I. Dyes were prepared by coupling para- and meta- nitroaniline and alpha-naphthylamine with aceto-acetanilide. II. Intermediates were prepared by condensing para- and meta-nitroaniline and alpha-naphthylamine with aceto-acetanilide. III. Dyes were prepared by diazotizing aniline and coupling with the para- and meta-nitro-aceto-acetanilide. To the present writing, our attempts to couple diazotized aniline with aceto-acet-alpha-naphthylamide have failed because of the extreme insoluble character of the intermediate. / M.S.

Near-IR dyes that absorb and emit in the red visible or near-IR region have attracted great interest in the fields of medicinal chemistry and biochemistry for the last few decades. This interest is due to the multiple notes of metal ions in biological and enviromental processes. Therefore the development of cation selective and sensitive sensors have been a hot subject for many researchers. Consequently, fluorescence based sensors are the most efficient and favorable ones among its counterparts in the field of sensor research. In this study, we have targeted to synthesize BODIPY based near-IR dyes as a selective fluorophore for Zn (II) and Hg (II) cations. We have also demonstrated that the versatile BODIPY fluorophore can be functionalized for long wavelength emission on the 3 and 5 position of the BODIPY core with multiple and distinct functional groups in a stepwise manner. Thus we are able to link two BODIPY cores with a different absorption wavelengths to each other first time with click chemistry strategy to generate a chemosensor for Hg (II) cation.

Metal complex dyes are a problematic group of substances, present in the negatively charged anion form in mixed industrial wastewater that should be removed. Therefore, a complete removal of these hazardous dyes from wastewaters is necessary to prevent them from release into the environment. Adsorption on activated carbon of dyes has been investigated widely. However some disadvantages using activated carbon in practice were observed, e.g. high regeneration costs and production of fines due to the brittle nature. Since their adsorption capacities, mechanical strength, and other properties need further improvement for wider application, the polymeric sorbents are still under development as a potential alternative to activated carbons. The main aim of the present work was to investigate absorption regularity metal complex Lanasyl Navy M-DNL and Acid Blue 249 (copper (II) phthalocyanine) dyes on synthetic ion exchangers under static conditions and evaluate facility of ion exchangers to removal dyes from wastewaters by dynamic conditions. Screening with chromium-complex dye (acid brown NKM, Lanasyn Navy M-DNL) solutions wide range sorbents, according to the physical chemical characteristics of sorbents and established dye removal parameters (sorption capacity, distribution coefficient and sorbent regeneration) has shown that the polyacrylic, gel type, weakly basic anion exchanger Purolite A 847 (A 845); polystyrene, macroporous, strongly basic anion exchanger Purolite A 500 PS... [to full text] / Pagrindinis aplinkosauginės politikos bruožas yra taršos metalo dažikliais mažinimas gamybos metu ir efektyvių šalinimo iš nuotekų metodų paieška. Regeneruojami, mechaniškai atsparūs ir nekenksmingi gamtai polimeriniai sorbentai naudojami dažikliams valyti yra pranašesni už plačiai paplitusias aktyvintąsias anglis. Ištyrus polimerinių sorbentų sorbcines ir regeneracines savybes, nustačius palankias darbines sąlygas, sorbentai gali būti pritaikomi nuotekų valymui, o išvalytas vanduo grąžinamas atgal į gamybinius procesus. Tokiu būdu, vandens ištekliai gali būti apsaugoti nuo taršos sunkiaisiais metalais ir organiniais junginiais, sumažinti gamybos kaštai, nes regeneruoti sorbentai naudojami pakartotinai. Šiame darbe tiriama metalo kompleksinių dažiklių Navy M-DNL (1:2 chromo monoazo kompleksas) (Navy) ir Acid Blue 249 (Vario (II) ftalocianino tetrasulforūgšties tetranatrio druska) (CuPc) sorbcijos sintetiniais jonitais dėsningumus statinėmis sąlygomis ir įvertinti jonitų galimybes valyti nuotekas nuo dažiklių dinaminėmis sąlygomis. Geriausiai iš vandeninių tirpalų šalinantys dažiklius sorbentai atrinkti pagal geriausią sorbcinė gebą ir regeneraciją, dažiklio pasiskirstymo tirpale koeficientą yra: silpnai baziniai anijonitai Purolite A 847 (A 845), stipriai bazinis anijonitas Purolite A 500PS, nejoninis makrotinklinis sorbentas Macronet MN 200. Statinėmis sąlygomis nustatyta dažiklių (Navy ir CuPc) sorbcijai palankiausia terpė (pH 2) ir temperatūra atitinkamai dažikliui Navy... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

Pagrindinis aplinkosauginės politikos bruožas yra taršos metalo dažikliais mažinimas gamybos metu ir efektyvių šalinimo iš nuotekų metodų paieška. Regeneruojami, mechaniškai atsparūs ir nekenksmingi gamtai polimeriniai sorbentai naudojami dažikliams valyti yra pranašesni už plačiai paplitusias aktyvintąsias anglis. Ištyrus polimerinių sorbentų sorbcines ir regeneracines savybes, nustačius palankias darbines sąlygas, sorbentai gali būti pritaikomi nuotekų valymui, o išvalytas vanduo grąžinamas atgal į gamybinius procesus. Tokiu būdu, vandens ištekliai gali būti apsaugoti nuo taršos sunkiaisiais metalais ir organiniais junginiais, sumažinti gamybos kaštai, nes regeneruoti sorbentai naudojami pakartotinai. Šiame darbe tiriama metalo kompleksinių dažiklių Navy M-DNL (1:2 chromo monoazo kompleksas) (Navy) ir Acid Blue 249 (Vario (II) ftalocianino tetrasulforūgšties tetranatrio druska) (CuPc) sorbcijos sintetiniais jonitais dėsningumus statinėmis sąlygomis ir įvertinti jonitų galimybes valyti nuotekas nuo dažiklių dinaminėmis sąlygomis. Geriausiai iš vandeninių tirpalų šalinantys dažiklius sorbentai atrinkti pagal geriausią sorbcinė gebą ir regeneraciją, dažiklio pasiskirstymo tirpale koeficientą yra: silpnai baziniai anijonitai Purolite A 847 (A 845), stipriai bazinis anijonitas Purolite A 500PS, nejoninis makrotinklinis sorbentas Macronet MN 200. Statinėmis sąlygomis nustatyta dažiklių (Navy ir CuPc) sorbcijai palankiausia terpė (pH 2) ir temperatūra atitinkamai dažikliui Navy... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Metal complex dyes are a problematic group of substances, present in the negatively charged anion form in mixed industrial wastewater that should be removed. Therefore, a complete removal of these hazardous dyes from wastewaters is necessary to prevent them from release into the environment. Adsorption on activated carbon of dyes has been investigated widely. However some disadvantages using activated carbon in practice were observed, e.g. high regeneration costs and production of fines due to the brittle nature. Since their adsorption capacities, mechanical strength, and other properties need further improvement for wider application, the polymeric sorbents are still under development as a potential alternative to activated carbons. The main aim of the present work was to investigate absorption regularity metal complex Lanasyl Navy M-DNL and Acid Blue 249 (copper (II) phthalocyanine) dyes on synthetic ion exchangers under static conditions and evaluate facility of ion exchangers to removal dyes from wastewaters by dynamic conditions. Screening with chromium-complex dye (acid brown NKM, Lanasyn Navy M-DNL) solutions wide range sorbents, according to the physical chemical characteristics of sorbents and established dye removal parameters (sorption capacity, distribution coefficient and sorbent regeneration) has shown that the polyacrylic, gel type, weakly basic anion exchanger Purolite A 847 (A 845); polystyrene, macroporous, strongly basic anion exchanger Purolite A 500 PS... [to full text]

Identification of viable vat dye candidates of a trichromatic series (compatible red, yellow and blue colorants) plus an orange based on the developed single-stage acid leuco vat dyeing process for unmodified polypropylene (PP) flat woven fabrics has been achieved with adequate fastness properties to washing, crocking and dry-cleaning: C. I. Vats Orange 1, Yellow 2 and Red 1 have been certified, whereas Vat Blue 6 is a marginal candidate. Vat Blue 1 has been demonstrated to be a viable colorant for dyeing of PP fiber as a single colorant. Molecular dynamics simulation and solubility parameter (SP) approaches have been utilized to screen the potential vat dye candidates for generic PP coloration. Experimental K/S results have exhibited good correlation with the predicted mixing energy of acid leuco vat dyes-PP fiber and the calculated dyes' SP's. The low SP/mixing energy acid leuco vat dyes (e.g., C. I. Vat Red 1) have shown better color-yield/fastness properties than the high SP/mixing energy vat dyes (e.g., C. I. Vat Brown 1), exhibiting that increasing difference of SP between the vat dye and the PP fiber, coupled with a higher mixing energy of dye-PP blend, resulted in decreased interactions between the two. For example, C.I. Vat Brown 1 with its high SP and calculated mixing energy with PP gave least color yield than the certified vat dyes, all with lower SP's and mixing energies. Cross-section micrographs of the dyed fibers revealed the absence of "ring-dyeing". Experimentally determined kinetic parameters such as affinity of dyeing and heat of dyeing quantified the presence of interaction between acid leuco vat dyes and PP fiber. Tensile test and X-ray crystallinity results have confirmed that dyeing process did not alter the tensile strength and modulus of the dyed PP textiles significantly. PP Fabrics dyed with simulated continuous dyeing processes (pad-steam and pad-dry heat) demonstrated good color yields and levelness with adequate fastness to crocking, washing and dry cleaning.

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 92-93).

This study examines the dye plants in the Texas plains region and the extent of their dye-producing qualities. It describes the interest in handicrafts, lack of information on vegetable dyes in plains region, and a variety of other dye details.

Lack of crystalline order and microstructural features such as grain/grain-boundary in metallic glasses results in a suite of remarkable attributes including very high strength, close to theoretical elasticity, high corrosion and wear resistance, and soft magnetic properties. By altering the morphology and tuning of composition, MGs may be transformed into high-performance catalytic materials. In this study, the catalytic properties of metallic glass powders were demonstrated in dissociating toxic organic chemicals such as AZO dye. BMG powders showed superior performance compared to state of the art crystalline iron because of their high catalytic activity, durability, and reusability. To enhance the catalytic properties, high energy mechanical milling was performed to increase the surface area and defect density. Iron-based bulk metallic glass (BMG) of composition Fe48Cr15Mo14Y2C15B6 was used because of its low cost and ability to make large surface area by high energy ball milling. AZO dye was degraded in less than 20 minutes for the 9 hours milled Fe-BMG. However, subsequent increase in ball milling time resulted in devitrification and loss of catalytic activity as measured using UV-Visible spectroscopy. Aluminum-based bulk metallic glass (Al-BMG) powder of composition Al82Fe3Ni8Y7 was synthesized by arc-melting the constituent elements followed by gas-atomization. The particle size and morphology were similar to Fe-BMG with a fully amorphous structure. A small percentage of transition metal constituents (Fe and Ni) in a mostly aluminum alloy showed high catalytic activity, with no toxic by-products and no change in surface characteristics. Al-alloy particles, being light-weight, were easily dispersed in aqueous medium and accelerated the redox reactions. The mechanism of dye dissociation was studied using Raman and Infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Breaking of -C-H- and - C-N- bonds of AZO dye was found to be the primary mechanism. Mechanical behavior of individual BMG particles was evaluated by in situ pico-indentation in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to understand the fracture mechanisms. Catastrophic shear banding was found to be the primary fracture mode, which supported the observation of flake formation during high energy ball milling.

Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging has emerged as an attractive non-invasive approach for direct visualization of diseases which depends on the development of stable, highly specific and sensitive optical probes. The NIR region of the electronic spectrum offers a reduction in the background autofluorescence and an increase in the tissue penetration depth. Cyanine dyes have often been considered promising contrast optic agents owing to their photophysical properties. Herein the synthesis of various penta- and heptamethine benzothiazole cyanine dyes has been described and their in vivo imaging efficacy was determined. Varying functionalities on the benzothiazole aromatic ring and changing substituents on the benzothiazolium nitrogen atom reflected subsequent changes in the imaging pattern and have resulted in the development of promising brain targeting agents.

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1985 P68 / Master of Science