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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
361

Children's prosocial lie-telling in politeness situations and its relation to social variables

Popliger, Mina January 2011 (has links)
Due to the multi-faceted nature of lying, the development of children's lie-telling has received the attention of psychologists, educators, parents, and legal professionals. While recent research has focused on the conceptual understanding and moral evaluation of truth and lies, as well as children's actual lying behaviours, there has been little investigation of social variables related to the development of children's lie-telling behaviour. Therefore, the current research program sought to investigate social variables related to children's prosocial lying in politeness situations. Prosocial lies are evaluated differently from lies told to conceal a transgression, yet have not been the focus of a comprehensive examination in the developmental literature. This dissertation comprises two manuscripts that collectively contribute to the literature by exploring children's truth- and lie-telling in a politeness situation, and social variables related to its development. The first manuscript reports on two studies that investigated motivational and social factors affecting children's lying. In addition, the relationship between prosocial lying and children's moral understanding and evaluation of prosocial scenarios was examined. In Study 1, 72 children from the 2nd and 4th grades (Age: M = 8.38 years, SD = 0.56) participated in a disappointing gift paradigm with either high or low consequences for lying. Children were more likely to lie in the low-cost than high-cost condition. In Study 2, 117 children from preschool to late elementary school (Age: M = 8.04 years, SD = 2.03) also participated in a disappointing gift paradigm with high or low costs for lying, as well as answered questions regarding prosocial moral vignette scenarios. Parents completed questionnaires regarding their parenting styles and family emotional expressiveness. Lying was more common when the consequences for doing so were low- as compared to the high-cost condition. Preschoolers, compared to older children, were least likely to tell a prosocial lie in the high-cost condition. In addition, prosocial liars had families who expressed positive emotions infrequently, and relied on an authoritative parenting style. Finally, there was an interaction between the prosocial liars and their evaluations of the protagonists' and recipients' feelings in the vignettes. Given the obtained results supporting social variables as a factor in the development of children's prosocial lying, the second manuscript sought to examine whether children display the same behaviours as their parents when telling the truth or a lie in a politeness situation. Forty-seven parent-child dyads (ranging in age from 7 to 15 years), were told to pretend to like a drink that either tasted good or bad. Adult raters who viewed the drink descriptions were unable to accurately differentiate the truths and lies. Adults were also biased in their overall evaluations; they perceived the parents as being truthful and children as being lie-tellers. In-depth video analysis of parents and children's expressive behaviours revealed no differences between parents and their children. Taken together, findings from these two manuscripts provide theoretical and empirical support to examine social variables in relation to the development of children's truth- and lie-telling. / En raison de la complexité du comportement déceptif, plusieurs professionnels, tel que psychologues, éducateurs, professionnels en droit, et même parents, ont mis leur attention sur l'étude du développement de comportement déceptif. La majorité de chercheurs ont investigués la compréhension et l'évaluation des mensonges, de la vérité, et le comportement déceptif des enfants. Cependant, plusieurs ont négligés l'étude des indices sociaux reliés au développement du comportement déceptif chez les enfants. De plus, l'évaluation des mensonges prosociales n'ont pas été l'objet d'un recherche compréhensive dans la littérature développemental. Par conséquent, ce programme de recherche a examiné les indices sociaux liés au comportement des enfants dans des situations de politesse. Compris dans ce mémoire sont deux manuscrits discutant le comportement véridique et déceptif des enfants en situation de politesse, et les indices qui peuvent contribués au développement de ces comportements. Le premier manuscrit comprend deux études qui ont examinées les facteurs de motivation et indices sociaux affectant les mensonges des enfants. En outre, la relation entre les mensonges prosociales, l'évaluation des situations de courtoisie, et la compréhension morale de ces comportement a été évaluée. La première étude comprend 72 enfants de la 2e et 4e année, qui ont participés dans un paradigme de « cadeau décevant» avec de sévères ou légères conséquences. Les résultats indiquent que les enfants ont une tendance de mentir plus souvent face à des conséquences légères. La deuxième étude comprend 117 enfants entre la pré-maternelle et le primaire, (M = 8.04 ans, SD = 2.03), qui ont participé dans un paradigme de « cadeau décevant» avec de sévères ou légères conséquences. Ces enfants ont aussi lu des vignettes de scénario de moralité et ont répondu à des questions sur leur compréhension des vignettes. Leurs parents ont complété des questionnaires sur le comportement expressif et émotionnel de leur famille et sur leur style parental. Les résultats indiquent que les enfants ont une tendance de mentir plus souvent face à des conséquences légères. Il avait des tendances développementales puissent que les enfants en pré-maternelle étaient les moins susceptibles de faire un mensonge prosociale lors de sévère conséquence. En outre, les menteurs prosociales avaient proviennent de famille qui expriment rarement des émotions positives et ont un style parental autoritaire. De plus, il y avait une interaction entre les menteurs et leurs évaluations des sentiments des protagonistes et des récipients dans les vignettes. Les résultats indiquent que les indices sociaux sont enfaite liés au développent du comportement déceptif prosociale. Alors, le but du deuxième manuscrit est d'évalué si les enfants et leurs parents utilisent les mêmes comportements expressifs et non-expressifs lors d'un mensonge ou de vérité. Quarante-sept pairs de parent-enfant (enfant entre 7 à 15 ans) on été demandé de faire semblant d'aimer une boisson qui goûtait bon ou mauvais. Évaluateurs qui ont regardé les clips vidéo des descriptions des boissons ont été incapables de différencier les vérités des mensonges. Les évaluateurs ont été polarisés dans leur évaluation puisse qu'ils ont perçu les parents comme étant véridiques et les enfants comme étant menteurs. Une analyse détaillée des comportements expressifs des pairs n'indiquent aucunes différences entre parent et enfants. Pris ensemble, les résultats de ces deux manuscrits fournissent un appui théorique et empirique pour améliorer notre compréhension des indices sociaux par rapport au développement de comportement véridique et déceptif chez les enfants.
362

Préparations de docosanol nanoformulées pour usage topique

Soukrati, Mina 04 1900 (has links)
La réduction de la taille des particules jusqu’à l’obtention de nanocristaux est l’une des approches utilisées afin d’améliorer la pénétration cutanée des médicaments à usage topique. Nous proposons que la fabrication d’une formulation semi solide (hydrogel) à base de nanosuspension de docosanol, aboutira à une diffusion du principe actif supérieure à celle du produit commercial Abreva®, à travers des membranes synthétiques de polycarbonates. Le broyage humide est la technique proposée pour la production des nanoparticules de docosanol. Nous proposons aussi la préparation d’une formulation semi-solide (hydrogel) à usage topique à partir de la nanosuspension de docosanol. La nanosuspension de docosanol est obtenue par dispersion du docosanol en solution aqueuse en présence du polymère stabilisant hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) et du surfactant laurylsulfate de sodium (SDS) suivi d’un broyage humide à faible ou à haute énergie. L’hydrogel de docosanol nanoformulé est préparé à l’aide de la nanosuspension de docosanol qui subit une gélification par le carbopol Ultrez 21 sous agitation mécanique suivie d’une neutralisation au triéthanolamine TEA. La taille des particules de la nanosuspension et de l’hydrogel a été déterminée par diffusion dynamique de la lumière (DLS). Une méthode analytique de chromatographie liquide à haute performance (HPLC) munie d’un détecteur évaporatif (ELSD) a été développée et validée pour évaluer la teneur de docosanol dans les préparations liquides, dans les différentes nanosuspensions et dans les hydrogels de docosanol. L’état de cristallinité des nanocristaux dans la nanosuspension et dans l’hydrogel a été étudié par calorimétrie différentielle à balayage. La morphologie de la nanosuspension et de l’hydrogel de docosanol a été examinée par microscopie électronique à balayage (MEB). Les propriétés rhéologiques et de stabilité physique à différentes températures ont été aussi étudiées pour la formulation semi-solide (hydrogel). De même, la libération in vitro du docosanol contenu dans l’hydrogel et dans le produit commercial Abreva® a été étudiée à travers deux membranes de polycarbonates de taille de pores 400 et 800 nm. Dans le cas de nanosuspensions, des cristaux de docosanol de taille nanométrique ont été produits avec succès par broyage humide. Les nanoparticules de tailles variant de 197 nm à 312 nm ont été produites pour des pourcentages différents en docosanol, en polymère HPC et en surfactant SDS. Après lyophilisation, une augmentation de la taille dépendant de la composition de la formulation a été observée tout en restant dans la gamme nanométrique pour la totalité presque des formulations étudiées. Dans le cas des hydrogels examinés, la taille moyenne des particules de docosanol est maintenue dans la gamme nanométrique avant et après lyophilisation. L’analyse thermique des mélanges physiques, des nanosuspensions et des hydrogels de docosanol a révélé la conservation de l’état de cristallinité des nanocristaux de docosanol après broyage et aussi après gélification. L’examen par microscopie électronique à balayage (MEB) a montré que la nanosuspension et l’hydrogel ont tous deux une morphologie régulière et les nanoparticules ont une forme sphérique. De plus les nanoparticules de la nanosuspension ont presque la même taille inférieure à 300 nm en accord avec le résultat obtenu par diffusion dynamique de la lumière (DLS). Les nanoparticules de l’hydrogel ont une légère augmentation de taille par rapport à celle de la nanosuspension, ce qui est en accord avec les mesures de DLS. D’après les mesures rhéologiques, l’hydrogel de docosanol a un comportement pseudoplastique et un faible degré de thixotropie. L’étude de stabilité physique a montré que les formulations d’hydrogel sont stables à basse température (5°C) et à température ambiante (21°C) pendant une période d’incubation de 13 semaines et instable au-delà de 30°C après deux semaines. La méthode HPLC-ELSD a révélé des teneurs en docosanol comprises entre 90% et 110% dans le cas des nanosuspensions et aux alentours de 100% dans le cas de l’hydrogel. L’essai de diffusion in vitro a montré qu’il y a diffusion de docosanol de l’hydrogel à travers les membranes de polycarbonates, qui est plus marquée pour celle de pore 800 nm, tandis que celui du produit commercial Abreva® ne diffuse pas. Le broyage humide est une technique bien adaptée pour la préparation des nanosuspensions docosanol. Ces nanosuspensions peuvent être utilisée comme base pour la préparation de l’hydrogel de docosanol nanoformulé. / Reducing the particle size to nanocrystals is one of the approaches used to improve the percutaneous penetration of topical dosage form. We propose that the preparation of a semi solid formulation of docosanol, can lead to higher diffusion of docosanol than in commercial product Abreva® through polycarbonate membranes. Wet ball milling is the proposed technique for docosanol nanoparticles preparation. We propose also the preparation of topical semi-solid formulation from docosanol nanosuspension. Docosanol nanosuspension is obtained from docosanol dispersion in aqueous solution in presence of the stabilizer polymer hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) and the surfactant sodium laurylsulfate (SDS) followed by wet ball milling at low or high energy. Nanoformulated hydrogel of docosanol is prepared from docosanol nanosuspension which is gellified by carbopol Ultrez 21 under vigorous stirring followed by neutralization with triethanolamine TEA. Nanosuspension and hydrogel particle size was characterized by dynamic light scattering. An analytical method of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an evaporative detector (ELSD) has been developed and validated for docosanol content quantification in liquid preparation, in different nanosuspensions and in docosanol hydrogels. The crystalline state of nanosuspension and hydrogel nanocrystals was studied by scanning differential calorimetry (DSC). The morphology of nanosuspension and hydrogel was evaluated by Scanning electronic microscopy SEM. Rheological properties and physical stability at different temperatures were studied for semi-solid formulation. In vitro docosanol release from hydrogel and from the commercial product Abreva® was studied through two polycarbonate membranes of pore size 400 and 800 nm. In nanosuspensions, nanosized crystals of docosanol have been successfully produced by wet ball milling. Nanoparticles of size ranged from 197 nm to 312 nm could be obtained by percentage variation of docosanol, of polymer HPC and surfactant SDS. After freeze drying, an increase in size relative to formulation composition was observed but the size particle is in nanometric range for almost all studied formulations. In case of prepared hydrogels, mean particle size of docosanol is maintained in nanometric range before and after freeze drying. Thermal analysis of physical mixtures, docosanol nanosuspensions and hydrogels showed that crystalline structure of docosanol nanocrystals was conserved after milling and after hydrogel preparation. The SEM exam showed that the nanosuspension and hydrogel has similar regular crystal morphology and nanoparticles shape is spherical. Nanosuspension particles have almost the same particle size, less than 300 nm in agreement with DLS result. Hydrogel size particle showed a slight increase comparing to nanosuspension’s one which is in agreement with DLS result. Up to rheological measurement, docosanol hydrogel has a pseudoplastic behavior and small thixotropic degree. Physical stability study showed that the hydrogel is stable at 5 °C and 21°C during 13 weeks and instable above 30°C after two weeks. HPLC-ELSD determined that docosanol content is in the acceptance limit range [90% to 110%] for docosanol nanosuspension and close to 100% in docosanol hydrogel. In vitro diffusion test revealed that docosanol nanoparticles were diffused from hydrogel through polycarbonates membranes that was greater for the 800 nm pore membrane, while the commercial product Abreva® does not diffuse through any of the membranes (400 nm and 800 nm). Wet ball milling is a great technique for docosanol nanosuspension preparation. Nanosuspensions can be used as base for the preparation of semi-solid nanoformulation of docosanol.
363

Ad-hoc Holistic Ranking Aggregation

Saleeb, Mina January 2012 (has links)
Data exploration is considered one of the major processes that enables the user to analyze massive amount of data in order to find the most important and relevant informa- tion needed. Aggregation and Ranking are two of the most frequently used tools in data exploration. The interaction between ranking and aggregation has been studied widely from different perspectives. In this thesis, a comprehensive survey about this interaction is studied. Holistic Ranking Aggregation which is a new interaction is introduced. Finally, various algorithms are proposed to efficiently process ad-hoc holistic ranking aggregation for both monotone and generic scoring functions.
364

Domain specificity and perceived social support across raters for children with emotional and behavioral difficulties / Social support and emotional/behavioral difficulties

Popliger, Mina E. January 2005 (has links)
The perceived availability of social support has been documented as a protective mechanism among adults and adolescents but little work has been done with children with emotional and behavioral difficulties (EBD). The current research addressed this gap in literature with a sample of teacher-nominated children with EBD. Fifty-four children (43 males, 11 females), 56 parents, and 27 teachers completed questionnaires on perceived social support and behavioral, emotional, and social functioning. Results suggest a pattern of domain specific social support relating to domain specific adjustment outcomes. Furthermore, the importance of child ratings over parent and teacher ratings of social support was evident. Significant inter-rater differences were found on ratings of social support, despite directional agreement. Finally, children with higher ratings of social support reported more positive adjustment and less negative adjustment than children with lower support ratings. Interventions that are child-centered and domain specific are suggested.
365

Deregulation In Telecommunications Sectors Of Mexico And Turkey

Furat, Mina 01 August 2004 (has links) (PDF)
National Telecommunications policies have been differentiated together with the extension of international trade, increasing importance of information in trade and the convergence of telecommunications, broadcasting and computing sectors. with the influence of these global factors, the subject of this thesis is the study of Mexican and Turkish national telecommunications policies regarding with the deregulation in telecommmunications service sector.
366

Cult Buildings In Aceramic Neolithic Southeast Anatolia: A Case Study Of Nevali Cori

Sentek, Mina 01 April 2006 (has links) (PDF)
First settlements in Southeast Anatolia begun to appear as early as 10000 BC. Among all the unanswered questions about this early period, cult-related activities and cult buildings are widely studied due to their nature, which has strong connections with the social organization and early symbolism. During the last decade, Southeast Anatolia has provided new evidence for this early stage of development in human history. This study aims to examine cult buildings that have common characteristics / how they were treated and distributed. The settlement of Nevali &Ccedil / ori and its cult building is taken as an example and studied in detail. Other cult buildings with the same or similar architectural features are included in this study in order to discuss the roots, the distribution and the continuity of this Aceramic Neolithic tradition.
367

The effect of soil moisture stress on allelopathic influence of hound's-tongue (Cynoglossum officinale L.)

Momayyezi, Mina 05 1900 (has links)
Little information on the effect of environmental stressors on hound’s-tongue interaction with associated herbivores and grasses is available. This study investigated the effect of soil moisture stress (SMS) on allelopathic influence of hound’s-tongue on a) feeding preference and growth of grasshopper (Melanoplus sanguinipes Fab.) and b) seed germination and seedling growth of Idaho fescue (Festuca idahoensis Elmer), bluebunch wheatgrass (Agropyron spicatum (Pursh) Scribn. and J. G. Sm.), and hound’s-tongue (Cynoglossum officinale L.). Hound’s-tongue plants were grown under four SMS levels [100, 80, 60, and 40% field capacity (FC)] in a greenhouse. On intact hound’s-tongue, grasshoppers preferred mid-aged leaves of plants at 40% FC; whereas there was no consistent relationship between the leaf age and the area consumed for plants at 100% FC. Grasshoppers showed no statistically significant preference for discs excised from old leaves at 100 vs. 80, 60, or 40% FC. However, analyses of pooled results showed their preference for discs from old leaves at 60 and 40% over 100% FC. In bioassays employing discs from young leaves, grasshoppers significantly preferred young leaves at 40 compared to 100% FC. In disc choices between young and old leaves of plants at the same SMS, grasshoppers preferred young over old leaves at 40% FC. The greater preference and higher growth of grasshoppers on younger leaves of plants grown under higher SMS could increase our understanding of the effect of insects’ herbivory on hound’s-tongue under various SMS in rangelands. Inhibitory effects of hound’s-tongue leaf leachate on germination of hound’s-tongue and bluebunch wheatgrass and seedling growth of grasses increased with SMS only in one Petri dish experiment. In soil, hound’s-tongue leaf leachate and leaf residue from plants grown under SMS had either no or inconsistent allelopathic effects on seedling growth of grasses. Hound’s-tongue root elongation was inhibited in soil covered with residue from 40 compared to 80% FC plants. This study suggests that SMS could increase the inhibitory effect of hound’s-tongue mother plants on growth of its seedlings, but it may not have any ecologically significant effect on the allelopathic influence of hound’s-tongue on germination and seedling growth of neighboring grasses in nature.
368

The phenomenology of conjugal bereavement /

Oak, Mina. Unknown Date (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Pacific Graduate School of Psychology, 2000. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 61-06, Section: B, page: 3286. Chair: Nigel P. Field.
369

Development of a third generation of axisymmetric drop shape analysis (ADSA) /

Hoorfar, Mina. January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Toronto, 2006. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-07, Section: B, page: 4060. Includes bibliographical references.
370

Human papillomaviruses : role in cervical dysplasia and carcinoma, and use as molecular risk marker for progression /

Kalantari, Mina, January 1900 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst. / Härtill 7 uppsatser.

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