Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1988.

Thesis--Copenhagen University. / Summary in Danish. Includes bibliographical references (p. 177-190) and index.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Alberta, 2009. / A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Department of Physiology. Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on August 16, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis--Copenhagen University. / Summary in Danish. Includes index. Bibliography: p. 177-190.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2008. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

This diploma thesis focuses on the monitoring of hemodynamics in intensive care units; the main objective was to create an educational material for newly employed nurses. This educational material should facilitate the adaptation process of nurses at Anaesthesiology-Resuscitation Units (AR) or Intensive Care Units (ICU).The diploma thesis is divided in two parts: theoretical and empirical. The topics covered by the theoretical part include the concept of intensive care, the technical equipment, the scope of work of intensive care nurses, anatomy and physiology of the cardiovascular system, cardiovascular system monitoring, hemodynamic monitoring, adaptation of new nurses at the workplace, and the possibilities of educational methods aimed at newly employed nurses. The empirical part was conducted as qualitative inquiry in the form of interview. The interviews were semi-standardised and they were held at the AR unit in the České Budějovice Hospital. The subjects were the nurses from the RES 1 and RES 2 stations. The first part of the research inquiry consisted in interviews with the nurses at the Anaesthesiology-Resuscitation unit. The interviews were not taped, due to the respondents' request. All the answers were carefully recorded and immediately transcribed and processed to prevent any inaccuracy of information. The results were organised in charts according to the categorisations, in a well-arranged manner. The second phase consisted in creating the educational material for the newly employed nurses and the third phase concluded the project by distributing the educational materials at the hospital unit where the interviews were conducted. The nurses could therefore assess whether the educational material meets their requirements and will be useful in practice. The respondents were interviewed again and the results were subsequently also organised in charts.The results of the research inquiry show that the nurses at the Anaesthesiology-Resuscitation Unit in the České Budějovice Hospital perceive the correct hemodynamic monitoring as important, that they know what hemodynamic monitoring is and are aware of the monitoring possibilities. The nurses of this unit perform both invasive and non-invasive monitoring of hemodynamic parameters. The basic task is measuring the central venous pressure and arterial pressure. Other parameters are monitored by the doctors with the application of the Swan-Ganz catheter. The most frequently used monitors are PICCO, Lidco, Vigileo and Vigilance. All interviewed respondents agreed that their only help during the adaptation process was the manufacturers' materials and the advice from the nurse-trainers. A small part of the respondents was trained directly by the company distributing the monitors. The final phase of the research inquiry revealed that the nurses like the new educational material but they are afraid that it will end up collecting dust as the other materials supplied by students. The interviews established that it is easier to directly communicate the necessary information to the new nurses along with practical demonstration than to recommend an educational material for studying of at least the theoretical part.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-12-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:41:27Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 paula_dp_dr_jabo.pdf: 211399 bytes, checksum: 606341726183ad88b54ff88eee11d7a4 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar os efeitos da infusao continua de propofol ou de etomidato, em caes anestesiados, sobre a pressao intracraniana (PIC), pressao de perfusao cerebral (PPC), temperatura intracraniana (TIC), frequencia cardiaca (FC), pressoes arteriais sistolica (PAS), diastolica (PAD) e media (PAM), debito e indice cardiaco (DC e IC, respectivamente), pressao venosa central (PVC), volume e indice sistolico (VS e IS, respectivamente), temperatura corporal (TC). Foram utilizados 20 caes adultos, machos ou femeas, higidos, sem raca definida. Os caes foram distribuidos equitativamente em dois grupos, denominados GP e GE. Os animais do GP foram induzidos a anestesia geral por meio de administracao intravenosa de propofol, na dose de 10 mg/kg. Os caes foram intubados com sonda de Magill acoplada ao aparelho de anestesia inalatoria e iniciou-se ventilacao controlada, com amplitude e frequencia suficientes para permitir leitura de capnometria constante em 35 mmHg. Ato continuo, iniciou-se a infusao continua de propofol, por meio de bomba de infusao, na dose de 0,8 mg/kg/min. Aos animais do GE, o procedimento foi o mesmo realizado no GP, substituindo-se o propofol pelo etomidato, que foi utilizado na dose de 5 mg/kg para inducao anestesica e 0,5 mg/kg/min para a manutencao, sendo que apos 10 minutos reduziu-se a dose para 0,2 mg/kg/min. Os parametros foram mensurados decorridos 30 minutos da implantacao do cateter de pressao intracraniana (M1) e se repetiu a cada 20 minutos (M2, M3 e M4) apos M1. A avaliacao estatistica das variaveis foi efetuada pela Analise de Perfil (p<0,05). Observou-se diferencas entre os grupos na PIC, TIC, FC, DC, IC e TC, onde as medias do GP foram superiores ao do GE, e na PPC, PVC, RVS e IRVS, onde as medias de GP foram inferiores as do GE... / Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of propofol or etomidate in the intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), intracranial temperature (ICT), heart rate (HR), systolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP), and mean arterial pressures (MAP), cardiac output (CO) and index (CI), central venous pressure (CVP), stroke volume (SV) and index (SI), rectal temperature (RT) were analyzed, in twenty adult healthy males or females mongrel dogs allotted in GP and GE groups. In GP anesthesia was induced by administration of propofol (10 mg/kg IV) followed intracheal intubation to proceed controlled ventilation to mantain PaCO2 at 35 mmHg. Propofol CRI started subsequently at rate of 0.8mg/kg/min. For GE does etomidate (5 mg/kg IV) was used to induce and for maintenanceanesthesia, 0.5 mg/kg/min. After 10 minutes, the etomidato CRI was reduced to 0.2 mg/kg/min. Thirty minutes of intracranial catheter implantated (M1), and repeated at each 20 minutes (M2, M3, and M4). Statistical analysis was evaluated through ANOVA (P<0.05). Differences between groups were observed in ICP, ICT, HR, CO, CI, and RT when GP means were higher than GE. CPP and CVP were lower in GP when compared with GE. All parameters remained stable in each group during the study, except to ICT and RT that reduced gradually during the experimental period in GE animals. Continuous infusion of etomidate or propofol in dogs maintains cerebral perfusion, cerebral auto-regulation, and cardiovascular parameters in normal values. Dogs submitted to anesthesia with continuous infusion of etomidate demonstrated gradual reduction in rectal and intracranial temperature with severe hemolisys and myoclonus.

abstract: The application of novel visualization and modeling methods to the study of cardiovascular disease is vital to the development of innovative diagnostic techniques, including those that may aid in the early detection and prevention of cardiovascular disorders. This dissertation focuses on the application of particle image velocimetry (PIV) to the study of intracardiac hemodynamics. This is accomplished primarily though the use of ultrasound based PIV, which allows for in vivo visualization of intracardiac flow without the requirement for optical access, as is required with traditional camera-based PIV methods. The fundamentals of ultrasound PIV are introduced, including experimental methods for its implementation as well as a discussion on estimating and mitigating measurement error. Ultrasound PIV is then compared to optical PIV; this is a highly developed technique with proven accuracy; through rigorous examination it has become the “gold standard” of two-dimensional flow visualization. Results show good agreement between the two methods. Using a mechanical left heart model, a multi-plane ultrasound PIV technique is introduced and applied to quantify a complex, three-dimensional flow that is analogous to the left intraventricular flow. Changes in ventricular flow dynamics due to the rotational orientation of mechanical heart valves are studied; the results demonstrate the importance of multi-plane imaging techniques when trying to assess the strongly three-dimensional intraventricular flow. The potential use of ultrasound PIV as an early diagnosis technique is demonstrated through the development of a novel elasticity estimation technique. A finite element analysis routine is couple with an ensemble Kalman filter to allow for the estimation of material elasticity using forcing and displacement data derived from PIV. Results demonstrate that it is possible to estimate elasticity using forcing data derived from a PIV vector field, provided vector density is sufficient. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Mechanical Engineering 2015

Submitted by Paloma do Espirito Santo Silva null (paloma_ess@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-10-19T01:38:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 defesa tese.pdf: 2855357 bytes, checksum: e8f0b261e67e91cf6ecfe4e9dfbb7b81 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-10-23T13:29:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_pes_dr_jabo.pdf: 2855357 bytes, checksum: e8f0b261e67e91cf6ecfe4e9dfbb7b81 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-23T13:29:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_pes_dr_jabo.pdf: 2855357 bytes, checksum: e8f0b261e67e91cf6ecfe4e9dfbb7b81 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-18 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A anestesia intravenosa com propofol é amplamente utilizada em Medicina Veterinária, entretanto, apesar de ser um bom hipnótico e apresentar indução e recuperação rápidas, esse fármaco não possui efeito analgésico. A fim de proporcionar aos suínos, espécie largamente utilizada na experimentação animal, uma anestesia multimodal, foi proposto nesse estudo a avaliação da associação de propofol ao óxido nitroso (N2O), o qual produz analgesia. Além disso, buscou-se definir as concentrações mais adequadas de oxigênio e N2O a serem fornecidas durante a anestesia. Para tal, foram utilizados 48 leitões em fase de creche, pré-medicados com azaperone, induzidos à anestesia com propofol e mantidos em infusão contínua deste agente sob ventilação espontânea. Os animais foram distribuídos em 6 grupos, que receberam as concentrações de 10, 30 e 50% de N2O (GN10, GN30 e GN50) ou ar comprimido (GA10, GA30 e GA50), associadas às frações inspiradas de oxigênio (FiO2) de 0,9, 0,7 e 0,5, respectivamente. Foi estudada a hemogasometria arterial e venosa mista, além da dinâmica cardiovascular, dinâmica respiratória e parâmetros intracranianos. A coleta de dados teve início 40 minutos após a indução anestésica e repetidas a cada 15 minutos, durante 60 minutos. Para a análise estatística dos resultados foi feita a análise de variância de duas vias para comparação entre grupos e de uma via para comparação de momentos, ambas seguidas pelo teste de Bonferroni. A dinâmica cardiovascular não apresentou diferença entre os grupos para frquência cardíaca (FC), pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), média (PAM) e diastólica (PAD), pressão venosa central (PVC) e índice cardíaco (IC), porém, os resultados ficaram abaixo do fisiológico para a espécie. Além disso, não houve diferenças para frequência respiratória (f), pressão de perfusão cerebral (PPC), temperatura intracraniana (TIC) e temperatura corporal (TC). Todos os animais apresentaram hipercapnia, redução do pH e déficit de bases (DB), sugerindo que o protocolo experimental determinou acidose respiratória devido à formação de shunt pulmonar e metabólica devido à hipoperfusão tecidual. O emprego de FiO2 de 0,9 ou a adição de N2O à mistura gasosa, determinaram alterações mais graves na dinâmica respiratória e no shunt pulmonar. Houve aumento de pressão intracraniana (PIC) em todos os grupos, com diferenças pontuais, de modo que o N2O não interferiu diretamente nesse parâmetro. A ventilação espontânea não foi adequada para suínos anestesiados com propofol em cirurgias acima de 40 minutos, sendo que o GA30 (FiO2 de 0,7 associada ao ar comprimido) foi o menos prejudicial aos animais. / Intravenous anesthesia with propofol is common practice in Veterinary Medicine. However, despite being a good hypnotic and provides fast anesthetic induction and recovery, has no analgesic effect. In order to provide pigs with a multimodal anesthetic protocol, it was proposed to evaluate the association of propofol with nitrous oxide (N2O), due to its analgesic properties. Moreover, the aim of this study was to define the most appropriate concentrations of oxygen and N2O to be provided during anesthesia. To that purposes, a total of 48 pigs in nursery phase were used. They were premedicated with azaperone and anesthetized with propofol, which was also used during anesthesia maintenance. The animals were assigned into 6 groups, as follows concentrations of 10, 30 and 50% N2O (GN10, GN30 and GN50) or compressed air (GA10, GA30 and GA50) associated with fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of 0.9, 0.7 and 0.5, respectively. It was studied the arterial and mixed venous blood gas analysis, as well as cardiovascular dynamics, respiratory dynamics and intracranial parameters. Data collection began 40 minutes after the induction and it was repeated every 15 minutes for 60 minutes. The statistical analysis of results was performed by two-way analysis of variance for comparison between groups and one-way for times comparison, both followed by the Bonferroni test. Cardiovascular dynamics showed no difference between groups for heart rate (HR), systolic arterial pressure (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP) e cardiac index (CI), although the results were below the physiological for this species. Also, there is no difference for respiratory rate (RR), cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), intracranial temperature (ICT) and esophageal temperature (Tes). All animals presented hypercapnia, pH reduction and base excess (BE), suggesting that the experimental protocol determined respiratory and metabolic acidosis due to ventilation-perfusion mismatch. The use of FiO2 of 0.9 or the addition of N2O to the gas mixture determined more severe changes in respiratory dynamics and pulmonary shunt. There was an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP) in all groups, with few differences, so that N2O did not interfere directly with this parameter. The spontaneous ventilation was not adequate for pigs anesthetized with propofol in surgeries over 40 minutes, and the GA30 (FiO2 of 0.7 associated with compressed air) was the least harmful to the animals. / FAPESP: 2013/25655-0

Orientador: Valéria Nobre Leal de Souza Oliva / Banca: Paulo Sergio Patto dos Santos / Banca:Wagner Luis Ferreira / Banca:Nilton Nunes / Banca:Juan Carlos Duque Moreno / Resumo: A ventilação monopulmonar (VMP) é uma técnica que permite separar cada hemitórax durante a ventilação mecânica. Contudo, é pouco explorada em animais. Desse modo. objetivou-se avaliar e comparar os efeitos hemodinâmicos e a oxigenação arterial da anestesia com isofluorano em 1,0 ou 1,5 múltiplo de concentração alveolar mínima (CAM) ou propofol em cães submetidos à ventilação monopulmonar. Para tal, seis cães da raça Beagle foram anestesiados de modo a compor três grupos: isofluorano em 1,0 ou 1,5 CAM - respectivamente GI1,0 e GI1,5 - ou infusão contínua de propofol em 0,4 a 1,0 mg/kg/min - GP. Os animais receberam atracúrio IV a cada 30 minutos, foram intubados com sonda de duplolúmen esquerda e posicionados em decúbito lateral direito. Instituiu-se a ventilação bipulmonar (VBP) por 30 minutos, seguida de VMP do lado direito por 1 hora e novamente 30 minutos de VBP finais. Durante a VMP, o pulmão esquerdo foi mantido com pressão positiva contínua (CPAP). Aos 30, 50, 70, 90 e 120 minutos após inicio da primeira VBP, foram colhidas e calculadas variáveis hemodinâmicas e amostras de sangue para hemogasometria. Os resultados demonstram que o isofluorano reduziu a pressão arterial e a resistência periférica total em maior grau que o propofol. As demais variáveis apresentaram comportamento similar entre os grupos e não houve prejuízo da oxigenação arterial. O shunt arteriovenoso aumentou significativamente apenas no GI1,5. Concluiu-se que ambos os anestésicos oferecem segurança dur... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: One-lung ventilation (OLV) is a technique that allows separation of each hemithorax during mechanical ventilation. However, it is poorly explored in animals. Thus, the aim of the study was to assess and compare the hemodynamic effects and arterial oxygenation of isoflurane at 1.0 or 1.5 multiples of minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) or propofol in dogs subjected to one-lung ventilation. For these purposes, six Beagle dogs were anesthetized so as to comprise three groups: isoflurane at 1.0 or 1.5 MAC - respectively GI1.0 and GI1.5 - or constant rate infusion of propofol at 0.4 to 1.0 mg/kg/minute - GP. Animals were given IV atracurium every 30 minutes, intubated with a double-lumen endotracheal tube and positioned in right lateral recumbency. Two-lung ventilation (TLV) was instituted for 30 minutes, followed by OLV of the right side for 1 hour and another final 30 minutes of TLV. During OLV, the left lung was maintained at a constant positive pressure (CPAP). Hemodynamic variables were recorded and calculated and blood samples for blood gas analysis were obtained at 30, 50, 70, 90 and 120 minutes after the first TLV. The results have demonstrated that isoflurane decreased arterial pressure and total peripheral resistance in a greater degree than did propofol. Other variables behaved similarly between groups without impairing arterial oxygenation. The arteriovenous shunt was significantly increased only in GI1.5. In conclusion, both anesthetics provide safety during OLV in t... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor