche compare l'efficacité de régimes légaux pertinents telle que la protection de la propriété intellectuelle, en particulier celle du droit d'auteur d'une part, et la régulation du secteur public de l'information, de l'autre. Sur la base de cette analyse, ce travail soutient qu'une marchandisation non nécessaire des données de télédétections par des régimes de protection, telle que celui de la propriété privée, vont influencer défavorablement leurs utilités ainsi que leurs valeurs. Le principe du partage, basé sur les théories de la propriété commune et du bien commun, est proposé comme étant la solution pour éviter de tels scénarios. Sa viabilité et son efficacité résident dans l'accent mis entre l'équilibre public et privé dans l'accomplissement du bien commun d'une vie meilleure, qui se manifeste aujourd'hui notamment par l'abondance de l'information. Le principe de partage, qui a survécu à des siècles de pensée philosophique, est toujours pertinent aujourd'hui, particulièrement en ce qui concerne l'implantation de régime de protection et de distribution des données de télédétections, tel que les exemples donnés sur l'infrastructure de l'information géographique et le "Geographic Earth Observation System of Systems" le montrent. La métaphore qui présente l'information comme une voie navigable reprend la discussion relative à la pertinence du principe de partage et accentue l'aspect indispensable d'une approche orientée vers l'accès aux données, préférable à la régulation des relations sur la génération, la distribution et l'utilisation de données de télédétections et de l'information.