Orientador: Peter Henry Fry / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-14T16:12:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mott_YoshikoTanabe_M.pdf: 7309132 bytes, checksum: 565c2ff2f31854d5a72917e54c80152b (MD5) Previous issue date: 1976 / Resumo: Não informado / Abstract: Not informed / Mestrado / Mestre em Antropologia Social

Eucheuma spinosum is an agar (carrageenin) producing marine alga of commercial value in several countries, including Indonesia. However, its crop yield is often reduced by herbivores. In many areas, herbivores consume almost 100 percent of Eucheuma production. I investigated one way of protecting Eucheuma by application of intercropping of Eucheuma spinosum and Halimeda sp., an unpalatable alga. Laboratory and field experiments were conducted in Indonesian coastal waters. The field experiments were conducted in two areas differing in densities of the main grazer, Syganus, the rabbitfish. In the laboratory Eucheuma was significantly less consumed by Syganus sp. when associated with Halimeda. In the field, I tested two intercropping arrangements: In one, plants of Halimeda and Eucheuma were arranged at 10 cm from each other and in the other they were in direct contact. Results indicate that intercropping with Halimeda reduced density of Syganus and significantly enhanced the production of Eucheuma. At a site where Syganus density was very low, the difference between control and intercropping treatment was not significant. At sites with high Syganus density, the fish consumed all of Eucheuma in controls, while the intercropped plants survived. It is suggested that in habitats where grazing by herbivores causes local extinction, association with Halimeda can present a significant survival strategy for Eucheuma. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

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Orientador: Jonas Teixeira Nery / Coorientador: Renata Fracácio / Resumo: Este estudo analisou a variabilidade das precipitações ocorridas na área da Unidade de Gerenciamento de Recursos Hídricos Sorocaba e Médio Tietê da Região Hidrográfica do rio Tietê (UGRHI 10) e suas anomalias. Foram escolhidos 50 postos pluviométricos que representaram a área de estudo e adotou-se como intervalo de tempo o período de 1974 a 2008. Foi estudada a precipitação através dos seguintes parâmetros estatísticos: média, desvio padrão, coeficiente de variação, máximos, mínimos e amplitude. Também foi realizado a análise de séries temporais, sendo calculados os índices de concentração diário IC e mensal ICP, além da relação entre a porcentagem de dias consecutivos chuvosos e os percentuais acumulados de precipitação que contribuíram com as percentagens acumuladas de dias durante a ocorrência: PP5, PP10, PP15, PP20, PP50. A heterogeneidade da precipitação mensal foi analisada utilizando o índice de concentração da chuva (ICP), que é a quantidade de chuvas do mês, calculada para cada um dos pluviômetros e para cada ano, durante o período de estudo. A quantificação do déficit ou do excesso de precipitação em diferentes escalas de tempo foi realizada através do cálculo do Índice Padronizado de Precipitação (IPP) verificando a disponibilidade hídrica da área de estudo. Foi aplicada a Geoestatística para verificação da correlação espacial existente entre os postos pluviométricos escolhidos. No resultado destacam-se duas áreas: a primeira abrangendo as regiões sudeste e noroeste e a segunda as regiões centro-leste e centro-oeste. Na primeira que apresenta altitudes e declividades elevadas ocorreram os maiores valores do índice de concentração, enquanto a segunda que apresenta relevo suave e colinas amplas ocorreram os menores valores. Em relação as chuvas mensais, toda ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This study analyzed the variability of precipitation occurred in the area of Sorocaba Water Resources Management Unit and the Middle Tietê River Basin River Tietê (UGRHI 10) and its anomalies 50 rain gauges were chosen representing the study area and adopted as range the time period from 1974 to 2008. He was studying the fallout and its statistical parameters: mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, maximum, minimum and amplitude. It was performed the analysis of time series, with calculation of indices of daily IC and monthly ICP concentration and the relation between the percentage of rainy days in a row and the cumulative percentage of precipitation that contributed to the cumulative percentages of days the occurrence: PP5, PP10, PP15, PP20, PP50. The heterogeneous monthly rainfall was analyzed using the concentration ratio rain ICPs is the amount of rainfall in the month calculated for each of the gauges and for each year during the study period. The quantification of the deficit or excess rainfall in different time scales was performed by calculating the Standardized Precipitation Index (IPP) checking the water availability in the study area. It was applied to Goestatistics to verify the existing spatial correlation between the selected rainfall stations. In the result we highlight two areas: the first covering the southeast and northwest and the second the central-eastern region and the midwest. In the first presenting elevations and slopes occurred the highest values of the concentration index and the second presenting mild relief and large hills showed the lowest values. Regarding the monthly rainfall, the entire unit had moderate concentration. The year 1983 was humid presenting excess rainfall, as noted in its positive IPP values since 1985 was a dry year with rainfall deficit where the biggest negative IPP were ... (Complete abstract electronic access below) / Mestre

Orientador: Flávia Arlanch Martins de Oliveira / Banca: Tânia Regina de Luca / Banca: Célio José Lomak / Resumo: A presente dissertação analisa os desdobramentos sócio-culturais resultantes do processo de modernização em Jaú, entre 1890/1920. Ao percorrermos fontes diversas como as Atas e Projetos de Leis da Câmara, jornais, um almanaque e a obra de um memorialista, identificamos o desejo latente dos segmentos dominantes jauenses em implementar um projeto modernizador na localidade. A aristocracia agrária, detentora do poder político e econômico e aglutinadora de outros setores sociais que almejavam a modernização, passou a elaborar propostas de normatização do espaço urbano com vistas a tornar a área central um cartão de visitas. Com tal finalidade foram feitas obras de embelezamento e tentativas de higienização. Essa intervenção no espaço urbano atendia ao jogo político local. Dois grupos oligárquicos disputavam, frente ao eleitorado, a realização de melhoramentos, objetivando a permanência no poder e a construção de uma memória sobre o processo de modernização. Concomitamente a essas questões, a penetração das novas tecnologias e das novidades inerentes à cultura da modernidade no meio local iam mudando lentamente o estilo de vida e o cotidiano dos jauenses. O impacto social decorrente desse processo também foi visível. As contradições sociais estavam à mostra através da exclusão daqueles que não se adaptavam ou não se enquadravam nos ditames da ideologia burguesa do progresso. / Abstract: Not available. / Mestre

Os polihidroxialcanoatos (PHA) são poliésteres bacterianos. Na sua biossíntese, a PHA sintase incorpora monômeros 3HA à cadeia polimérica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o potencial da PHA sintase de 2 isolados do gênero Burkholderia sp. na produção de copolímeros. Construiram-se linhagens recombinantes que abrigavam os genes da PHA sintase classe I, em mutantes de Pseudomonas sp. e Burkholderia sacchari, que não acumulam PHA. Foram realizados ensaios de acúmulo de PHA usando glicose como fonte de carbono, apresentando a produção de unidades de 3HB, 3HO e 3HD nas linhagens recombinantes de Pseudomonas sp. As linhagens recombinantes de B. sacchari incorporaram como único constituinte P(3HB). Ensaios de acúmulo de PHA foram realizados nas linhagens recombinantes de B. sacchari, usando como co-substratos diferentes ácidos graxos, sendo detectada a incorporação de unidades de 3HV e 3HHx além do 3HB, quando foram fornecidos acido hexanóico e valérico. Estes resultados indicam que as PHA sintases classe I são capazes de incorporar diferentes unidades monoméricas. / The polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are bacterial polyester. In their biosynthesis, the PHA synthase incorporates monomers 3HA to the polymer chain. The objective of this work was to study the potential of PHA synthase of 2 isolates of the genus Burkholderia sp. in the production of copolymers. Were constructed recombinant strains that housed the genes of PHA synthase class I mutants of Pseudomonas sp. and Burkholderia sacchari, which do not accumulate PHA. PHA accumulation assays were performed using glucose as carbon source, showing the production of units of 3HB, 3HO and 3HD in recombinant strains of Pseudomonas sp. The recombinant strains of B. sacchari incorporated as single constituent P(3HB). PHA accumulation assays were performed on the recombinant strains of B. sacchari, Using as co-substrates different fatty acids, being detected the incorporation of units of 3HV and 3HHx beyond the 3HB, when were supplied hexanoic acid and valerico. These results indicate that the PHA synthases class I are able to incorporate different monomer units.

Previously, the natural£]-carboline metabolites as potent antitumor and antival agents have spurred a great interest on the synthetic and pharmacological studies of£]-carboline derivatives. Herein, a simple synthetic method by the application of Pictet-Spengler reaction and DDQ oxidation allowed the preparation of 1-substituted£]-carboline derivatives. Compounds 88-91 were synthesized from tryptamine and N-substituted-3-carbazole carboxaldehyde via Pictet-Spengler cyclization. Then, oxidation of compounds 88-91 by DDQ provided compounds 92-95. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods. Biological screening revealed that compounds 88 and 93 possessed in vitro cytotoxicties against two tumor cell lines (KB, Hepa), respectively. The ED50 value of compound 88 showed cytotoxicities against Hepa (Human hepatoma) tumor cell lines were 1.12 £gg/ml. The ED50 value of compound 93 showed cytotoxicities against KB (Human oral epidermoid carcinoma) tumor cell lines were 0.48 £gg/ml. On the other hand, the marine sponge Cacospongia sp. was collected along seashore area of Lan-Yu in Taiwan. Fractionation of the MeOH/CHCl3 extract by using silica gel column chromatography yielded a dauble bond isomer fasciculatin (97). The structure of 97 was identified by UV¡BIR¡BMS¡B1D and 2D NMR.

The chemical constituents of organic extracts of the Formosan soft corals Sinularia sp. and Sinularia lochmodes were studied. Investigation on Sinularia sp. has led to the isolation of eight compounds (1-8), including four new compounds, 1£\,3£]-dihydroxy-24S-methylcholesta-5,9-diene (1), 1£\,3£]-dihydroxy-24-methylencholesta-5-ene (2), 1£\,3£]-dihydroxy -24S-methylcholesta-5-ene (3), sinularioperoxide E (4), and four known compounds, 7-isopropenyl-1,4a-dimethyl-decahydro-naphthalen-1-ol (5), £]-dictyopterol (6), N-(4-hydroxyphenethyl)-3-methyldodecanamide (7), (Z)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-3-methyldodec-2-enamide (8). Also, investigation on the chemical constituent of Sinularia lochmodes has led to the isolation of two new compounds, lochmolin A (9) and lochmolin B (10). The structures of 1¡V10 were elucidated by spectroscopic evidences (1D NMR, 2D NMR, IR, and MS). The activity of compounds 2-6 to inhibit the pro-inflammatory iNOS and COX-2 protein expression of LPS-stimulated RAW-264.7 macrophage cells have been estimated.

Rūta Urbonaitė Arthrobacter spp. plazmidžių tyrimas SANTRAUKA Arthrobacter genties bakterijos yra plačiai tiriamos visame pasaulyje. Jomis domimasi, kadangi įvairūs minėtos genties kamienai sugeba utilizuoti skirtingus pesticidus, N-heterociklinius junginius ir kitus pramonės produktus (pvz. ftalatus). Taigi, bakterijos gali būti panaudotos dirvos detoksikacijai. Nustatyta, kad Arthrobacter sp. kamienai, sugebantys degraduoti minėtus junginius, dažnai turi katabolines plazmides, kuriose yra išsidėstę degradacijos fermentus koduojantys genai. Šios genties skirtingi kamienai turi plazmides, kurių dydis įvairuoja nuo 41 iki 380 kb. Pagrindinis mano darbo tikslas buvo sukonstruoti hibridinį vektorių, kuriame būtų Arthrobacter sp. replikacijos baltymų operonas ir kuris veiktų Arthrobacter genties bakterijose. Pirmiausia, iš VP3 ir PRH1 kamienų buvo išskirtos plazmidės atitinkamai pVP3 ir pPRH. Atlikus 16 sDNR analizę, paaiškėjo, kad abu kamienai priklauso Arthrobacter rhombi genčiai. Buvo nustatyta abiejų plazmidžių seka: pVP3 yra 6135 bp dydžio, GC sąstatas 64,6%, pPRH plazmidės dydis 5000 bp, jos GC sudaro 66%. Abiejų plazmidžių GC reikšmės patenka į Arthrobacter sp. chromosominei ir plazmidinei DNR būdingų reikšmių intervalą: 59%-66%. Atlikus kompiuterinę analizę pVP3 plazmidėje buvo nustatyti 9 ORF, ilgesni nei 200 bp, o pPRH plazmidėje – 6 ORF. Pavyko identifikuoti tik 4 pVP3 plazmidėje aptiktus atviro skaitymo rėmelius (ORF1, ORF3, ORF6 ir ORF7). pPRH plazmidės buvo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Rūta Urbonaitė Investigation of Arthrobacter spp. Plasmids SUMMARY Arthrobacter sp. is being investigated very widely all over the world. Researchers are interested in this genus, because various strains of Arthrobacter sp. are capable to utilise different pesticides, N-heterocyclic compounds and other industrial products (phthalate). So, they can be used in the soil detoxification. It was identified, that Arthrobacter sp. strains capable to utilise above mentioned compounds usually harbour catabolic plasmids, where degradation genes are located. Different strains of this genus harbour plasmids, which size vary from 41 to 380 kb. The main objective of my work was to construct hybrid vector, which had the origin of replication from Arthrobacter sp., as there were no suitable plasmid vectors available for gene cloning and expression purposes for Arthrobacter species until the end of the year 2005, when appeared annoucement about plasmids pART2 and pART3. At first plasmids pVP3 and pPRH were extracted from strains VP3 and PRH1, respectivelly. According to the 16S rDNA analysis, both these strains belong to Arthrobacter rhombi species. Both plasmids were sequenced and it was determined, that pVP3 is 6135 bp size and has GC content of 64,6%, pPRH plasmid is 5000 bp size and it’s GC content is 66%. The GC content of both plasmids are in the range of 59% to 66% for the genus Arthrobacter. Computer analysis revealed 9 ORFs longer than 200 bp in pVP3 and 6 ORFs in pPRH. Only four ORFs... [to full text]

Orientadora: Tania Regina de Luca / Banca: Marcos Luiz Bretas da Fonseca / Banca: Priscila David / Resumo: A pesquisa fundamenta-se na análise dos casos cotidianos de violência veiculados pelo Jornal de Assis (1920-1963) e A Notícia (1935-1949) entre os anos de 1935 a 1939, na cidade de Assis, São Paulo. A violência, conceito polissêmico, é uma das temáticas presentes nas notícias policiais, que abarcaram gama diversificada de danos a vida: homicídio, suicídio, estupro, assaltos, difamação, sequestro e violência doméstica, para citar uma lista não exaustiva. Trata-se de verificar como ocorreu a percepção deste fenômeno nos casos publicados pelos jornais e acompanhar seu desfecho nos processos crimes que originaram, além de se apontar para o emaranhado das relações entre criminalidade e sociedade, o judiciário, a polícia e a imprensa local. Para tanto, o trabalho propõe-se a investigar o perfil dos acusados e das vítimas, os locais dos crimes, os precedentes e as ações situacionais do delito, além das agravantes inusitadas do acontecido, decisivas ao uso estratégico da linguagem sensacionalista. Tais aspectos podem indicar os critérios de seletividade dos impressos, que nas mãos dos grupos dirigentes informaram determinadas ocorrências em restrição ás outras demais. O período recoberto distingue-se, no plano interno, por um rol de eventos políticos que culminaram com o Estado Novo em 1937 e o consequente cerceamento das liberdades civis, e, em âmbito internacional, pela tensa situação que antecedeu o início da Segunda Guerra Mundial. Foram anos de radicalização ideológica, engajamentos apaixonados e incertezas quanto ao futuro. O desvendamento dos caminhos trilhados pela imprensa numa cidade do interior paulista que, à época estava na fronteira da expansão agrícola, requer olhar atento ao contexto político e socioeconômico da região e pode colocar para refletir sobre a demarcação, na imprensa brasileira... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This research is based on the analysis of the daily cases related to violence and reported by Jornal de Assis (1920-1963) and A Notícia (1935-1949) from 1935 to 1939, in Assis, São Paulo. Violence, polysemic definition, is one of the topics covered on police news, which provoked several damage to human life, such as murder, suicide, rape, assault, defamation, kidnapping and domestic violence. This study aims to verify the perception of this phenomenon in the cases published by the journals and monitor its outcomes in the criminal proceedings originated during that period, besides pointing to the tangle of relations between crime and society, the judiciary, the police and the local press. Moreover, the study tried to investigate the profile of accused and victims, the places of crimes, the precedents, situational actions of crimes and aggravating facts, which were decisive for strategical use of sensationalist language. These aspects may indicate the criteria used for selecting the printed news by leading groups that noticed some occurrence, but restricted others. The evaluated period coincides with many political internal events that culminated in the Estado Novo in 1937 and restriction of civil liberties. Internationally, the assessed period corresponds to critical situation preceding the beginning of Second World War. There were many years of ideological radicalization, passionate engagements and uncertainty about the future. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the political and socioeconomic aspects of the region to uncover the directions guided by the press in a city of interior of São Paulo, which was undergoing an agricultural expansion. In addition, it enables to reflect on demarcation, Brazilian press and journalistic practices such as sensationalism and faits divers, considered important components for the suggested problems / Mestre