Esta tese teve por objetivo investigar o desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta digital que auxilie professores na construção do seu plano de aula. O estudo conta com três capítulos que constituem o arcabouço teórico do problema de pesquisa e proporcionam juntos uma melhor compreensão do fenômeno que está sendo abordado. Os capítulos serão os seguintes: no Capítulo 1 a acessibilidade é apresentada, abordando os processos acessíveis de produtos, arquitetônicos e de comunicação, identificando barreiras existentes até hoje, mesmo com implantação de políticas públicas de apoio a derrubada dessas barreiras. Também são apresentadas comunicações alternativas que auxiliam sujeitos a recuperar a interação entre pares. Por último são mostrados software disponíveis e que dão suporte a familiares e professores que funcionam como um integrador dessas barreiras enfrentadas. No Capítulo 2 são apresentadas e discutidas práticas docentes na construção de planos de aula e materiais didáticos. A proposta desse capítulo é explicar o que são planos de aula, a partir das referências em autores como se elabora planos de aula e quais os recursos que podem ser utilizados. E por fim, o Capítulo 3 mostra um breve apanhado sobre Sistemas de Recomendação, um tipo de tecnologia capaz de recuperar e sugerir itens de interesse do usuário. No Capítulo 4, apresenta-se a proposta de desenvolvimento da ferramenta para auxílio a professores e as propostas metodológicas de desenvolvimento, de coleta e análise de dados para a presente tese. No Capitulo 5 são feitas as considerações finais da pesquisa além de estudos futuros. Trabalhar e compartilhar em sala de aula as diferenças, necessidades dos alunos e dos professores que por vezes mostram-se por desafios enfrentados no dia a dia. Alguns desses desafios enfrentados pelo professor, podem ser observados no momento da preparação da aula. Afim de otimizar o processo de construção de um plano de aula, esse trabalho tem a intenção de descrever o desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta para auxiliar o professor na criação de planos de aula, no qual, envolveu o acoplamento desta a um sistema de recomendação para sugerir links, textos, vídeos e imagens disponíveis na Web. O referido sistema de recomendação teve a ele integrado um verificador de acessibilidade para que os materiais produzidos pudessem contemplar critérios de acessibilidade de acordo com recomendações da W3C. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com 20 professores de diversas áreas que validaram a ferramenta a partir de questionário, utilização da ferramenta e produção de plano de aula. A partir da análise dos dados, observou-se que os professores que não conheciam acessibilidade mudaram seus conceitos e reformularam seus planos de aula para que fossem avaliados positivamente com relação a acessibilidade de conteúdo. Esses professores também certificaram a importância da recomendação de conteúdo para complementar e aumentar o conteúdo do seu plano de aula. / This doctoral thesis aims at investigating how digital tools can help teachers build lesson plans. The thesis is composed of three chapters that make up the theoretical framework of the research problem, and provide a better understanding of the phenomenon approached here. Chapter 1 presents the question of accessibility, addressing the accessible processes of products, architecture and communication, identifying obstacles up to the present, even with the implementation of public policies to support the removal of these obstacles. We also present alternative communications that help individuals to regain peer interaction. Chapter 2 presents teaching practices in developing lesson plans and teaching materials. The purpose of this chapter is to explain what lesson plans are, how they are developed and which resources could be used. Working and sharing the differences in class are challenges faced in everyday life, and some of these challenges, faced by the teachers, can be observed when preparing the class. In order to optimize the process of creating a lesson plan, this study describes the development of a tool to assist teachers in the task, which involved coupling a recommendation system to suggest links, texts, videos and images available on the web, topic addressed in chapter 3. The recommendation system has an embedded accessibility checker so that the materials produced could address accessibility criteria according to the W3C recommendations. In Chapter 4, we present the work connected to the development tool to help teachers and the methodological proposals for development, data collection and analysis of data for the present thesis. The survey was conducted with a sample of 20 teachers from several fields who validated the tool through a questionnaire, as well as the use of the tool and the development of lesson plans. From the data analysis, we could observe that teachers who were not acquainted with the accessibility issue have changed their concepts and reformulated their lesson plans in order to get a positive evaluation regarding content accessibility. Those teachers also certified the importance of content recommendation to complement and enhance the content of their lesson plans. In Chapter 5, the closing remarks of the research are presented and ideas for future studies are suggested.

Recently, overheating in British housing has received increased attention due to climate change and consequent impact on the thermal comfort and the health of building occupants. The risk of overheating becomes even larger considering the requirements for higher insulation and airtightness levels set by building regulations. Passive design strategies, such as the use of thermal mass and ventilation, for regulating indoor temperatures may improve the thermal comfort of occupants without the use of energy intensive equipment. Modern Methods of Construction (MMC) are expected to play a significant role in the future outputs of the housing construction sector. However, MMC, which generally present low levels of thermal mass, are treated with scepticism by designers since they are considered to be more prone to overheating compared to masonry constructions. Due to the lack of extensive research data on the thermal performance of these systems, however, it can be inferred that concerns may be based on the perception of the industry rather than actual data. Therefore, the work presented in this thesis investigated the risk of overheating in dwellings built with MMC. The analysis considered the performance of the constructions from various perspectives following a route from the general investigation to the more specific characteristics of the building elements. First, an investigation of the zone temperatures obtained through monitoring and through whole building dynamic simulations was performed, in an attempt to evaluate the relative performance of different construction types and building elements. Next, the interaction of the various building elements with their surrounding space was assessed through monitoring the heat flows and the temperatures on the surface of these elements in situ. Finally, a more detailed investigation of the dynamic characteristics of these elements under fixed conditions was conducted through laboratory testing and Finite Element Analysis (FEA). A parametric simulation study of ambient temperatures in a timber frame building considered the potential to use non-traditional materials for regulating internal temperatures. Results showed that overheating was an issue in most of the zones examined for the conventional timber frame construction. The use of additional materials resulted in reduced overheating levels of up to 85% in some cases; this evidence may be used to inform designers when considering measures to reduce the overheating risk of MMC. In another study of two houses built with different construction methods, it was found that the timber frame and modern masonry walls had very similar performance, with the latter presenting slightly reduced levels of overheating in some cases (up to 12% lower compared to timber frame). Monitoring the heat flows at the surface of the building elements in situ as well as through laboratory testing and FEA showed that difference in performance between masonry constructions and MMC was not always as clear as expected from the construction characteristics of the elements. It was clear that conventional masonry constructions do not benefit fully from the increased mass and had comparable performance with some MMC. Phase Change Materials (PCM) were also found more responsive than conventional plasterboard in situ, although some discrepancy compared to the theoretical performance was identified. The findings of this study may be useful for designers so that optimum use of the benefits of thermal mass is made.

In general, one of the significant aims of conservation for a historical settlement is saving the authentic physical settings and presenting the residents’ culture to the public for reproducing the sense of the place and to pass down its culture to next generations. As same as the fact that it is impossible to retain every perspective of history; in practical aspects of heritage conservation, it is impossible to protect and demonstrate everything of a place. The different selections of historical materials variously describe historical stories, memories and the meanings of a place. On a conserved historical site, the conservation strategies and practices and visitors’ experiences construct the presented narratives of the place. However, still a lot of narratives that offer other meanings of the place are neglected. Starting with an analysis of theories about the meaning of spaces, this research set uses a multi-layered framework for analysing what the narratives of the conserved sites are presenting. The framework integrates history studies, physical settings analysis, and narratives studies; and then the three aspects may affect people’s conception and perception about the historical landscape. Their experiences may apply to reform the landscape and may product new narratives of the historical landscape. Before analysing the narratives of Military Dependants Villages (MDVs), this research critically reviews the visions of current cultural heritage conservation; and then it suggests that the criteria of valuing heritage are changeable following the changes in political, economic, social or cultural conditions over time. Furthermore, protecting the authenticity of a heritage is not only keeping its original circumstance, but also has to concern the needs of present people; they have to strike a balance to present the real situation of a historical site. Also, on the aspect of the distinction between tangible heritage and intangible heritage, this research suggests that the feature of combining tangible and intangible aspects of significance in one cultural property should be considered when practicing a conservation project. In addition, on the aspect of the authenticity of contemporary conserved heritage, this research suggests that the authenticity of a conserved heritage cannot be objective, but subjective, and it exists in the communication between people who are related with the site via their perceptions and conceptions. Based on the suggested multi-layered framework and the suggestions for current cultural heritage conservation, this research set out to explore the narratives of conserved MDVs of Taiwan. First, from the perspective of the history of conservation in Taiwan, the conservation activities of MDVs reveal that the conserved sites are no longer political tools that serve for government and the residents gradually turned their sights from China to the Taiwan where they now live and to the history of the place when the sense of protecting heritage gradually grew among people. Furthermore, this research analysed the meaning of MDVs from the macro perspective, which are relating to the development history of these villages and their spatial and general image, and from the perspective of narratives that are dependent on subjective experiences. The former perspective represents the general image about the conserved MDVs among people; and that is the image of MDVs introduced in museums. The residents’ and people’s narratives and perspectives of organisations about MDVs are neglected. Thus, the perspective of narratives offers other meanings of MDVs and enriches the cultural diversity of MDVs. Last, this research analysed visitors’ experiences to check the result of the conservation strategies of MDVs; and found that MDVs have get rid of the image of ghettos and started to integrate into the society of Taiwan. Moreover, most visitors think that the conserved sites are leisure places with a historical and nostalgic atmosphere. Therefore, this thesis contributes to offer an analytic framework to explore comprehensive meaning and dynamic sense of place of historical landscape, e.g. MDVs. The analyses can be used to check the results of conservation strategies applied on historical sites. According to the analysis of MDVs and results of conserved MDVs, this thesis suggested the Cultural and Creative Quarter for Tangible and Intangible Heritage of MDVs and Integrated Conservation are two better strategies.

The aim of this research was to investigate the thermal performance of Double skin facades (DSFs) for office buildings in Amman. Special attention was given to the role of cavity-integrated shading slats. The study was conducted through a parametric study concerning configuration and design parameters of both DSF’s cavity and shading slats, in addition to boundary conditions. For the purpose of this study, a CFD-Fluent model was developed and validated. Besides, a new method for more accurate representation of solar radiation (as boundary conditions) was developed. Both RNG k-ε and SST k-ω turbulence models were used. The Discrete ordinates (DO) radiation model with non-gray option was selected for modelling of radiation heat transfer. Simulations confirmed that both the width of the cavity and the size and arrangement of openings would have a significant impact on overall performance of the system. The aspect ratio (H/W) of the cavity would further impact its operation, which could contribute to 77% and 26% increase in ventilation and temperature for inner glass surfaces, respectively, of a simple cavity. In addition, among other design parameters, the size and surface emissivity of integrated slats would have the largest influence on the natural ventilation rate in the cavity. The inner glass surface temperature is mainly influenced by the inclination angle and position of these slats in addition to the internal and external environmental conditions. The influence of these slats is also dependent on the aspect ratio of the cavity. Detailed design of these slats would play a further role, together with the boundary conditions (incidence angle) and other design parameters of the cavity (H/W aspect ratio). In Amman, DSFs were shown to have a good performance during heating seasons, as they would enable indoor thermal comfort and ventilation requirements to be met by passive means. During cooling seasons, DSFs with integrated slats would also be able to reduce total solar heat gains if sufficient ventilation could be provided for its cavity. However, artificial cooling is still required for such a hot climate. Controlling the cavity openings is highly recommended for both scenarios. It is recommended that the cavity width is at least 0.6m, the glass transmittance is about 0.8, the size for integrated slat is 20% of the cavity width, and the optimum surface emissivity of the slats is about 0.2. Slats should preferably be placed at mid of cavity or be adjustably according to the seasonal requirements. Optimum inclination angles for slats were found to be 45° degrees and 30° degrees for summer and winter, respectively. General recommendations and design guidelines were provided.

This thesis investigates the so-called 'Dutch' houses of east Kent constructed between 1550 and 1750. The buildings represent a localised, east Kentish reflection of a broader Netherlandish architectural tradition visible elsewhere in England and globally where the 'Dutch' had a notable presence. East Kent was chosen, as previous research focuses predominantly on gable shapes and attributes the buildings to fashion or 'strangers' from the Low Countries. Moreover, existing contextualisation overlooks local circumstances and architectural developments across England and Europe. Hence this study explores why the buildings look like they do, are where they are and are regarded as 'Dutch'. Hundreds of 'Dutch buildings' have been analysed using a questionnaire, classification and typology, and the results contribute to knowledge in several important ways. Firstly, the buildings' external appearance and 'Dutchness' are now more clearly intelligible. Above all, the 'Dutch houses' are unique constructions rather than copies of structures in the Low Countries. Their hybrid, relatively homogeneous, Anglo-Netherlandish appearance reflects Flemish and Dutch stylistic inspiration, and incorporates numerous features perceived to be Netherlandish. Secondly, archival research enables an informed judgement on strangers' involvement in constructing the 'Dutch houses'. Since most examples have no documented Netherlandish links and are concentrated in clusters irrespective of where Netherlanders lived, direct input by the strangers is less likely than the local propensity towards 'Dutchness' and wider Anglo-Netherlandish cultural climate. Thirdly, such broader contextualisation has identified additional factors encouraging the development of the 'Dutch houses' including the proximity of east Kent to London and the continent, its above average wealth and the indirect effects of the strangers' presence. Fourthly, a subjective visual approach to assessing the buildings has been pioneered, which has reinterpreted and redefined their 'Dutchness'. Finally, investigations into timings and locations have resulted in a novel developmental timeline for Netherlandish influence on east Kentish buildings.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura, Florianópolis, 2014. / Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-06T17:54:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 326968.pdf: 1138429 bytes, checksum: 71c183b744675a7567a535aa9812cd28 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Este trabalho propõe o estudo da memória e da ruína em alguns escritos de Felisberto Hernández (1902-1964) valendo-se, para tanto, de um corpus composto principalmente pelos seguintes textos: Por los tiempos de Clemente Colling (1942), El caballo perdido (1943) e Tierras de la Memoria (1944-1965). Pretende-se neles verificar como se dá a problematização da ruína encontrada, entendida como fragmentos de tempo e espaço, ou objetos de memória, o que desencadeia a leitura benjaminiana das imagens que se abrem contrariamente para um tempo anacrônico. Este tempo disjuntivo e tensionado entre Cronos e Aion, resulta do que Jacques Rancière percebe no escritor que viaja pelos labirintos do mundo social e, mais tarde, pelos labirintos do "eu". Para tanto, proponho este estudo partindo das reflexões de Walter Benjamin, que problematiza o tempo ao escovar a história a contrapelo, e que também assim é entendida como um método de trabalho.<br> / Resumen : Este trabajo propone el estudio de la memoria e de la ruina en algunos escritos de Felisberto Hernández (1902-1964), donde se utilizará un corpus compuesto principalmente por los siguientes textos: Por los tiempos de Clemente Colling (1942), El caballo perdido (1943) e Tierras de la Memoria (1944-1965). Se pretende verificar en ellos como se da la problematización de la ruina encontrada, entendida como fragmentos de tiempo y espacio, u objetos de la memoria, lo que desencadena la lectura benjaminiana de las imágenes que se abren contrariamente para un tiempo anacrónico. Este tiempo disyuntivo y tensionado entre Cronos y Aion, resulta de lo que Jacques Rancière percibe en el escritor que viaja por los laberintos del mundo social y, más tarde, por los laberintos del "yo". Para tal, propongo este estudio partiendo de las reflexiones de Walter Benjamin, que problematiza el tiempo al cepillar la historia a contrapelo, y que también así es entendido como un método de trabajo.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura, Florianópolis, 2014. / Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-06T18:03:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 327432.pdf: 2912348 bytes, checksum: 7b052684ded4ee2c2998c8d86bd007ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Este trabalho versa sobre a tensão entre a morte e a origem na nouvelle La muerte y la niña (1973) do escritor uruguaio Juan Carlos Onetti. Para efetuar esta leitura, propomos primeiramente um diálogo intratextual, Onetti com Onetti, bem como trazemos à discussão a fortuna crítica, que já reflete acerca desta tensão. Em seguida, abordamos o conceito de origem em suas variadas representações. Com estas discussões, nos aproximamos de La muerte y la niña através de alguns conceitos de Maurice Blanchot.<br>

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura, Florianópolis, 2014. / Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-06T18:08:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 328101.pdf: 4070939 bytes, checksum: a4e066826abc00f5cf7e72a2b2eff1a8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Ver, pensar e escrever (com) o outro inumano é postular um pensamento em crise, no qual o homem não é mais a origem nem o fim. A literatura que evidencia essa crise e o seu diálogo com perspectivas antropológicas, estéticas e filosóficas não-antropocêntricas compõem o campo de análise provocado pela questão: pode a máquina literária (Deleuze) deter a máquina antropocêntrica (Agamben)? O percurso por uma rede de narradores de diferentes épocas busca um traço de animalidade no olhar e na escrita flâneur, desde que Restif de La Bretonne propôs, no século XVIII, a associação entre o repórter/narrador e o modo de uma ave noturna de enxergar as zonas de sombra das cidades. A constituição da categoria do narrador-coruja orienta uma cartografia denominada narrativas do escuro, que percorre diversas textualidades com a tarefa de testemunhar o desaparecimento dos povos humanos/inumanos diante dos olhos do contemporâneo (Didi-Huberman). A análise da relação privilegiada entre a escritura e o devir-animal e vegetal (Deleuze) sustenta a postulação do desaparecimento do autor (Barthes, Foucault) e do "sem-sujeito" derridiano como um lugar profícuo para a abertura ao outro inumano (Lyotard). Essa experiência é observada em uma rede de escrituras que salientam o inumano, sobretudo em Clarice Lispector, onde a instauração do it como uma pronominalidade neutra se conecta ao sentido de humanidade-todos dos povos ameríndios. O animal aparece não só como temática, mas principalmente como método, linguagem, perspectiva e plano de composição. Além dos romances clássicos da autora, a análise busca narrativas menos visitadas pela crítica literária, a exemplo do conto "A menor mulher do mundo" e das lendas indígenas brasileiras reunidas e recontadas no livro/calendário "Como nasceram as estrelas". A pesquisa aprecia o desencadeamento dos devires involutivos e minoritários e o modo fabular de narrativa, que reenvia para o mito da indiscernibilidade entre homens e animais. Também estabelece pontos de contato entre perspectivismo nietzschiano e perspectivismo ameríndio, xamanismo, antropofagia e etnologia da arte africana na análise do impacto entre corpos humanos e animais no corpo da escritura. Finalmente, postula, com Lyotard, a construção de uma sintaxe do inumano que opera no esgarçamento dos limites da linguagem e a liberta do modo frásico em que o sujeito é, desde sempre, dono do enunciado. Buscando transpor o mutismo inumano que se contrapõe como silêncio eloquente ao surdismo humano, essas narrativas remontam ao mito da indiscernibilidade entre homens e animais. Participam, dessa forma, da postulação de uma literatura do constrangimento que afirma, com Benjamin e Lévi-Strauss, um inconformismo político e estético em relação à incomunicabilidade entre os seres humanos, a natureza e as coisas.<br> / Résumé : Voir, penser et écrire lautre inhumain, c'est postuler une pensée en crise, dans laquelle l'homme n'est plus l'origine ni la fin. La littérature qui témoigne de cette crise, et le dialogue entre les perspectives anthropologiques, esthétiques et philosophiques non-anthropocentriques composent le champ d'analyse induit par cette interrogation: la machine littéraire (Deleuze) peut-elle "détraquer" la machine anthopocentrique (Agamben)? Le parcours effectué à travers un réseau de narrateurs de différentes époques cherche à mettre en évidence une dimension d'animalité dans le regard et dans l'écriture, à commencer par Restif de la Bretonne qui propose, au 18ème siècle, d'associer le reporter/narrateur à l'oiseau de nuit capable de voir l'invisible dans les zones d'ombre des villes. En constituant la catégorie du narrateur-hibou on dresse une cartographie des récits de l'obscur, qui parcourt différentes textualités en tentant de témoigner de la disparition des peuples humains/inhumains sous les yeux du contemporain (Didi-Huberman). L'analyse de la relation privilégiée entre écriture et devenir-animal et végétal (Deleuze) soutient le postulat de la disparition de l'auteur (Barthes, Foucault) et du «sans-sujet» (Derrida) comme lieu propice à l'ouverture à l'autre inhumain (Lyotard). Cette expérience est observée dans un réseau d'écritures qui mettent en relief l'inhumain, notamment chez Clarice Lispector, chez qui l'instauration du it comme pronominalité neutre est connectée à l'idée d'humanité interespèces des peuples amérindiens. Le thème de l'animal est abordé non seulement comme thématique, mais surtout comme méthode, langage, perspective et point de vue. Au-delà des romans classiques de cette auteure, l'analyse vise des récits moins visités par la critique littéraire, tel que la nouvelle «La plus petite femme au monde» et des légendes amérindiennes brésiliennes relues et racontées dans le livre-calendrier «Comment sont nées les étoiles». La recherche évalue l'enchainement des devenirs involutifs et minoritaires ainsi que le mode de la fable dans le récit qui renvoie au mythe de l'indiscernabilité des hommes et des animaux . Dans ce sens, la recherche établit également des points de contact entre le perspectivisme nietzschéen et le perspectivisme amérindien, chamanique, l'anthropophagie et l'ethnologie de l'art africain pour analyser l'impact de la rencontre des corps humains et animaux dans le corps de l'écriture. On évalue finalement la construction d'une syntaxe de l'inhumain, qui opère dans le déchirement des limites du langage et dans la libération par rapport au mode phrastique qui installe le sujet comme centre de la parole et maître du signifié. La surdité humaine en comparaison avec le mutisme animal, en tant que silence éloquent que ces récits et légendes visent à transposer, participe, avec Benjamin et Lévi-Strauss, au postulat d'une littérature de la gêne, qui affirme un non-conformisme politique et esthétique en relation avec l'incommunicabilité entre l'homme, la nature et les choses.

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura, Florianópolis, 2014. / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-05T20:20:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 328375.pdf: 2655406 bytes, checksum: b284ec4ff3c85be15b884dc58be077c6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Esta tese de doutorado em Literatura analisa a imagem e a semelhança como condições essenciais na experiência literária de Stéphane Mallarmé e Maurice Blanchot, mais especificamente nas obras Igitur e Thomas l'Obscur, procurando compreendê-las como máscaras mortuárias na literatura, fato esse permitido pela noção blanchotiana de "meio absoluto", relacionado ao devir-imagem da linguagem na literatura.<br> / Résumé : Cette thèse de doctorat en littérature analyse lrimage et la ressemblance comme des conditions essentiels dans lrexpérience littéraire de Stéphane Mallarmé et Maurice Blanchot, surtout dans les oeuvres Igitur et Thomas l?Obscur, en essayant de comprendre les masques mortuaires dans la littérature, ce qui est permis par la notion blanchotienne de Rmilieu absolur, par rapport au devenir-image du langage dans la littérature.

Made available in DSpace on 2012-09-05T18:23:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) 86.pdf: 5754562 bytes, checksum: 2a7deeaa4dd1fb4c336d357d9fb06b70 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001 / Tem o propósito de investigar os possíveis efeitos adversos associados à gravidez na adolescência no Município do Rio de Janeiro-MRJ. A tese foi apresentada sob a forma de artigos. No primeiro deles, observa que entre 1980 e 1995, ao contrário das taxas de fecundidade que vêm diminuindo nas mulheres com 20 anos e mais, houve um crescimento das taxas de fecundidade nas adolescentes, em especial no grupo de 10 a 14 anos. No segundo artigo, säo comparadas as características socioeconômicas, a assistência pré-natal e o estilo de vida de três grupos de puérperas, um composto por adolescentes (menor ou igual a 20 anos) e os demais por mulheres de 20-34 anos, categorizadas segundo experiência (ou näo) de gravidez na adolescência. Foram entrevistadas 3508 puérperas no pós-parto em maternidades municipais e federais do MRJ. Na última parte do estudo, caracteriza-se o perfil das gestantes com atendimento pré-natal precário, segundo variáveis sociodemográficas, história reprodutiva da mäe, apoio familiar, satisfaçäo com a gestaçäo e comportamentos de risco durante a gravidez. Foram entrevistadas 1801 adolescentes no pós-parto imediato de maternidades públicas e conveniadas com o SUS no MRJ. A assistência pré-natal se apresenta como uma política compensatória eficiente para a prevençäo da prematuridade e do BPN, sobretudo entre as puérperas adolescentes. Aponta-se que as mäes com piores condiçöes de vida e comportamento de risco na gravidez foram as que mais ficaram à margem da assistência pré-natal. Diante do papel relevante do atendimento pré-natal, é sugerida fortemente a ampliaçäo da sua cobertura efetiva em todos os grupos sociais, sobretudo, aqueles marginalizados pela família e/ou sociedade. Cabe ressaltar a importância dos serviços de saúde na captaçäo dessas gestantes através de programas de busca ativa, enfatizando o papel fundamental dos profissionais que atuam nos Programas de Saúde da Família-PSF, ainda que sua atuaçäo esteja restrita a poucas comunidades do Município do Rio de Janeiro.