LD2668 .T4 1949 W7 / Master of Science

M.Phil. ( Industrial Psychology) / Orientation: The aim of this study was to frame psychological testing in a specific and clear manner that is grounded in beneficence. This could potentially be used to positively contribute toward the development, control, and use of psychological testing in South Africa. This was attained by looking at psychological testing through a beneficence lens, so that it is grounded beyond the preventative stance of regulation, in beneficence. The principle of beneficence was explained to the participants, who were then encouraged to approach psychological testing from a beneficence perspective. Research purpose: Despite considerable literature existing on the moral principle of beneficence in various contexts, there is restricted research on its association with psychological testing. Hence, this study explored how to ground psychological testing in the moral principle of beneficence, for application in the South African workplace. This was formulated to explore the essence of beneficence as positively contributing to the welfare of others, from which actions were identified to promote understanding in grounding psychological testing in this regard.

M.A. (Counselling Psychology) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

This psychoanalytically informed research project combines three theoretical trajectories together with illustrative clinical material to present an exploration of anorexia through a particular conceptual lens. The three theoretical areas are synthesised in an original way through the ideas and arguments presented in the thesis. The theory included: contemporary understandings of eating disorders; contemporary Kleinian literature on pathological organisations and psychic retreats (Steiner, 1982; 1987; 1992; 1993; 2011); and literature on autistic-like (autistoid) defences in non-autistic adults (S. Klein, 1980; Tustin, 1972; 1973; 1978; 1981; 1986; 1991). The research aimed to interrogate and explicate the relationship between pathological organisations of personality structure in anorexia, using case studies and vignettes to illustrate and elaborate the arguments. There was also some consideration of other types of eating disorder, similarly conceptualised. Case material from clinical work as a psychoanalytically informed psychotherapist was used as data in all but one case, in the latter instance interview material being used. The body of the thesis was structured in the form of four journal articles.

The field of psychological assessment in South African schools faces many challenges at present. To be able to meaningfully respond to these challenges, it was important to gain an understanding of how psychological assessment is being perceived by educators, whether as being necessary (or not), in their workplace. The study aimed to gather information and generate knowledge in order to provide some pointers about the educators’ perceived use of psychological assessment measures. Thereafter, analyse their perceptions in terms of these assessments. It was a mixed study using both quantitative and qualitative research methods. The proposed sample was seventy-five (n = 75) educators from former model-c and township schools. Data was collected through the use of a self-response questionnaire (quantitative) and then used to identify themes. The identified themes were then used for discussion in focus group interviews (qualitative). Descriptive and thematic content analysis were used for the interpretation of the research data and triangulation thereof.

95 leaves. / The area of shame, in psychology, has become increasingly popular in recent years. Despite a great richness of theoretical literature, there is, unfortunately, a dearth of actual research on shame. This study has sought to empirically investigate the relationship between shame and three compulsive behaviours, namely, alcohol dependence, drug dependence and disordered eating. Relations between shame and alcohol dependence, and shame and drug dependence have already been established in the research literature. This study sought to validate these relationships and to extend the research in the area to establish a link between shame and disordered eating. Cook's Internalised Shame Scale was used to assimilate shame, whilst Millon's Clinical Multiaxial Inventory was used to assess drug and alcohol dependence. Disordered eating was assessed by using the Eating Attitudes Test. Pearson's Product Moment Correlations were computed, and regression analyses were conducted, it was found that shame was significantly correlated with alcohol dependence, drug dependence and disordered eating, and that shame predicted 33% of the variation in alcohol dependent behaviour, 36% of the variation in drug dependent behaviour, and 30% of the variation in disordered eating. Within the methodology used it was not possible to establish causality. However, it was possible to contextualise these results within the literature, and suggest possible explanations. From within the literature on shame it was suggested that shame is linked to alcohol abuse and drug abuse as well as to disordered eating, and that the relationship is one of circular causality. Shame is consequent on these behaviours but these behaviours also attempt to reduce shame and are intended to be self soothing, and containing of the uncomfortable feelings attached to an inadequate sense of self. Limitations of the study, and suggestions for future research were examined. / AM2016

Thesis (M. Com. (Economics))--University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, School of Economic & Business Sciences, 2017 / In this study, I use a computer game based lab experiment to investigate the existence of the Endowment Effect. Previous empirical evidence has been criticised for failing to adequately account for the effects of transactions costs and other frictions. The structure of the game used in this study allows me to control for these effects, and the results provide evidence in support of the existence of an Endowment Effect. The effect is found to be stronger when transactions costs are present. / GR2018

Hui Ka Ying Victoria. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 41-50). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgements --- p.i / Abstract --- p.i / 摘要 --- p.ii / List of Tables --- p.v / Lists of Figures --- p.vi / Chapter CHAPTER ONE: --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / A Theoretical Model for Maintaining Relationships --- p.1 / Cultural Differences in Relationship Repair --- p.10 / Chapter CHAPTER TWO: --- METHOD --- p.15 / Participants --- p.15 / Procedure --- p.15 / Measures --- p.16 / Chapter CHAPTER THREE: --- RESULTS --- p.19 / Data Analyses --- p.19 / Testing the Measurement Model --- p.19 / Reliabilities and Correlations --- p.19 / Testing the Structural Model --- p.20 / Chapter CHAPTER 4: --- DISCUSSION --- p.35 / Cultural General Model regarding the Dynamics of Change in Relationship Quality / following Harm --- p.35 / Further Studies --- p.37 / Implications --- p.39 / References --- p.41 / Appendix A --- p.51 / Footnotes --- p.53

by Luk Anne. / Publication date from spine. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 167-174). / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgements --- p.iii / Chapter: / Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 2. --- Ethnography of Communication --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1. --- Definition --- p.5 / Chapter 2.2. --- Previous Studies --- p.8 / Chapter 2.3. --- Reasons for Conducting the Research --- p.16 / Chapter 3. --- The Theoretical Framework and Its Application --- p.21 / Chapter 3.1. --- Saville-Troike's Model --- p.21 / Chapter 3.2. --- The Application of Saville-Troike's Model --- p.31 / Chapter 4. --- Language usage in Advertisements --- p.44 / Chapter 4.1. --- Linguistic and Advertising --- p.44 / Chapter 4.2. --- The Different Techniques of Foregrounding --- p.46 / Chapter 4.3. --- Justifications of Using the Techniques of Foregrounding --- p.53 / Chapter 5. --- Methodology --- p.56 / Chapter 5.1. --- Research Design --- p.56 / Chapter 5.2. --- Data Collection --- p.57 / Chapter 5.3. --- Data Analysis --- p.68 / Chapter 6. --- Findings --- p.72 / Chapter 6.1. --- Interpretations of the Advertisements --- p.74 / Chapter 6.2. --- Linguistic Preference in Advertisements --- p.82 / Chapter 6.3. --- The Role of Language in Advertising --- p.92 / Chapter 6.4. --- Attitude of English advertisementsin Chinese Magazines --- p.113 / Chapter 7. --- Discussion --- p.120 / Chapter 7.1. --- Interpretations of the Advertisements --- p.121 / Chapter 7.2. --- Linguistic Preference in Advertisements --- p.125 / Chapter 7.3. --- The Role of Language in Advertising --- p.127 / Chapter 7.4. --- Attitude towards English advertisements in Chinese Magazines --- p.133 / Chapter 7.5. --- Relations of Social Background factors to the different Aspects of Studies --- p.133 / Chapter 7.6. --- Interactions of the different components in Advertising --- p.153 / Chapter 7.7. --- Limitations of the Study --- p.157 / Chapter 8. --- Conclusion --- p.160 / Chapter 8.1. --- Summary and Conclusion --- p.160 / Chapter 8.2. --- Implications --- p.162 / Chapter 8.3. --- Recommendations for Further Research Studies --- p.165 / References and Bibliography --- p.167 / Appendices --- p.175

The causes and consequences of police stress has received considerable research interest. Reversal theory postulates some individuals may inherently require higher (Le. paratelic) arousal levels, compared with those seeking lower (Le. telic) arousal levels. This present study investigated: (i) psychological problems experienced between British police officers, special (voluntary) police and civilian support staff; (ii) telic and paratelic dominance; (iii) use of humour; (iv) dimensions of police humour; and (v) predictors of police psychological problems, telic dominance and humour use. A mixed, cross-sectional survey design was employed. Questionnaires were sent to all police officers, support staff and specials (N = 373) within one division of a provincial police service. Participants completed the following measures: (i) Coping Humour Scale (CHS); (ii) Multi-dimensional Sense of Humour Scale (MSHS); (iii) Telic Dominance Scale (TDS); and (v) Employee Assistance Program Inventory (EAPI). Questionnaires were returned from 191 participants (51% response rate). For overall CHS and MSHS scores, no significant differences between groups were found; although police gender differences were significant. MSHS police dimensions deviated from previous samples. Overall TDS scores were significantly higher for specials. For all three groups, EAPI subscale scores were normative, but with significantly higher substance use reported by police. Police EAPI scores were generally significantly higher, indicative of greater psychological difficulties. Predictors of police psychological problems, TDS, CHS and MSHS scores are reported. These results suggest that police may have a paratelic dominance, in which humour provides a valuable and adaptive mechanism for pOlice stress. Clinical implications are discussed in light of these results.