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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
91

Sistemática de Ecliminae Hall, 1969 (Diptera,Bombyliidae) / Systematics of Ecliminae Hall, 1969 (Diptera, Bombyliidae)

Rodrigues, Paula Fernanda Motta 08 December 2015 (has links)
Os Bombyliidae constituem uma das maiores famílias de Diptera, com mais de 5000 espécies conhecidas em todo mundo, sendo a família de moscas com maior representatividade nas regiões desérticas da Terra. Os adultos são predominantemente heliófilos e alimentam−se de néctar, hábito que os tornam importantes polinizadores. Os estágios jovens são pouco conhecidos. Atualmente os Bombyliidae encontram−se divididos em 16 subfamílias e 18 tribos. A subfamília Ecliminae inclui nove gêneros, com ocorrências em todas as regiões geográficas, exceto na Oriental. Esse trabalho teve como objetivos: levantar caracteres morfológicos para utilização em análise cladística da subfamília Ecliminae; testar a monofilia da subfamília e dos gêneros incluídos; e propor uma hipótese de relacionamento filogenético entre os gêneros e espécies de Ecliminae. O material analisado nesse estudo incluiu exemplares provenientes de coleções nacionais e internacionais, via empréstimo e observação in locu. O estudo comparativo dos caracteres morfológicos foi conduzido à luz da teoria da Sistemática Filogenética. Para tanto, foram construídos 219 caracteres morfológicos e realizadas análises cladísticas, sob pesagem igual e implícita dos caracteres. A análise com pesagem igual resultou em um conjunto de 10 árvores igualmente parcimoniosas (P=1070; IC, excluindo os caracteres autapomórficos=29; IR=63), cujo consenso estrito apresentou algumas politomias dentro do gênero Eclimus. A análise com pesagem implícita resultou em uma árvore mais parcimoniosa (P=1082; IC, excluindo os caracteres autapomórficos=28; IR=63), muito mais resolvida em comparação ao consenso estrito sob pesagem igual. A subfamília Ecliminae é polifilética, uma vez que a espécie Thevenetimyia ziegleri posicionou-se fora do grupo. Para recuperar a monofilia do clado, propôs−se a retirada dessa espécie, para qual se sugeriu a criação de um gênero novo ainda não nomeado. Os gêneros Tillyardomyia, Paratoxophora, Marmasoma, Palintonus, Cyrtomyia e Lepidophora tiveram sua monofilia recuperada. Os gêneros Eclimus e Thevenetimyia mostraram-se parafiléticos. Assim sendo, propôs−se Thevenetimyia como sinônimo júnior de Eclimus. Além disso, o presente trabalho reduziu o status taxonômico de Ecliminae para tribo (Eclimini), uma vez que o grupo posicionou−se dentro da subfamília Bombyliinae, corroborando o resultado obtido por YEATES (1994) em sua análise cladística de Bombyliidae. / The Bombyliidae constitute one of the largest families of Diptera, with more than 5000 species known worldwide, being the family of flies with more known records in the desert regions of the earth. Adults are predominantly heliophilous and feed on nectar, an habit that makes them important pollinators. The immature are poorly known. Currently the Bombyliidae are divided into 16 subfamilies and 18 tribes. The Ecliminae subfamily includes nine genera, with occurrences in all geographic regions except the Oriental. This study aimed: to raise morphological characters for use in cladistic analysis of Ecliminae subfamily; to test the monophyly of the subfamily and included genera; and to propose a hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships among the genera and species of Ecliminae. The material analyzed in this study included specimens from national and international collections, by loans and studies in locus. The comparative study of morphological characters was conducted in the light of the theory of phylogenetic systematics. To do so, it was built 219 morphological characters and the cladistic analyzes was carried out under equal and implicit weighing. The analysis with equal weighting resulted in a set of 10 equally parsimonious trees (P = 1070, CI, excluding the autapomorphic characters = 29; RI = 63), whose strict consensus showed some polytomies within the genus Eclimus. The analysis with implied weighing resulted in a more parsimonious tree (P = 1082, CI, excluding the autapomorphic characters = 28; RI = 63), more resolved than the strict consensus tree on equal weighting. The Ecliminae subfamily is polyphyletic, since the species Thevenetimyia ziegleri was placed outside the group. To retrieve the monophyletic clade, it is proposed the withdrawal of this species, for which it is suggested the erection of a new genus not yet named. The genera Tillyardomyia, Paratoxophora, Marmasoma, Palintonus, Cyrtomyia and Lepidophora had their monophyly recovered. The genera Eclimus and Thevenetimyia proved to be paraphyletic. Therefore, it is proposed Thevenetimyia as being a junior synonym of Eclimus. In addition, this study reduced the taxonomic status of Ecliminae to tribe (Eclimini), once the group is positioned itself within the Bombyliinae subfamily, corroborating the results obtained by YEATES (1994) in his cladistic analysis of Bombyliidae.
92

The community of higher Diptera associated with sedge meadows (Carex, Cyperaceae) in southern Quebec /

Beaulieu, Frederic. January 2000 (has links)
The higher Diptera (Brachycera) fauna of sedge meadows (Cyperaceae, Carex) was studied at the Lac St. Francois National Wildlife Area in southern Quebec. Flies were collected weekly from May to October 1999 using sweeping and pan traps at three sampling sites representing two types of Carex habitat. Over 10,000 specimens, representing 34 families and more than 300 species, were collected. Dolichopodidae, Chloropidae, Sciomyzidae, Syrphidae and Sphaeroceridae were highest in species richness in all sites, and Ephydridae were very high in two of the sites. The above families, along with Phoridae, Chamaemyiidae and Muscidae, were also the most abundant. Overall species composition differed between sites and is apparently influenced by the type of vegetation and substrate. Correspondence analysis was used to investigate the habitat preferences of the 37 most abundant species. The feeding habits and host plants of many Diptera species were newly established by rearing adults from plants infested by larvae.
93

Behavioral interactions between predator and prey and their influence on an invasive species in container habitats

Kesavaraju, Banugopan. Juliano, Steven A. January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 2007. / Title from title page screen, viewed on February 11, 2008. Dissertation Committee: Steven A. Juliano (chair), Diane L. Byers, L. Philip Lounibos, Charles F. Thompson, William L. Perry. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 152-163) and abstract. Also available in print.
94

Revisão taxonômica e análise cladística de Oidardis Hermann (Diptera: Asilidae: Laphriinae: Atomosiini) / Taxonomy and cladistic analysis of Oidardis Hermann, 1912 (Diptera: Asilidae: Laphriinae: Atomosiini)

Lucas de Araujo Cezar 13 May 2011 (has links)
Oidardis e um genero neotropical de pequenas moscas predadoras, distribuido em areas florestais da Costa Rica a Argentina. Ele inclui, ate agora: O. aenescens, O. aveledoi, O. curopaoensis, O. gibba, O. gibbosa, O. nigra, O. triangularis. Este estudo teve como objetivos: redescrever todas as especies conhecidas de Oidardis; descrever novas especies; elaborar uma chave de identificacao para todas as especies do genero; testar a monofilia de Oidardis; testar a validade das sinonimias assumido pelos autores antigos e recuperar as relacoes filogeneticas entre especies conhecidas de Oidardis. Um total de seis especies foram redescritas e ilustradas seis especies novas descritas e ilustradas. O. nigra e proposto como um novo sinonimo de O. triangularis.A analise de parcimonia foi realizada com 14 taxons internos (seis especies validas; seis especies ainda nao descritas; Eumecosoma tarsalis e E. shropshirei), quatro taxons como grupos externos (Ommatius orenoquensis Bigot, Perasis sp., Dissmeryngodes sp. e Strombocodia sp.). Considerou 79 caracteres morfologicos, incluindo de genitalia masculina. O material examinado foi obtido a partir de importantes museus e colecoes do mundo. A analise retornou uma hipotese mais parcimoniosa (L = 299, CI = 0,38, Ri = 0,42). A monofilia de Oidardis foi recuperada, com base na suave curvatura da margem lateral do olho, entre outras apomorfias. Os resultados preliminares mostram Eumecosoma como parafiletico em relacao a Oidardis, mas uma melhor amostragem do grupo e necessaria, antes de quaisquer mudancas nomenclaturais sejam realizadas. As sinoni mias previamente propostas no genero aparentemente estao corretas, com base na reconstrucao filogenetica. Dentro de Oidardis, alguns grupos bem apoiados foram recuperados com destaque para: O. sp. n. 6 como grupo- irmao de O. sp.n.2, devido a sua morfologia distinta de gibosidade facial e cerdas do mystax. Sua estreita relacao com O. aenescens, com base nas cerdas escutelares marginais muito curtas, alem de outros caracteres.As duas especies venezuelanas O. aveledoi e O. curopaoensis recuperadas como especies-irmas. O. sp. n. 1 e sp O.. n. 4 formou um grupo devido ao seu padrao de coloracao do torax semelhante. Cor, em geral, foi um atributo muito importante para a hipotese como um todo. Uma analise desconsiderando esses caracteres retornou uma hipotese pouco informativa para o genero, mantendo-se basicamente o grupo (O. sp. n. 6, O. sp. n. 2). / Oidardis is a neotropical genus of small robber flies, distributed in forest areas from Costa Rica to Argentina. It included, so far: O. gibbosa, O. aenescens, O. triangularis, O. gibba, O. nigra, O. aveledoi and O. curopaoensis. In this study, we attempted to: redescribe all known species of Oidardis, describe new species and elaborate an identification key for all the species of the genus; test the monophyly of Oidardis; test the validity of the synonymies assumed by former authors; and recover the phylogenetic relationship between known species of Oidardis. A total of six species were redescribed and illustrated and six new species described and illustrated. O. nigra is proposed as a new synonim for O. triangularis. A parsimony analysis was performed with 14 ingroup taxa (six valid species; six undescribed species; Eumecosoma tarsalis and E. shropshirei), four outgroup taxa (Ommatius orenoquensis Bigot, Perasis sp., Dissmeryngodes sp. and Strombocodia sp.) and 79 morphological characters, including male genitalia. Examined material was obtained from museums and collections worldwide. The analysis returned one most parsimonious hypothesis (L=299, Ci=0,38, Ri=0,42). Monophyly of Oidardis was recovered, based on lateral eye margin smoothly curved, in lateral view and other apomorphies. Preliminary results shows Eumecosoma as being paraphyletic in relation to Oidardis, but a better sampling of it is necessary before any nomenclatural changes are made. Synonimies proposed by former authors seem to be accurate. Within Oidardis, some well supported groups were recovered with remarks to: O. sp. n. 6 as sister-group of O. sp. n. 2, due to their distinct morphology of facial swelling and macrosetae of the mystax. Their close relation to O. aenescens, based on the very short marginal scutellar setae, plus other characters. The two Venezuelan species O. aveledoi and O. curopaoensis, recovered as sister-taxa. O. sp. n. 1 and O. sp. n. 4 formed a group due to their similar color pattern of the thorax. Color, in general, was a very important attribute to the whole hypothesis. An analysis disconsidering these characters returned an unresolved hypothesis for the genus, retaining basically the (O. sp. n. 6, O. sp. n. 2) group.
95

Endossimbionte Wolbachia em moscas-das-frutas do gênero Anastrepha (Tephritidae) e em vespas parasitóides (Braconidae) associadas / Endosymbiont Wolbachia in fruit flies (Tephritidae) and in associated parasitoid wasps (Braconidae)

Rodrigo de Oliveira Mascarenhas 04 May 2007 (has links)
Amostras, de oito espécies de moscas-das-frutas do gênero Anastrepha e de seis espécies de vespas (Braconidae) parasitóides à elas associadas, coletadas em diferentes localidades do Brasil, foram estudadas para uma detecção e caracterização das linhagens da bactéria endossimbionte Wolbachia. A detecção e identificação de Wolbachia foram feitas pela amplificação e seqüenciamento de um fragmento do gene wsp (Wolbachia “surface protein”). As seqüências obtidas foram comparadas com seqüências depositadas no GenBank mostrando que todos os fragmentos amplificados e seqüenciados eram realmente provenientes de Wolbachia. Das espécies de Anastrepha, infecção pela Wolbachia foi encontrada em A. amita, A. obliqua, A. macrura, A. montei, A. picklei, A. sp.1 aff. fraterculus e A. sp.2 aff. fraterculus, exceto na amostra de A. serpentina. Dentre as seis espécies e braconídeos estudados, apenas as duas amostras de Asobara Anastrephae e uma amostra de Opius bellus, não apresentaram infecção. Já as oito amostras de Doryctobracon areolatus, duas de D. brasiliensis, uma de D. fluminensis, três de Opius bellus e cinco de Utetes Anastrephae apresentaram-se infectadas por essas bactérias. Foram identificadas 21 linhagens distintas de Wolbachia, sendo oito mais divegentes e as demais apresentando pequenas variações. Duas amostras de A. obliquaestavam infectadas com mais de uma linhagem de Wolbachia, enquanto que as demais espécies de Anastrepha abrigavam apenas uma linhagem da bactéria. Entre os braconídeos, quatro amostras populacionais de U. Anastrephae e uma de D. brasiliensis apresentaram múltipla infecção, enquanto que as demais espécies exibiram apenas uma única linhagem de Wolbachia associada. Foram detectadas linhagens distintas da bactéria entre diferentes amostras de uma mesma espécie, assim como, uma mesma linhagem bacteriana está presente em populações de mais de uma espécie do himenóptero. U. Anastrephae foi detectada parasitando quatro diferente espécies de Anastrepha, tendo sido observado que a mesma linhagem de Wolbachia que infectava as moscas-das-frutas também infectava o parasitóide. Além disso, a análise filogenética indicou que as bactérias Wolbachia que infectam os braconídeos aqui estudados exibem uma alta similaridade com linhagens presentes em insetos não relacionados taxonomicamente mas que, em alguns casos, habitam regiões neotropicais. O conjunto de resultados sugere que eventos de transferência horizontal das bactérias entre esses insetos possam ter ocorrido. / Detection and characterization of infection by the bacteria Wolbachia were done in samples of eight species of the fruit fly Anastrepha and six species of their parasitoid wasps (Braconidae), collected in several localities in Brazil. The presence and identification of the Wolbachia strains were performed by amplificaton and sequencing of a fragment of the Wolbachia wsp gene. Comparisions of the sequences with the data on the GenBank confirmed that the amplified fragment were from Wolbachia. The endosymbiont was found in Anastrepha amita, A. obliqua, A. macrura, A. montei, A. picklei, A. sp.1 aff. fraterculus e A. sp.2 aff. fraterculus, but not in the sample of A. serpentina. Among the six species of braconids only samples of Asobara Anastrephae and one sample of Opius bellus were not infected. The eight samples of Doryctobracon areolatus, two of D. brasiliensis, one of D. fluminensis, three of Opius bellus and five of Utetes Anastrephae were infected by these bacteria. Twenty one distinct strains of Wolbachia were detected, eight of which having a higher level of distinctiveness than the others, which showed slight variation. Two out of the four samples of Anastrepha obliqua were infected by more than one strain of Wolbachia, while a single strain of bacteria was found in the other Anastrepha species. Among the braconids, four samples of U. Anastrephae and one sample of D. brasiliensis showed multiple infection, and single strains of Wolbachia were found in the other species of parasitoids. It was found that a same strain of Wolbachia may be present in different host species, either fruit fly or the parasitoids, as well as, that the same host species may present different strains of bacteria. The braconid U. Anastrephae was found parasiting four different species of Anastrepha, and in every case and samples, the same Wolbachia strain was found in both, the fruit fly and its parasitoid. Moreover, a phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Wolbachia strains infecting the fruit flies and the parasitoid wasps here studied showed a high similarity to strains present in other phylogentic non-related insects, some of which inhabiting neotropic regions. The data suggest that horizontal transfer of Wolbachia might have occurred in these two groups of insects.
96

The community of higher Diptera associated with sedge meadows (Carex, Cyperaceae) in southern Quebec /

Beaulieu, Frederic. January 2000 (has links)
No description available.
97

Induction of embryonic and larval diapause in Aedes togoi (Theobald) (Diptera:Culicidae)

Galka, Brian Edward 03 October 2016 (has links)
Aedes togoi (Theobald) from Vancouver, B.C. may enter diapause in either the egg or the larval stage. Larval diapause occurred in the 4th instar, when immatures were maintained at 16°C or less, at photoperiods shorter than 12h light/day. The critical photoperiod was calculated as LD 10.9:13.1 at 16°C. Larvae which did not pupate after 40 days at the experimental conditions were assessed as being in diapause. Non-diapause larvae reached the pupal stage in 17-20 days at 16°C. At 14°C, 100% of the larvae diapaused at LD 10:14. Temperatures of 18°C or higher, at LD 10:14, resulted in no larval diapause. Embryonic diapause resulted when immatures, adults and eggs were maintained at temperatures ranging from 22 to 28°C, at photoperiods shorter than 15h light/day. The critical photoperiod was calculated as LD 15.3:8.7 at 25°C, and LD 14.4:9.6 at 22°C. There was no diapause when the population was maintained at 24°C LD 16:8. An experiment was conducted to determine if a simulated dawn/dusk of 90 minutes/day would increase mating success. After three days at the experimental conditions, there was no difference in mating success between populations of males and females maintained with a dawn/dusk period and those maintained at the same photoperiod where the light/dark change was abrupt. / 1986
98

Seasonality and life history parameters of necrophagous Diptera (insecta) in Hong Kong, with special reference to the effect of foodlimitation on Hemipyrellia ligurriens Wiedemann (Calliphoridae) andBoettcherisca formosensis Kirner & Lopes (Sarcophagidae)

So, Ping-man., 蘇炳民. January 1987 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Zoology / Master / Master of Philosophy
99

Bionomics of the genus Cullicodes Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), at Lac Serpent, Quebec.

Duffy, D. N. January 1979 (has links)
No description available.
100

Survey of dragonfly from certain parts of Thailand /

Kasin Chanthachume, Yupha Rongsriyam, January 1979 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (M.Sc. (Tropical Medicine))--Mahidol University, 1979.

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