Energy poverty refers to a situation where physiological energy needs are not met with the resources available for cooking, lighting, and heating. Billions of people worldwide still rely on biomass fuels such as wood, charcoal, and dung to satisfy their primary energy needs. With high population growth and urbanization trends, energy poverty is especially prominent in sub-Saharan Africa, where electrification rates remain low and biomass use continues to rise. The need for solutions and strategies to increase the access to clean, efficient and sustainable energy resources has never been greater. However, projects by local governments and international development agencies have met limited success in alleviating energy poverty concerns, largely due to a lack of local involvement in the project planning, implementation, and continued operation. One method that has been advocated as a tool to increase public participation through non-traditional techniques is the use of scenarios. Scenarios have proven effective as an aid in creating policy for various sectors, and involve describing future possible events and conditions in efforts, by decision makers, to consider possibilities that cannot be captured by studying past data. While benefits of scenario use are well documented, a paucity of literature exists regarding the procedural details and effectiveness of each stage of the scenario method. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to bring together a diverse group of research and policy professionals fi-om Senegal and examine the effectiveness of the scenario process in capturing their perspectives and priorities on energy poverty in Senegal. Research methods included document research, participant observation, focus group research, semi-structured interviewing and questionnaire surveying. A two day scenario workshop was conducted in Dakar, Senegal and involved 22 research and policy professionals. The workshop revealed that political cohesiveness, social cooperation, and economic development were the three most influential forces influencing energy access. The local participants' perspectives of the issues, barriers, and possible future outcomes of energy poverty in Senegal were documented, and the results and conclusions will help fill a void in the literature on energy poverty perspectives in West Africa and Senegal. The scenario process proved to be an effective, financially efficient means to engage policy and research professionals in a participatory process. The process fostered open communication between all participants and encouraged cooperative learning.

CHDS State/Local / A threat assessment model to identify domestic radical groups on a trajectory towards terrorist violence remains an elusive goal. The lack of a model constrains proactive counter-terrorism efforts resulting in largely reactive strategies that often are ineffectual in discovering and disrupting terrorist plots while in an inchoate stage. The Path to Terrorist Violence Model, based on a threat assessment model used in the emerging field of threat management for the judiciary and elected officials, is a valid and reliable assessment methodology to identify radical groups at risk of escalation to acts of terrorism. By focusing on attack-related behaviors that a group must take to mount a planned attack, the Path to Terrorist Violence avoids contentious issues related to psychosocial, religious, race or ethnicity-based profiling assumptions. / Captain, Douglas County Sheriff's Department

Commanding Officer's Standing Orders are critical to shipboard watch standing. Written by the captain and used by watch standers, Standing Orders perform many unique and powerful functions aboard ships. Using genre theory, this study provides insight into the specific roles Standing Orders play. This insight also provides deeper perspective into commanding officer to watch stander relationships, as well as the nature of CO power aboard ships. Deeper understanding of the role Standing Orders play provides new perspective on shipboard relationships, communication, and culture. In turn, this new perspective can lead to reevaluation of Standing Order function and use.

CIVINS / Field studies have demonstrated that it is possible to evaluate the state of many shipboard systems by analyzing the power drawn by electromechanical actuators. One device that can perform such an analysis is the non-intrusive load monitor (NILM). This thesis investigates the use of the NILM as a supervisory control system in the engineering plant of gas-turbine-powered vessel. Field tests demonstrate that the NILM can potentially reduce overall sensor count if used in a supervisory control system. To demonstrate the NILM's capabilities in supervisory control systems, experiments are being conducted at the U.S. Navy's Land-Based Engineering Site (LBES) in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Following a brief description of the LBES facility and the NILM itself, this thesis presents testing procedures and methodology with results obtained during the extensive field studies. This thesis also describes the on-going efforts to further demonstrate and develop the NILM's capabilities in supervisory control systems. / CIVINS / US Naval Academy (USNA) author.

Salivary IgA is the primary antibody of mucosal immunity. It has been suggested that chronic stress may lower levels of IgA and lead to an increased susceptibility to respiratory illness. It is also suggested that acute stress increases IgA during active coping (that involves mental effort or controllability, such as time-based mathematics or memory tests) and decreases it during passive coping tasks (with no mental effort required or uncontrollable, such as the passive viewing of disgust images). However, tasks often classed as stressors have produced consistent IgA effects in areas of passive coping and chronic stress. These inconsistencies might be a consequence of methodological issues, such as sampling procedures, or may reflect individual differences, for example how a task is appraised. This thesis examined appraisal effects with focus on control over a stressful event and a potential relationship with salivary IgA. Three different study designs were used to examine stress, appraised control and salivary IgA. To alter appraisal during passive coping, disgust images were presented as either real pictures or as fake effects from fictional films to change the participant's perception of control during the image presentations. The role of appraised control during a chronic stress situation was explored in caregivers, and finally, appraised control and subjective stress were investigated in relation to IgA daily for a week in undergraduates, alongside perceived stress and hassles from the prior month. Viewing disgusting images increased perceived stress, irrespective of whether the images were presented as real or fake. Crucially, control was lower and salivary IgA increased only in the group that were told the images were real. Appraised control over a chronic stressor of caregiving did not affect IgA, but neither did perceived stress. Finally, in undergraduates, stress measured at the same time as sampling showed a lower level of IgA on days rated the highest compared to lowest on stress, and appraised control had a negative correlation with IgA when averages were used over the week, but only in a sub-group of participants. Perceived stress or hassles from the prior month did not relate to IgA. The main conclusions are that a participant's appraisal of passive coping tasks can be altered and that this may lead to a change in their IgA response. The overall results challenge the view that IgA is a stress marker, as the only consistent effect of stress on IgA was its consistency. Yet inconsistent IgA responses are likely to be a recurring issue in research due to the sensitivity of IgA to a number of different methodological practices that may cause a direct effect, or may alter appraisals.

I was chosen the topic of my thesis "The metodology of drug criminality investigation" becuase I am very interested in this issues and I consider drug use and abuse as very present global problem. The thesis is divided into two parts. The general part contain six chapters. I begin with the introduction into the problem including used terminology and slang expressions too. Then I describe particular drugs and their consequences. The following charter is connecting of drug abuse with crime and developement and situation in the Czech republic before the year 1989, after this year and the present state. Chapter five is constituted by structure of internal body causing in the drug problems area. In the ending of the first part I present the progress of our legislation in the drug crime including the outline of legislation state in the EU states. The second part is formed by the metodology of drug criminality which is devided into ten chapters. The first chapter contain the description of general metodology of crime investigation. Chapter two is formed by the criminal characteristic including typical way of commiting and offender description. Chapter free is formed by trails which are typical for this crimes, four are the typical investigation situations, five are strangenesses of investigation impulse...

1 Summary The presented thesis deals with methods of investigation of robberies. It comprises all essential parts of such methodology and therefore aims to provide a complex view on the subject. Moreover, the work offers a deeper insight into some particular methods of investigation and emphasizes psychological aspects of investigation as well as of crime prevention. Comparison with foreign author's view on the subject is also included. The work consists of ten chapters dedicated to separate components of investigation. Chapter one presents the subject of investigation - robbery, its place in Czech law and legal definition set out by the Criminal Code. Chapter two provides criminalistic description of a robbery from different points of view and includes a relatively large part concentrating on foreign literature and robbery categories presented therein. Chapter three lists typical evidence which can be found on the crime scene and points out psychological aspects of formation of witness's memories of the crime. Chapter four lists standard situations in which the investigator finds himself based on the amount and nature of information obtained. Chapter five looks at particular evidence needed in court in robbery cases. Chapters six and seven describe different ways in which crimes are reported and initial...

Title: Methodology training in sports matches in karate Objectives: The main aim of this work is to create a model of development of movement skills and special skills and knowledge of of tactics needed to manage difficult situations in sports match. Methods: In our thesiswe used a method of analysis and study of documents, historical method and the method of compilation and comparison. The method of analysis was applied in the analysis of various aspects of discipline kumite and method of compilation and comparison in the comparison of traditional and modern teaching methods. Method photographs and video footage was used for multimedia processing the issue with output in the form of a DVD. Results: The result of this study is a modern concept of teaching sport match which follows the changing trends in the development of karate raised working towards Olympic sport. Keywords: Sport, karate, kumite, training, methodology

The Diploma thesis Implementation of ITIL methodology for IT Governance describes the importance of IT Governance in an organization, ways of using several methodologies, the differences between those methodologies and preferred methodology ITIL. The ITIL methodology is described in all stages of the Service lifecycle. In the second part, the methodology is applied on a real organization: Faculty of Business Administration. On the real IT services, provided by the faculty IT unit in all 5 stages of the Service lifecycle.

Orientador: Sebastião Ribeiro Neto Guedes / Banca: José Ricardo Fucidji / Banca: Celso Pereira Neris Junior / Resumo: Neste trabalho de conclusão, o objetivo principal é analisar a crítica feita pelo autor britânico Tony Lawson aos métodos dedutivistas ou matemático-formalistas que caracterizam a maior parte da pesquisa feita em Economia nos últimos 80 anos ou mais. A hipótese a ser investigada é a de que o autor não realiza uma crítica ontológica dos métodos que critica. A confirmação dessa hipótese traz problemas, pois esse tipo de crítica é fundamental à concepção teórico-filosófica da qual o autor faz parte, o Realismo Crítico. Ao final da análise será possível confirmar que Lawson indica elementos muito importantes para entender a ascensão do projeto matematizante na Economia, mas o autor não realiza uma crítica ontológica completa dessas concepções. Em geral, esse caráter incompleto está diretamente relacionado ao tipo de abstração feita por Lawson, que isola (em determinado nível, por abstração) as práticas teóricas da academia (especificamente em Economia) e acaba por ofuscar a conexão desse tipo de prática com uma concepção totalizante de sociedade. Para se chegar a esse resultado será preciso, no primeiro capítulo, defender que a crítica feita por Lawson ao dedutivismo a partir do Realismo Crítico é válida e, portanto, a presente análise é pertinente. No segundo capítulo, para investigar a hipótese levantada, será preciso, ao mesmo tempo, defender a importância de uma crítica ontológica e mostrar a partir dos textos do autor que ele não realiza esse procedimento. No último capítulo... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: In this work, the main objective is to analyze the criticism made by the British author Tony Lawson to the deductive or mathematical-formalist methods that characterize most of the research done in Economics in the last 80 years or so. The hypothesis to be investigated is that the author does not perform an ontological critique of the methods he criticizes. The confirmation of this hypothesis brings problems, since this type of criticism is fundamental to the theoretical-philosophical conception of which the author is part, Critical Realism. At the end of the analysis it will be possible to confirm that Lawson indicates very important elements to understand the rise of the mathematical project in the economics, but the author does not realize a complete ontological critique of these conceptions. In general, this incomplete character is directly related to Lawson's type of abstraction, which isolates (at some level) the theoretical practices of academy (specifically in economics) and, with this blurs the connection between this specific practice and a totalizing conception of society. In order to achieve this result, it will be necessary, in the first chapter, to defend that Lawson's critical realist critique of deductivism is valid and, therefore, the present analysis is pertinent. In the second chapter, to investigate the raised hypothesis, it will be necessary, at the same time, to defend the importance of an ontological critique and to show from the author's texts that he ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre