<p>The study introduces and puts forward Sector Policing as a model to expand Community Policing and to broaden the scope of crime prevention. It also demonstrates how Sector Policing can be utilised to decentralise policing and deepen community participation.</p>

In this study, it is aimed to examine the community policing model in the active citizenship and civil renewal context. The study begins with investigating basic concepts and theories of citizenship, good governance, crime prevention, policing models and interconnection of concepts. Community policing relies on the concept of active citizenship that requires active involvement of citizens into decision making mechanism of public institutions to tackle the problems of community. Community policing is also supposed to be a police reform in the light of governance principles. The structure and working principles of police organization should be reviewed according to these principles. In this framework, community policing efforts of Turkish police, its reflections in society and the needs of police organization are analyzed. It is tried to reach a comprehensive explanation about the implementation of community policing model. To reach the goal of the study interviews held with citizens and police officers. The results of interviews provide an opportunity to comprehend the facts and to determine the view of public on the possible related changes in practice. At the end of the study, it can be said that community policing has democratic policing and problem solving functions but the core element of this model, participation, is a complex and dynamic process that is highly unpredictable and difficult to control. In addition, citizen-focused policing requires a cultural and operational reform. That is why, it is not an easy transformation process. It is concluded that community policing is an applicable model for Turkish Police with its challenges.

<p>The study introduces and puts forward Sector Policing as a model to expand Community Policing and to broaden the scope of crime prevention. It also demonstrates how Sector Policing can be utilised to decentralise policing and deepen community participation.</p>

Abstract The role of policing within western democratic countries has become increasingly clouded. This nebulous role of policing has been impacted upon by such issues as, the diversity and complexity of social change, the advances achieved within the technology field and the increasing amount of legislation that has been passed in an endeavour to accommodate such changes. Over the decades these developments have required policing organisations to shift their focus from the original crime prevention in conjunction with community collaboration to one which is predominantly incident driven and enforcement focused. Through the adoption of various strategies utilising technology, beginning with the motor vehicle, the police organisation has also progressively widened the gap between itself and the community being policed. With the widening of this gap such traits as trust, familiarity, co-operation and information exchange between the two parties has declined. This appears to have a domino effect on the fear of crime and social disorder within the community, thus impacting on the quality of life of community members. Within recent decades some of the traditional policing practices - including random preventive patrol, rapid response and the need for additional police because of increasing crime - have been questioned and researched. The findings of these research projects have not supported the effectiveness of such policing strategies. The role of policing, thus comes into question and a return to the historical role of policing espoused when Sir Robert Peel established the London Metropolitan Police and drafted the Principles of Policing, which was issued to each newly appointed constable, is being revisited. This has been promoted in the form of the 'community policing' concept. This community policing concept is stated as consisting of three core components - personalised policing through a police officer being stationed within a set geographic area; police-community partnership and problem-solving. However, in order to establish and maintain a viable partnership, both parties must participate and be aware of what the partnership entails. Similarly, with problem-solving both the community and police must identify and prioritise the local community problems. Both of these core components are bonded together through the appointment of a police officer within the community providing personalised policing. This shift in policing focus would necessitate changes both within the police organisation and the community itself. It must be remembered that the reactive, incident driven model of policing has been in existence for several decades and changing such a model will require some time. Thus, the effective implementation of community policing requires an agreement as to what community policing means and then a marketing and training program so that at the outset both parties are on an equal footing. As for the problem solving component of community policing, the parties to the partnership need to accommodate the differing foci of the opposite party. From the policing perspective, this requires accepting input from the community rather than maintaining a controlling demeanour. The police therefore, need to adopt an approach espoused by Wilson and Kelling (1982) in their article titled, 'Broken Windows: The Police and Neighbourhood Safety' which has been discussed in several literary works dealing with the community policing concept [Edwards 2001; Kenney (ed) 1989; Trojanowicz & Bucqueroux 1994]. The community also needs to be involved and this can be achieved initially, by maintaining support and enthusiasm for the community policing activities initiated. The success of implementing community policing relies on the adoption of the core components. The two community policing components, police-community partnership and problem-solving are impacted on by the third core component of personalised policing within a particular area. The personalised policing component is the need to have stable and reasonably enduring police personnel deployed to respective community locales. By adding this factor to the community policing components there is provided a degree of continuity and thus both parties develop a degree of familiarity which can lead to trust and confidence. The implementation of community policing to this extent needs to be holistically addressed through the police organisational dimensions, namely the philosophical, the strategic and the programmatic. Through these dimensions a comprehensive development of the community policing concept can be undertaken.

"January 2002". / Thesis (DEd)--Macquarie University, Australian Centre for Educational Studies, School of Education, 2003. / Bibliography: p. 229-246. / Introduction: police education and police practice -- "Police": a definition -- Policing in a democratic society: the role dilemma -- Contemporary policing: a convergence of ideas -- Role conception: the United Kingdom -- Development of policing: Australia and the United States of America -- The nature of crime -- The police response: effectiveness and outcomes -- The perceptions and expectations of stakeholders -- The police culture -- The police organisation -- Police education and training: models of learning -- Police education and training: providers -- Police education and training: evaluation of 'training' models -- Police education and training: evaluation of 'professional models' -- Police education and training: evaluation of 'professional/academic' model -- Police education and training: evaluation of experience -- Conclusion. / A perception of escalating social disorder and allegations of police corruption and ineptitude have led to a social and political imperative to reform policing. Fundamental to this reform is the modification of the core mission of the police and the operational practices of the uniformed Constable. The core characteristics of policing and the operational practices of the uniformed Constable are determined by the core mission and the operational context of policing. -- Despite an imperative to reform the quality and provision of police services to the community the core mission of the police has not fundamentally altered during the last half century and remains crime control (Zaho, 1996). The core mission of contemporary policing has been criticised for being in direct conflict with basic democratic principles and for being simply unachievable. This thesis will establish that the origins and occurrence of crime, its prevalence and persistence is detennined by social, economic and cultural factors that are beyond the control of the police. It will be argued that long-term successful law-enforcement in a democratic society requires the acceptance, cooperation and approval of the community. Community oriented policing may provide the theoretical framework for internalising normative controls and for enhancing public participation in and sharing responsibility for crime control. -- It will be demonstrated that the strategc shift in policing implicit within the theoretical framework of community policing has significant implications for the reform of police . education and training. Several commentators and various Commissions of Inquiry have recommended upgrading police education and training, and the participation of police in tertiary education. -- The reform of police practice is contingent upon the reform of the core mission and the operational context of policing. The core mission and the operational context of policing is substantially defined, controlled and manipulated by the perceptions, expectations and actions of stakeholders. Directly or indirectly these have been found to be antithetical to alternative models of policing that are service orientated; thus blocking, diluting or redirecting efforts to implement community policing. -- Unless the core mission of the police and the operational context of policing are substantially modified then police education will continue to have a limited impact upon the operational practices of the uniformed Constable. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / xxi, 246 p

Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2005. Graduate Programme in Political Science. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 261-278). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNR11575

Submitted by Gustavo Gomes (gustavolascasas@gmail.com) on 2014-03-13T12:58:52Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Mudancas organizacionais na implementacao do policiamento comunit??rio.pdf: 604665 bytes, checksum: 13e0453f2c1827727bc37c1de535851c (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Roger Guedes (roger.guedes@fjp.mg.gov.br) on 2014-03-13T18:04:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Mudancas organizacionais na implementacao do policiamento comunit??rio.pdf: 604665 bytes, checksum: 13e0453f2c1827727bc37c1de535851c (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-03-13T18:04:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Mudancas organizacionais na implementacao do policiamento comunit??rio.pdf: 604665 bytes, checksum: 13e0453f2c1827727bc37c1de535851c (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002 / Funda????o Jo??o Pinheiro / Discute as implica????es, de natureza organizacional, do processo de mudan??a do modelo convencional, profissional-burocr??tico de policiamento, para o modelo, hoje t??o difundido, de policiamento comunit??rio. Demonstra que a transi????o de uma estrat??gia organizacional para outra implica mudan??as significativas na estrutura e car??ter da organiza????o, com altos custos para a estabilidade organizacional. Foi feita uma discuss??o de natureza te??rica sobre tens??es estruturais entre modelos organizacionais distintos, buscando, oportunamente, ilustrar esta discuss??o com exemplos que sirvam como evid??ncias emp??ricas do argumento apresentado. Delineou-se, com o aux??lio da teoria das organiza????es, quais foram as altera????es relacionadas ao processo de implementa????o de tais mudan??as, do ponto de vista organizacional. Chegou-se a conclus??o que n??o ?? poss??vel a implementa????o do policiamento comunit??rio, portanto, mantendo-se a atual estrutura organizacional da pol??cia. / Defesa e Seguran??a

236f. / Submitted by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-09-05T14:10:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE-Gleise Passos-COMPLETA-Versão Final.pdf: 20308144 bytes, checksum: dabd8fe25185c3e6b6c684482ba8fd26 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Portela(anapoli@ufba.br) on 2013-09-05T16:52:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE-Gleise Passos-COMPLETA-Versão Final.pdf: 20308144 bytes, checksum: dabd8fe25185c3e6b6c684482ba8fd26 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-05T16:52:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE-Gleise Passos-COMPLETA-Versão Final.pdf: 20308144 bytes, checksum: dabd8fe25185c3e6b6c684482ba8fd26 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / FAPESB / O aumento da criminalidade nas últimas décadas provocou respostas que, em geral, tenderam a duas direções opostas no que se refere às políticas públicas de segurança - de um lado, endurecimento, de outro, abertura à participação comunitária. A preocupação em controlar a violência tem levado tanto ao reforço da punitividade como recurso do Estado Punitivo, quanto à tentativas de aproximação da polícia com a população, a exemplo do policiamento comunitário. Na América Latina, frente à crise de legitimidade que as polícias passaram com a transição do autoritarismo à democracia, o modelo comunitário de policiamento foi usado como uma tentativa de recuperar prestígio. No Brasil, o policiamento comunitário surge como a grande sugestão de alternativa ao policiamento tradicional. Também chamado de “Polícia Cidadã”, aposta na integração com a comunidade e na prevenção como solução para os problemas de segurança. Incorpora, portanto, uma nova dinâmica de reciprocidade e corresponsabilidade entre sociedade e polícia, valorizando uma atuação pautada em valores democráticos. Dentro e fora do Brasil, o policiamento comunitário foi proposto e louvado como a solução tanto para os problemas de segurança quanto para as dificuldades de integração entre polícia e sociedade, entretanto, importa saber até onde a implantação desse policiamento resultou em solução e, de fato, conseguiu distinguir-se do policiamento tradicional. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo teve como objetivo principal analisar a estruturação do policiamento comunitário na cidade de Aracaju iniciado em 1996 e caracterizar o perfil das demandas por segurança assim como a participação social na implementação dessa política pública, relacionando esses elementos à redução da violência. Para tanto, a metodologia da pesquisa consistiu num estudo de caso sobre o policiamento comunitário na cidade de Aracaju, entre os anos de 2007 e 2010, integrando o uso de técnicas qualitativas e quantitativas, a saber: pesquisa documental e de arquivo; análise de fontes estatísticas; pesquisa bibliográfica com apoio teórico na Sociologia Política; entrevistas semiestruturadas com membros da população dos bairros escolhidos e gestores públicos envolvidos com o policiamento comunitário no estado; observação participante em reuniões dos Conselhos de Segurança dos bairros estudados e em outros eventos relacionados à segurança pública. The criminality increase in the last decades caused answers that, in general, tended to two opposite directions regarding to the public policies of safety – on one hand, hardening, on the other, opening to the common use participation. The worry in controlling the violence has been carrying to punishment reinforcement as Punitive State resource as well as the police approach attempts with the population, like the Community policing. In Latin America, faced with the legitimacy crisis that the polices passed through with the authoritarianism transition to the democracy, the community model of policing was used as an attempt to recover prestige. In Brazil, the community policing arises as the great optional suggestion to the traditional policing. Also called “Citizen Police”, it bets on integration with the community and in the prevention as solution for the safety problems. It incorporates, therefore, a reciprocity and co-responsibility new dynamics between society and police, giving credit to an action ruled in democratic values. Inside and outside Brazil, the community policing was proposed and praised as the solution to safety problems as well as integration difficulties between police and society, however, it matters to know up to certain point the implantation of this policing resulted in solution and, in fact, managed to distinguish itself from the traditional policing. In this sense, the present study had as main goal to analyze the structuring of the community policing in the city of Aracaju initiated in 1996 and to characterize the demands profile for safety as well as the social participation in the implementation of this public policies, relating these elements to the violence reduction. For that, the research methodology consisted in a study of case on the community policing in the city of Aracaju, between the years 2007 and 2010, integrating the use of qualitative and quantitative techniques, namely: Documental and file research; Analysis of statistical sources; Bibliographical research with theoretical support in the Political Sociology; semi structured interviews with population members of the chosen districts and public managers involved with the community policing in the state; And involved observation in meetings of the safety council of the studied districts and in other events related to public safety. / Salvador

DOURADO, Larissa Façanha de Mattos. Comprometimento com o trabalho de policiais militares do Programa Ronda do Quarteirão do Ceará. 2014. 136f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Psicologia, Fortaleza (CE), 2014. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-09-02T14:28:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_dis_lfmdourado.pdf: 2199913 bytes, checksum: 103bca8145330916332f6bd3e730366c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-09-02T14:38:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_dis_lfmdourado.pdf: 2199913 bytes, checksum: 103bca8145330916332f6bd3e730366c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-02T14:38:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_dis_lfmdourado.pdf: 2199913 bytes, checksum: 103bca8145330916332f6bd3e730366c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / The present work is an analysis of the dimensions of the construct "commitment at work" in the context of military professional officers linked to the Ceará City Block Patrol Program. The identification of the related psychological dimensions was determined according to the perception of these military professional officers’ practices by the application of a scale and by the conduction of a focus group. The main objective was to characterize the work commitment from the perception of the police themselves, in order to analyze their relationship with their professional practice in parallel to a questioning of the proposed model of community policing “Ronda do Quarteirão – City Block Patrol”. The survey sample focused on the City Block Patrol members who volunteered to answer the scale and to take part in a focus group, which aimed to improve the comprehension of the variables related to the core category of the study. It was also applied a six dimension scale, that differentiates the type of commitment in six psychological dimensions as proposed by Rego in a digital version in Google Forms, The data were treated by simple descriptive statistics though the SPSS software, while the data collected in the focus group were transcribed and interpreted and liked to those collected by the quantitative approach. Based on the quantitative results, we found low levels in all dimensions of commitment concerning the applied scale. Qualitative data confirmed that information regarding the low job satisfaction indicated by professional. There is though a gap between the professional practices and the proposed model of community model of intervention by the police, which has its origins in other cultures. It is possible to conclude that the context of the work of the City Block Patrol has negative traits that can prevent an improvement of the affective nature of commitment, by presenting a wide gap between the goal and philosophy of City Block Patrol Model and their actual practices. They feel themselves criticized by reference members of the Program as well as threatened by them, what can discourages them in a curate and previously intended working practice. The research findings could also contribute to increase the conceptual appliance of Psychology within the investigated field and open the possibility for future studies focusing intervention and reflection on police training and psychological health issues in this occupational expanding category. / A dissertação apresenta uma análise das dimensões do construto “comprometimento com o trabalho” no contexto profissional dos policiais militares do Ceará vinculados ao Programa Ronda do Quarteirão. A identificação das dimensões psicológicas relacionadas foi averiguada de acordo com a percepção dos policiais quanto à sua prática profissional a partir da aplicação de escala validada e realização de grupo focal. O objetivo principal foi caracterizar o comprometimento no trabalho a partir da percepção dos próprios policiais, na tentativa de analisar sua relação com a sua prática profissional em paralelo a uma problematização da proposta do policiamento comunitário do Ronda do Quarteirão. A amostra de pesquisa se concentrou em policiais do Ronda que se voluntariaram a responder a Escala e alguns em participar presencialmente de um grupo focal cujo intuito era de compreender melhor as variáveis relacionadas com a categoria central do estudo. Foi utilizada também a Escala Hexadimensional, que diferencia o tipo de comprometimento a partir de seis dimensões psicológicas proposta por Armênio Rego, adaptada para uma versão digitalizada no Google Forms. As informações coletadas foram tratadas mediante estatística descritiva simples e tabulação de dados com uso do software SPSS. Os dados coletados no grupo focal foram transcritos e interpretados a partir do cruzamento com dados quantitativos. Com base nos resultados quantitativos, encontraram-se níveis baixos em todas as dimensões do comprometimento. Os dados qualitativos confirmaram tal informação por considerarem a prática muito distante das propostas de policiamento comunitário que utilizam como modelo, este advindo de práticas internacionais que diferem bastante da cultura cearense. Conclui-se que o contexto de trabalho dos policiais do Ronda apresenta características que impactam negativamente num maior comprometimento do tipo afetivo, por apresentar uma grande lacuna entre o objetivo e a filosofia do Ronda e a prática policial. Os policiais do Ronda se veem criticados e ameaçados por uma questão de segurança pública que julgam envolver instâncias muito maiores do que eles, fato que os desmotiva com sua profissão antes tão sonhada. No mais, os achados da pesquisa e análises contribuem para aumentar o nível conceitual da psicologia dentro do campo investigado, bem como abre possibilidade de estudos futuros com objetivos voltados à intervenção e reflexão sobre a formação policial e o sofrimento psíquico desta categoria profissional que se encontra em expansão.

Submitted by Paulo Junior (paulo.jr@fgv.br) on 2010-05-26T21:10:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LILIBETH CYNTIA.pdf: 417182 bytes, checksum: c2698e48fb51625671adcdd39f8aa9c1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Paulo Junior(paulo.jr@fgv.br) on 2010-05-26T21:10:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LILIBETH CYNTIA.pdf: 417182 bytes, checksum: c2698e48fb51625671adcdd39f8aa9c1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2010-05-27T13:26:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LILIBETH CYNTIA.pdf: 417182 bytes, checksum: c2698e48fb51625671adcdd39f8aa9c1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-07-04 / This paper aims to describe community policing, correlating with the actions implemented in the Amazon, and analyzing the perception of actors involved in public security system on this model. The national and international experience show that the adoption of this model requires structural changes, administrative and organizational. Community participation is a key feature of this model. The system of public security of Amazonas not yet fully adopts the Community model, despite appear in his project to revitalize procedures similar to the model, as interaction between civilian police and military installation of Interactive Community Councils of Public Security, although these are not regulated legally. An important factor in this process relates to perceptions of the actors involved in need take a broad view about the police action. The interviews with the actors involved in the system of public safety shows that the current model does not meet the expectations of society as both the institution. The community policing is seen as an alternative capable of assisting in improving the system. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever o policiamento comunitário, correlacionando com as ações implementadas no Amazonas, e analisando a percepção dos atores envolvidos no sistema de segurança pública sobre este modelo. As experiências internacionais e nacionais demonstram que a adoção deste modelo requer mudanças estruturais, administrativas e organizacionais. A participação comunitária é uma das principais características deste modelo. O sistema de segurança pública do Amazonas ainda não adota integralmente o modelo comunitário, apesar de constar em seu projeto de revitalização procedimentos semelhantes ao modelo, como interação entre a polícia civil e militar e instalação dos Conselhos Interativos Comunitários de Segurança Pública, embora estes não estejam regulados legalmente. Um fator importante neste processo diz respeito à percepção dos atores envolvidos que necessitam ter uma visão ampla sobre a atuação policial. As entrevistas realizadas com os atores envolvidos no sistema de segurança pública demonstram que o atual modelo não atende as expectativas tanto da sociedade quanto da própria instituição. O policiamento comunitário é visto como alternativa capaz de auxiliar na melhoria do sistema.