No description available.

Fung, Ho Lam. / Thesis submitted in: November 2006. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 343-360). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgements --- p.i / Abstract --- p.iii / Contents --- p.xii / List of Tables --- p.xix / List of Figures --- p.xxxi / Chapter Chapter 1: --- General Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Objectives --- p.17 / Chapter 1.3 --- Monitoring methods investigated in this research --- p.18 / Chapter 1.4 --- The distribution of corals in Hong Kong --- p.21 / Chapter 1.5 --- Study sites --- p.23 / Chapter 1.6 --- Thesis Outline --- p.25 / Chapter Chapter 2: --- "Coral Mapping in Cheung Sha Wan, A Ye Wan and A Ma Wan, Tung Ping Chau" / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.31 / Chapter 2.2 --- Study sites --- p.37 / Chapter 2.3 --- Methods and Materials --- p.38 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Fieldwork procedure --- p.38 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Laboratory work procedure --- p.40 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Data analysis --- p.40 / Chapter 2.4 --- Results and Discussion --- p.42 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Species count --- p.42 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Coral coverage --- p.42 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- Species composition --- p.43 / Chapter 2.4.4 --- Diversity index --- p.43 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- "Evaluation of Monitoring Methods in Cheung Sha Wan, Tung Ping Chau, a Coral Community with Low (< 10%) Coral Cover" / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.52 / Chapter 3.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.61 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Line Intercept Transect (LIT) Method --- p.62 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Point Intercept Transect (PIT) Method --- p.62 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Random Point Video Transect (RPVT) Method --- p.63 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Quadrat (QUAD) Method --- p.64 / Chapter 3.2.6 --- Sampling effort in each monitoring method --- p.65 / Chapter 3.2.7 --- Sample size determination --- p.66 / Chapter 3.2.7.1 --- Optimal sample size --- p.66 / Chapter 3.2.7.2 --- Unit effort sample size --- p.67 / Chapter 3.2.8 --- Statistical analysis --- p.68 / Chapter 3.2.8.1 --- Univariate analysis --- p.68 / Chapter 3.2.8.2 --- Multivariate analysis --- p.69 / Chapter 3.4 --- Results --- p.70 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Optimal sample size --- p.70 / Chapter 3.4.1.1 --- Percent coral cover --- p.71 / Chapter 3.4.1.2 --- Species count --- p.72 / Chapter 3.4.1.3 --- Diversity indices --- p.72 / Chapter 3.4.1.4 --- Community structure --- p.73 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Sampling efforts in different monitoring methods --- p.75 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Sample size under fixed effort --- p.76 / Chapter 3.4.3.1 --- Percent coral cover --- p.77 / Chapter 3.4.3.2 --- Species count --- p.78 / Chapter 3.4.3.3 --- Diversity indices --- p.78 / Chapter 3.4.3.4 --- Community structure --- p.80 / Chapter 3.5 --- Discussion --- p.84 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Optimal sample size --- p.84 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Coral cover --- p.86 / Chapter 3.5.3 --- Species count --- p.90 / Chapter 3.5.4 --- Diversity Indices --- p.93 / Chapter 3.5.5 --- Community structure --- p.96 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- "Evaluation of Monitoring Methods in A Ye Wan and A Ma Wan, Tung Ping Chau: Coral Communities with Mid to High Percent Coral Cover (25% to 50%)" / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.146 / Chapter 4.2 --- Methods and material --- p.149 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Field monitoring --- p.149 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Laboratory work --- p.149 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Sampling effort in each monitoring method --- p.150 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Sample size determination --- p.150 / Chapter 4.2.5 --- Statistical analysis --- p.151 / Chapter 4.2.5.1 --- Univariate analysis --- p.151 / Chapter 4.2.5.2 --- Multivariate analysis --- p.152 / Chapter 4.3 --- Results --- p.152 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- A Ye Wan --- p.152 / Chapter 4.3.1.1 --- Optimal sample size --- p.152 / Chapter 4.3.1.1.1 --- Percent coral cover --- p.154 / Chapter 4.3.1.1.2 --- Species count --- p.154 / Chapter 4.3.1.1.3 --- Diversity indices --- p.155 / Chapter 4.3.1.1.4 --- Community structure --- p.155 / Chapter 4.3.1.2 --- Sampling efforts in different monitoring methods --- p.157 / Chapter 4.3.1.3 --- Sample size under fixed effort --- p.158 / Chapter 4.3.1.3.1 --- Percent coral cover --- p.158 / Chapter 4.3.1.3.2 --- Species Count --- p.159 / Chapter 4.3.1.3.3 --- Diversity indices --- p.160 / Chapter 4.3.1.3.4 --- Community structure --- p.162 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- A Ma Wan --- p.165 / Chapter 4.3.2.1 --- Optimal sample size --- p.165 / Chapter 4.3.2.1.1 --- Percent coral cover --- p.167 / Chapter 4.3.2.1.2 --- Species count --- p.167 / Chapter 4.3.2.1.3 --- Diversity indices --- p.168 / Chapter 4.3.2.1.4 --- Community structure --- p.169 / Chapter 4.3.2.2 --- Sampling efforts in different monitoring methods --- p.171 / Chapter 4.3.2.3 --- Sample size under fixed effort --- p.172 / Chapter 4.3.2.3.1 --- Percent coral cover --- p.172 / Chapter 4.3.2.3.2 --- Species Count --- p.173 / Chapter 4.3.2.3.3 --- Diversity indices --- p.174 / Chapter 4.3.2.3.4 --- Community structure --- p.175 / Chapter 4.4 --- Discussion --- p.178 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Optimal sample size --- p.178 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Coral Cover --- p.178 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- Species Count --- p.181 / Chapter 4.4.4 --- Diversity Indices --- p.182 / Chapter 4.4.5 --- Community Structure --- p.184 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Role of Community Characteristic on the Performance of Monitoring Methods / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.281 / Chapter 5.2 --- Methods and materials --- p.284 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Coral Mapping --- p.284 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Monitoring Methods --- p.285 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Statistical analysis --- p.286 / Chapter 5.3 --- Results --- p.286 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Sample size as a function of different reef characteristics --- p.286 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Performance of reef monitoring methods in sites with different reef characteristics --- p.287 / Chapter 5.3.2.1 --- Coral cover --- p.287 / Chapter 5.3.2.2 --- Species count and Margalef's Index --- p.288 / Chapter 5.3.2.3 --- Other diversity indices --- p.289 / Chapter 5.3.2.4 --- Community structure --- p.290 / Chapter 5.4 --- Discussion --- p.291 / Chapter 5.4.1 --- Effect of reef characteristics on sampling time --- p.291 / Chapter 5.4.2 --- Effect of reef characteristics on the performance of monitoring methods --- p.293 / Chapter 5.4.3 --- Recommendation on the choice of monitoring method --- p.301 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Summary and Prospectives --- p.337 / References --- p.343

Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Thesis (M.A.) / Boston Medical Center’s pediatric outpatient clinic has resident clinic flow problems that negatively affect its patient care level. Due to system backup, in August 2012, resident patients spent an average of 71 minutes in the clinic for a scheduled 20-minute appointment. This study used quality improvement methodology (QI) to investigate potential solutions to the clinic flow problems. Our aim was, by May 2013 decrease the average patient time-in-clinic for resident vaccination patients between 2 and 30 months of age by 20%. Using Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles within QI, the research team implemented three interventions between August 2012 and May 2013 that focused on improving communication between members of the clinic medical team. Throughout the year, the research team measured the time-in-clinic for the patient population, plotted the data with run charts, and determined if the interventions resulted in a corresponding decrease in time. By May 2013, the interventions resulted in an average decrease in time across all resident classes. First years showed a 4.5% decrease. Second years showed a 5.7% decrease. Third years showed a 20% decrease. While these decreases are significant, due to time limitations, we could not determine if the interventions resulted in a lasting improvement to clinic flow. / 2031-01-01

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / South Africa has among the highest reported rates of neonaticide and infanticide, yet we do not know much about the circumstances surrounding parental child killing. Therefore, this dissertation sought to address this lacuna in the research literature. The dissertation is divided into two phases. Phase one includes a scoping review, which describes research on the homicide of infants (aged 0-1 year), pertaining to victim and perpetrator characteristics. A search of 18 databases, yielded 53 included articles, of which 39 were case studies, two were qualitative, and 12 were quantitative. The review’s main finding is the shortage of good quality data as most included studies were case studies. Therefore, we hope that this review encourages the development of a larger scholarship of robust research focused on the homicide of infants. Phase two presents the findings of a life history study, couched within a biopsychosocial epistemology, undertaken to uncover the life stories of parents who are incarcerated for killing either a biological child, a stepchild, or a child in their care. The qualitative study draws on 49 in-depth interviews with 22 participants. Attachment theory, epigenetics, feminist theory, and the social ecological theory assisted in understanding this crime. Through a grounded theory analysis of the life stories presented, it becomes evident how traumatic parent-child experiences in the form of absent parents, neglect, and abuse, had a profound impact on these participants. Their narratives suggest that, in the absence of reparative environments, their histories of childhood abuse and abandonment were potentially risk factors for negative consequences in the parenting role, as they likely reenacted these cycles of unhealthy behavior with partners and children.

Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) dominate all cellular functions across every domain of life. If PPIs become aberrant, they may result in many human diseases, such as cancer or Alzheimer’s. Despite their clinical significance, modulating aberrant PPIs is a daunting task. Most PPI surfaces are long, hydrophilic and structurally complex. Thus, finding molecules that moderate specific aberrant PPIs is an important goal in drug discovery research. For example, PPIs have been modulated by peptidomimetics, synthetic peptides that assume three-dimensional structures similar to proteins, but unlike natural peptides, they are proteolytically stable. However, building libraries of peptidomimetics is challenging as current methods rely on solid phase peptide synthesis, which limits the size and diversity of peptidomimetic libraries. As such, using the translation machinery to synthesize peptidomimetics is an attractive approach. In Chapter 1, we begin by discussing bacterial protein synthesis. Then, we delve into a detailed discussion of the application of the bacterial translation machinery for the in vitro translation of synthetic peptides. In this discussion, we review the different technologies, their advantages and limitations with respect to the incorporation of amino acids with unnatural backbones. After reviewing the methods used to incorporate backbone analogs, and their compatibility with the bacterial translation machinery, we describe a novel approach for the ribosomal incorporation of -amino acids analogs containing an -substituent, -hydroxy--amino acids (Chapter 2). We demonstrate that the ribosome incorporates this new class of substrates through the formation of an intermediate ester bond that rapidly rearranges to form a native peptide bond. Using this approach, we show that -hydroxy--amino acid single incorporation efficiencies are comparable the incorporation efficiencies obtained with natural amino acids. In Chapter 3, we apply this approach to the synthesis of peptides containing multiple -hydroxy--amino acids. This chapter describes the results obtained with the in vitro synthesis of peptides containing two consecutive -hydroxy--amino acids, three consecutive -hydroxy--amino acids, and alternating -hydroxy--amino acids and -amino acids. Based on these results, we propose experiments to improve these incorporation yields for the application of this technology for the in vitro synthesis of diverse peptidomimetic libraries.

Next Generation Science Standards and the Framework for K-12 Science Education encourage teachers to not only change the content of their teaching, but also the way that they deliver it. In order to promote these modern teaching practices, professional development (PD) experiences for teachers need to develop new approaches that enhance the transfer of the PD context into the teachers’ classroom practice. In this research study, professional learning communities (PLCs), defined as collaborative groups of teachers who make their practice visible within their professional learning, are analyzed in a formally instituted series of teacher professional education offerings. Moreover, the setting included a professional learning community composed of teacher-facilitators who were actively engaged as facilitators of other PLCs. The goal of this design experiment was to both explore PLCs as PD models within science education as well as to begin to develop tools for PD that allow teachers to work from within the context of their own classroom. The sources of evidence used in this study included teacher and student produced artifacts and interviews, and written transcripts of the sessions were also examined. All data were primarily explored using methodology taken from grounded theory. This approach facilitated identification of emergent themes that particularly addressed some of the ways that researchers and teacher leaders can work together in the future to make certain that PD and the teachers’ classroom practices are more coherently connected. The following themes were identified: refining the focus of professional learning communities to allow for investigations of student learning in the classroom, especially with an eye towards supporting transparency of practice through artifacts, and the usefulness of cycles of inquiry as a construct for planning professional learning communities. Furthermore, it became clear that there is a need for explicit norms to frame the classroom around what constitutes acceptable explanations and justifications for productive classroom experiences. Among other findings, it is recommended that borrowing from and adapting the work of scholars in sociomathematical norms around the use of explanations can be the basis for a possible framework for improving future studies of teacher professional practice.

The thunderstorm encroaches, the smoky raven like clouds float over my spirit. This writing takes place at a time of mourning, a deep and lonesome sadness for family relations who have passed over the last few years, many having died of kidney disease. Yet, I cannot escape this feeling that has filled the silent spaces and the deeper meanings that lie behind spoken words. These are the words of my relations, the words that fill these empty pages, the words of an enduring past and present. As I begin, I wonder, how will I shape these passages into an articulation that may bring an illumination of all that has happened over the last few months since the inception and then ethics approval of this work. So here I shall offer an understanding of the background that brought this study forward. I will recount the progression of thought that precipitated the methodology. Like water that flows and is fluid, this writing has become realized to be ever changing, boundless and repelling conventionality. It is not just a story about living with kidney disease, this is a passage that motions and travels through history making interconnections amidst the broader social, political and contextually traditional and creative ways of being. Through the methodology of the sweetgrass porcupine quill box, living stories came forth within the context of a First Nations community. Sharing circles involving ten participants conveyed the living stories of kidney disease that illumined the significance of Indigenous Knowledge, relationality, cultural safety and equitable access. / Graduate / 2020-04-19

本论文介绍了一种基于扫描共聚焦显微镜和微流反应器用于研究化学振动子同步的系统。这个系统利用300微米的PNIPAm胶体颗粒作为振动子，Ru(vmbpy)(bpy)₂(PF₆)₂ 被参杂到振动子里充当BelousovZhabotinsky（BZ）振荡反应的催化剂。扫描共聚焦显微镜具有很高的灵敏度，可以给出高质量的图片以供研究分析。通过实验证明低于56W/cm²强度的扫描激光对BZ反应没有影响。这里所运用的微流反应器包括两个部分，PMMA材质的微池和PDMS材质的流道。此反应器可通过流道不停地补充BZ反应的反应物从而保证振荡的一致性。 / 通通过此系统，我们可以研究不同的两个振动子的同步问题。在实验中，振动子间的同步是由两者间的距离决定的。振动子在靠近时同步在分开至临界距离以外处不同步。另外，我利用COMSOL来模拟实验中的现象，发现模拟的结果和实验中的现象十分吻合。 / In this thesis, I present an experimental platform based on laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) and continuous flow microreactor (CFMR) to study coupled chemical oscillators. PNIPAm gel particles around 300 micron were synthesized in the microfluidic device as the oscillators. Ru(vmbpy)(bpy)₂(PF₆)₂ was used as the catalyst of the BelousovZhabotinsky (BZ) reaction. The LSCM offers a good signal-to-noise ratio and better imaging quality. We demonstrated that the scanning laser with the power below 56W/cm² had no influence to BZ reaction. The CFMR, consisting of the PMMA microwell and the PDMS microchannel, can maintain the oscillation of the oscillators with a continuous supply of the BZ mixture. / The synchronization of the double heterogeneous oscillators was studied by the platform. The coupling intensity was controlled by changing the distance between the two oscillators. Results showed that the synchronization occurred as the oscillators were close and was lost as the oscillators were separated beyond a critical distance. The results of the numerical simulation by COMSOL agreed well with the experimental observation. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Guo, Dameng. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 40-41). / Abstracts also in Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / 摘要 --- p.ii / Acknowledgement --- p.iii / Table of contents --- p.iv / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Synchronization of chemical oscillating systems --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- The Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- FKN model --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Effect of light illumination on ruthenium catalyzed BZ reaction --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Luminescence of ruthenium catalyzed in the BZ reaction --- p.8 / Chapter 1.3 --- Oscillators based on the BZ reaction --- p.9 / Chapter 1.4 --- Detection methods for the BZ oscillating systems --- p.10 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Ion selective electrode and optical microscopy --- p.10 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Objective of the research --- p.10 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- LSCM and continuous flow microreactor based platform --- p.12 / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2 --- Experimental --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- The fabrication of the oscillators --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- The fabrication of the CFMR --- p.14 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- The detection method --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3 --- Results and discussions --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- The comparison of PMMA and PDMS microreactors --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- The flow rate of the BZ mixture to maintain the oscillation --- p.18 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- The size of the microreactor --- p.19 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- The factors to reduce the influence of the laser on the oscillators --- p.21 / Chapter 2.4 --- Conclusions --- p.23 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- The studying of the synchronization of the double oscillators --- p.24 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.24 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Kuramoto model for illustrating the synchronization of double oscillators --- p.24 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Transition from disorder to synchronization --- p.25 / Chapter 3.2 --- Experimental and simulation --- p.26 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- The dispensing and detection of the oscillators in the microreactor --- p.26 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- The simulation model --- p.27 / Chapter 3.3 --- Results and discussion --- p.28 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- The controlling of the coupling intensity --- p.28 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- The results of the synchronization --- p.30 / Chapter 3.3.2.1 --- Synchronization --- p.30 / Chapter 3.2.2.2 --- The critical distance for the synchronization and the transition --- p.31 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- The results of the simulation --- p.34 / Chapter 3.4 --- Conclusion --- p.35 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Conclusion --- p.37 / Chapter 4.1 --- Summary --- p.37 / Chapter 4.2 --- Discussions and future perspectives --- p.38 / Reference --- p.40 / Appendix --- p.42 / Chapter 1. --- Code in Matlab for calculating the RGB value of ROI in the images from the LSCM --- p.42 / Chapter 2. --- The power of the laser --- p.43 / Chapter 2.1 --- The power of the laser in the LSCM --- p.43 / Chapter 2.2 --- The irradiation power on the oscillators --- p.44 / Chapter 3. --- The energy transferred to the oscillator --- p.44 / Chapter 4. --- The model in COMSOL --- p.45

We report a novel fragmentation and functionalization method using a cyclic iminyl radical. Formation of this radical occurs by microwave heating under mild conditions and short reaction times. The reaction avoids the use of explosive or toxic radical initiators and propagating agents. This reaction is versatile, with the ability to install two functional groups that are ultimately derived from a ketone in the substrate precursor. A variety of radical traps capable of forming both carbon-carbon bonds and carbon-heteroatom bonds have been tested, and the products are obtained in good yields. We demonstrate the power of this reaction by functionalizing complex natural products.