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Amongst the breathtaking and mountainous landscapes of the Western Highlands is a highly indigenous Mayan population stricken with challenges of food insecurity and extreme poverty. Despite efforts by governmental and non-governmental organizations alike to combat these challenges, the results of chronic malnutrition have led to some of the highest child stunting rates in all of Guatemala, particularly in the department of Totonicapán, where this study took place. To date, information is limited regarding agricultural programs that utilize the rabbit as a model to reduce food insecurity in Guatemala. Thus, a novel agricultural education program, Guatemala Rabbit Project (GRP), was developed using a farm-to-fork and hands-on training approach to provide women with knowledge and skills needed to successfully raise rabbits for household consumption. The overarching purpose of this study is to evaluate the GRP as an agricultural intervention among women in three Western Highlands communities. The REAIM evaluation framework, developed for and widely utilized to evaluate public health interventions, was used to assess reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance of the GRP among participants. The first aim of this study was to conduct a process evaluation utilizing reach, adoption, and implementation dimensions of RE-AIM. Findings suggest that the target population was reached, and adoption rates (84%) were promising. In general, GRP adopters adhered to the best management practices taught during the training, as reflected by observational scores across a variety of management topics indicating successful implementation. The second study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of the GRP utilizing effectiveness and maintenance dimensions of RE-AIM. Findings suggest that the GRP could serve as a household agricultural intervention based on the reported benefits and positive unintended outcomes discovered. Participants provided feedback about challenges that will be used to expand training content. Overall, findings provide evidence that the GRP could be a sustainable agricultural intervention, increasing access to animal protein while also providing households with an additional source of income.

The present investigation was done in the parish of Chaltura, Granja "La Pradera" which belongs to the University Técnica del Norte. The main objective of this investigation was to determine the primary levels of the residues of the seeds of wheat, maize, barley for the elaboration of the food mixture for rabbits. The evaluated variables, food consumed, weight gain, food value, protein percentage, production cost per treatment. Previously to the initiation of the field phase bromatological analysis were done on the three food mixtures in the National Institute of Farming Investigation, Quality and Nutrition Area. The treatments were four: TI 13.84% of protein, T2 15.87% of protein, T3 19.57% of protein, T4 (Testigo) 18% of protein The field phase lasted 90 days and 48 rabbits of the New Zealand race were used, 50% males, 50% females each of 45 days old. A randomly design was used with four treatments and six repetitions, also in the different determined significant cases between the used treatments in the Tukey 5% test From the analysis obtained the results were to administer food with a low level of protein, animal consume a major quantity like we can observe in the results of the TI which has 13.84% of protein raising the production costs, while in the major treatment the T2, which has 15.87% of protein, because of its composition it was good tasting for the animals, making the consumption of the food will increase the normal weight, and the cost of production per Kg. Of food is $0.28. The T3 has 19.57% of protein the same which is in excess since the animals only assimilate what they need and the rest is the cost of production per Kg. Of food is $0.28. The T3 has 19.57% of protein the same which is in excess since the animals only assimilate what they need and the rest is waste, besides raising the protein level, this raises the cost of the food mixture. And the commercial food the T4 (Testigo) had reasonable results, in the food consumption of the pellet food mixture like the weight increase, but it is not recommended for farming families for the cost of Kg. $0.40, giving also another alternative like the T2(15.87% of protein) with a cost of Kg. Of $0.28. Besides the experimental mixtures to the animals water was supplied and 150 gr. Of alfalfa in the afternoon on a daily basis. An enabling study was done about the raising of rabbits, and the elaboration of the food mixtures in the various families of the Agualongo, Chimbaloma, Pucará, Peguche, Imbaya, Iluman, Compania, Agato, Calpaqui, Punyaro, Quinchuqui, communities, all belonging to Antonio Ante and Otavalo.

This study was done by administering household surveys to 50% of the families in the three communities. Families were selected through stratified random sampling. This allowed us to determine how much families are exploiting species that have a significant level of production as well as whether they use them for a commercial activity or subsistence. With regard to cows, 60.40 ± 4.72% of families use them. Each family has an average of 1.68 ± 0.21 cows. Productive cows make up 36.9% of the above percentage, which is a majority. The measured rate of production was 6.48 ± 0.25 L/cow/day. Overall, 40.16 ± 3.17% of production was used for household consumption while the rest was sold. These parameters as well as the sale of live animals helped San Nicolas have an annual income of 735 US dollars, which shows that this community relies more on commercial activity. On the other hand, San Clemente and San Francisco had annual incomes of 367 and 279 US dollars respectively. This shows that these communities focus more on familial subsistence. Of the major species, sheep are the least exploited with 54.80 ± 8.74% of families using them. The first lambing occurs at 17.79 ± 0.48 months. Newborns are weaned at 5.57 ± 0.11 months by only 27.27 ± 4.47% of families. Of the weaned newborns, 60.69 ± 5.13% are kept and the rest are sold. Every 10.46 ± 0.47 months, 77.96% of the wool produced is sold. Generally, the sheep are sol d at 22.84 ± 1.75 months of age. This generates an average annual income of 40.85 ± 19.26 US dollars, which indicates that this activity is focused on familial subsistence. Swine production is the most common form of animal production. Pigs are exploited by 81.86 ± 7.17% of families with each family having an average of 2.11 ± 0.16 animals. A sow’s first delivery occurs at 16.48 ± 0.48 months and their productive life comes after reproducing 1.98 ± 0.15 times. Each litter has 5.72 ± 0.19 offspring with a post-weaning mortality rate of 28.99 ± 4.82%. Offspring are weaned at 2.90 ± 0.12 months. Overall, 65.13% of the weaned offspring are kept and the rest are sold. Annual revenue from pig production is 63.2 ± 22.46 US dollars which indicates it is used for familial subsistence, acting as a safeguard against economic emergencies at times. Of the minor species, the guinea pig is the most exploited. It is used by 86.11 ± 3.65% of families with each family having an average of 12.04 ± 1.31 guinea pigs. The mothers have an average of 2.44 ± 0.06 offspring per litter with a weaning rate of 75.81 ± 4.33%. Overall, 86.91% of production is used for family consumption and the rest is sold. The annual income generated by this activity is 6.24 ± 0.51 US dollars which indicates that this is an activity dedicated to providing food for the family. Rabbits are used by 49.42 ± 5.23% of families, each having an average of 4.03 ± 0.64 animals. There is an average of 6.57 ± 0.29 newborns per litter with a weaning rate of 41.16 ± 5.20%. Overall, 80.18 ± 4.16% of production is used for family consumption. This activity is similar to guinea pig production seeing as the annual income it generates is only 12.80 ± 1.10 US dollars. Chickens are exploited by 77.33 ± 4.39% of families with each family having an average of 5.88 ± 0.60 animals. Broiler chickens make up 48.22% of the poultry population with the rest being made up of native and field hens. Overall, 68.96% of broiler chickens are used for family consumption while 89.31 ± 3.27% of hens are used for family consumption. The annual income from this activity is 40.13 ± 19.24 US dollars. This makes it appear to have a slight tendency toward commercial use. We conclude that the three communities have different levels of animal exploitation. San Nicolas was the most successful of the three, partially using their livestock production for commercial purposes. San Clemente used part of theirs for commercial purposes as well, but on a lower scale. San Francisco, on the other hand, focuses their livestock production solely on familial subsistence. We recommend that a study be conducted regarding all points involved in the feasibility of production projects in these communities, especially in regard to the organization in each community. This will help improve production levels and make way for a change from a subsistence based economy to a more commercially based economy, ultimately improving the social and nutritional levels of these families.

This study, concerned with evaluation of Cottontail Rabbit management techniques, was conducted at Camp Pickett, Virginia, a 47,000-acre deactivated military reservation. This public hunting area is managed cooperatively by the U. S. Second Army and the Virginia Commission of Game and Inland Fisheries. Cottontail Rabbit population fluctuations were measured by roadside counts during the summer months. It was found that a precipitous drop in the rabbit population occurred in mid-August. The suspected etiology of this population drop was disease, although no research data were collected to substantiate this theory. Land-cultural treatments were calculated by means of pellet counts and live-trapping. The treatments extant on Camp Pickett are installation of annual game bird mix and clover-small grain food patches, seeding of firelanes in fescue and clover-fescue combination, burning and mowing. Summer pellet counts showed the rabbit to be utilizing the annual mix food patches more than any other treatment type. The clover-small grain food patch was next in preference. Utilization of the remaining treatment types, which were mostly located in forested area, was rather low. Fall trapping data revealed a switch to the clover-small grain management unit, with the annual mix running second. Utilization of the other treatment types was again low. Winter trapping data showed an even greater preference for the clover-small grain than was found in the fall. Spring pellet count data resembled that obtained in the previous summer, with the exception of the burned areas, which received substantial usage by the rabbit. Differences between spring pellet count data and winter trapping data are believed due to an accumulation of older pellets. A pellet durability study showed winter loss of pellets to be minimal. An attempt to evaluate various population estimation formulae by live-trapping a known cottontail population in a five-acre enclosure met with failure when deer knocked down the fence, hunters poached, and rabbits were lost from various other causes, often unknown. A record was kept of all parasites, disease and injury encountered in the rabbit population. Forty-two per cent of all rabbits handled either were or presented evidence of having been infested with bot fly larvae. An incidence of 2.2 per cent of Shope's fibroma was found. A record was kept of all cottontail deaths known to have been caused by motor vehicles. The number of deaths per mile of highway traveled became progressively higher through the months of July to April, even though the rabbit population became progressively lower. This increasing highway kill was apparently due to the increased movement required of the rabbit in the winter months when food and cover are scarce, and the increased movement that occurs among the rabbit population when the spring breeding season arrives. / Master of Science

No / The aim of this study was to develop a synthetic hydrogel to act as a corneal substitute capable of selectively supporting the adhesion and proliferation of limbal epithelial cells (LECs) while inhibiting growth of limbal fibroblasts. Deficiency of LECs causes conjunctival epithelial cells to move over the cornea, producing a thick scar pannus. Unilateral defects can be treated using LEC cultured from the unaffected eye, transplanting them to the affected cornea after scar tissue is removed. The underlying wound bed is often damaged, however, hence the need to develop a corneal inlay to aid in corneal re-epithelialization. Transparent epoxy-functional polymethacrylate networks were synthesized using a combination of glycerol monomethacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, lauryl methacrylate and glycidyl methacrylate that produced two different bulk hydrogel compositions with different equilibrium water contents (EWCs): Base 1 and Base 2, EWC=55% and 35%, respectively. Two sets of amine-functional hydrogels were produced following reaction of the epoxide groups with excesses of either ammonia, 1,2-diamino ethane, 1,3-diamino propane, 1,4-diamino butane or 1,6-diamino hexane. Neither series of hydrogels supported the proliferation of limbal fibroblasts irrespective of amine functionalization but they both supported the adhesion and proliferation of limbal epithelial cells, particularly when functionalized with 1,4-diamino butane. With Base 1 hydrogels (less so with Base 2) a vigorous epithelial outgrowth was seen from small limbal explants and a confluent epithelial layer was achieved in vitro within 6days. The data support the development of hydrogels specific for epithelial formation.

En esta tesis se aborda el estudio de la grasa intramuscular como característica determinante de la calidad de la carne para ser utilizado en programas genéticos. El conejo se plantea no sólo por su interés como especie ganadera sino como modelo en otras especies. Este estudio se divide en tres experimentos, cada uno de ellos representa cada uno de los tres objetivos específicos de esta tesis: 1. Estudiar la variabilidad genética entre líneas de conejo de factores ligados directamente a la deposición de grasa tanto en músculo como en tejido adiposo, como son las enzimas que participan en la síntesis y degradación de la grasa y en la composición en ácidos grasos. 2. Puesta a punto de una calibración NIRS para estimar grasa intramuscular y la evaluación de su uso en programas de selección en conejo. 3. Selección divergente por grasa intramuscular. Estudio de las posibilidades de éxito de la selección por grasa intramuscular y conocer las relaciones genéticas entre caracteres examinando la respuesta correlacionada. Supone el inicio de una nueva línea de investigación en metabolismo lipídico, que puede servir tanto a la producción de conejo como animal de carne como al uso del conejo como modelo experimental. Es la primera vez que se propone un experimento de selección divergente por grasa intramuscular. Este experimento permitirá conocer mejor las relaciones genéticas entre la grasa intramuscular, la grasa de la canal, así como las relaciones con otros caracteres productivos. El conocimiento de estas relaciones genéticas va a ser fundamental para futuros programas de mejora genética en todas las especies ganaderas. / Zomeño Segado, C. (2013). ANÁLISIS GENÉTICO DE LA GRASA INTRAMUSCULAR EN CONEJO-GENETIC ANALISYS OF INTRAMUSCULAR FAT IN RABBITS [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/31121

Orientador: José Luiz Laus / Banca: Auero Evangelista Santana / Banca: Thiago Luiz de Salles Gomes / Resumo: Avaliaram-se descritivamente, à clínica, à histopatologia e à imunoistoquímica (ki 67- marcador de proliferação celular) os resultados, da cicatrização da córnea, após ceratoplastias lamelares com membrana de celulose microfibrilar em coelhos. Para tal, utilizaram-se 30 coelhos , distribuídos em 5 grupos de 6 animais, avaliados por até 60 dias de pós operatório. A avaliação clínica revelou manifestações moderadas de edema, blefaroespasmos, fotofobia desde o segundo dia, evoluindo para formas discretas ou ausentes a partir do sétimo dia, onde observou-se clinicamente o reparo do defeito da córnea. A histopatologia revelou uma fina camada de células escamosas, recobrindo totalmente a área lesada, aos sete dias, e com leve infiltrado de células polimorfonucleares. Observou-se a presença de vasos no epitélio a partir do 15º dia , com regressão aos 48º dias .A imunoistoquímica mostrou aumento de células em proliferação aos 15 dias no epitélio (p= 0,049) e aos trinta dias no estroma (p= 0,042). Frente aos resultados obtidos, há como admitir que mesmo com o defeito corneal concluído, aos sete dias, o sistema de defesa celular ainda se manteve ativo, pois a proliferação celular no epitélio se mostrou mais intensa aos 15 dias de observação ,conforme demonstrado imunoistoquimicamente. Onde nesse período ocorreu remodelamento e adesão epitelial da córnea, características satisfatórias em ceratoplastia lamelar em coelhos . / Abstract: Were evaluated the clinic, the histopathology and immunohistochemistry (ki 67 - marker of cell proliferation), the results of the membrane of cellulose in lamellar keratoplasty in rabbits. To this end, 30 rabbits were used, divided into 5 groups of 6 animals, assessed by up to 60 days of post-operative. The assessment showed clinical manifestations of moderate swelling, blefarospasmos, photophobia since the second day, evolving into discrete forms or absent from the seventh day, where there was clinically repair the defect of the cornea. The histopathology revealed a thin layer of squamous cells, completely covering the injured area, the seven days, and with mild infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells. There was the presence of vessels in the epithelium from the 15 th day, with regression of days to 48. Immunohistochemistry showed increased cell proliferation in the 15 days in the epithelium (p = 0049) and the thirty days in the stroma (p = 0042) . Facing the results achieved, as there admit that even with the beginning of healing, and with the defect of the cornea closed to seven days, the system of defence cell remained active, as in the epithelial cell proliferation was more intense at 15 days, as shown imunoistochemistry. Where in that period showed epithelial remodeling and membership, characteristics satisfactory in lamellar keratoplasty in rabbits. / Mestre

Les attentes sociétales s’orientent vers une consommation saine, et provenant de systèmes agricoles durables. En filière cunicole, la maîtrise des pathologies digestives nécessite le recours à l'antibiothérapie curative ou préventive. La recherche d’alternatives à l’utilisation d’antibiotiques en élevages cunicoles est donc primordiale pour augmenter la durabilité de cette production. Les stratégies de limitation de la quantité d’aliment ingérée sont une des solutions possibles à ce problème, puisqu'elles améliorent la résistance du jeune lapin aux troubles digestifs. Ce travail de thèse a pour objectif d’étudier les mécanismes sous-jacents à cet effet favorable des stratégies de rationnement, et aussi d'analyser le comportement alimentaire du lapin restreint en relation avec son bien-être. Cet objectif se scinde en deux parties étudiées. La première partie a pour but de déterminer quelle caractéristique de la restriction alimentaire limite les troubles digestifs en engraissement. La seconde partie s’intéresse aux paramètres biologiques potentiellement influencés par cette stratégie d’alimentation. Les paramètres considérés sont reliés à plusieurs domaines de biologie : enzymologie, histométrie, écosystème bactérien cæcal. Une restriction de l'ingéré de -25% réduit la croissance mais améliore significativement l’efficacité digestive (de 4 à 6% entre 28 et environ 50 jours d'âge) des lapins en engraissement, qui peut s'expliquer par une plus forte digestibilité des fractions protéique (4,5%), énergétique (5,3%) et fibreuses (NDF : 8,9%, ADF : 9,7%, hémicelluloses: 7,9%, cellulose : 11,5%). Cependant, la structure, la diversité et la densité de la communauté bactérienne cæcale sont peu modifiées chez l'animal restreint sain. Des modifications du comportement alimentaire ont été soulignées au cours de ce travail. Ainsi, le rythme d’ingestion, fonction du rythme nycthéméral pour les lapins nourris à volonté, est dépendant du moment de distribution de l’aliment pour les animaux restreints. Après 18 jours de restriction, les lapins ingèrent un tiers de la quantité qui leur est distribuée en 2 heures, et la totalité en moins de 10 heures. Mais aucune agressivité ou compétition n’a été observée entre les animaux restreints. Plusieurs pistes peuvent expliquer l’efficacité de cette stratégie d’alimentation sur la santé digestive du lapereau. Ainsi, les résultats obtenus au cours de la reproduction d’une colibacillose (Escherichia coli O128:C6) suggèrent une stabilisation de l’écosystème iléal par la restriction alimentaire après l’infection. D'autre part, au niveau cæcal l'activité des communautés bactériennes serait modulée, même si pour ce modèle, l'effet d'une ingestion limitée semble faible sur le statut sanitaire. Enfin, l’alternance de périodes de satiété et de périodes de faim stimule la libération sanguine d’hormones (ghréline notamment) qui pourraient moduler la fonction immunitaire. En perspectives, il serait pertinent d'étudier plus précisément les fonctions liées au statut immunitaire ou endocrinologique. De plus, l'étude plus approfondie de la communauté bactérienne cæcale, en ciblant certaines espèces, pourrait apporter un complément d’informations sur les interactions entre ingestion et symbiote digestif et lors d'une approche comparée de 2 modèles pathogèniques : EPEC vs. EEL. / Societal expectations are moving towards healthy food from sustainable farming systems. In rabbit industry, control of digestive diseases requires the use of curative or preventive antibiotics. The search for alternatives to the use of antibiotics in rabbit breeding is thus crucial to improve sustainability of this production. Strategies for limiting the amount of feed ingested are one possible solution to this problem, since they improve the digestive resistance of young rabbits. This thesis aims to study the mechanisms underlying this positive effect of restriction strategies, and also to analyze the feeding behaviour of restricted rabbit in relation to their welfare. This objective is divided into two parts. The first part aims to determine which characteristic of feeding restriction limits the digestive disorders in fattening. The second part deals with the biological parameters potentially influenced by this feeding strategy. The parameters considered are related to several areas of biology: enzymology, histometry, digestive bacterial ecosystem A reduction of feed intake of -25% reduced growth, but significantly improved digestive efficiency (4 to 6% between 28 and 50 days old) of fattening rabbits which can be explained by a higher protein digestibility (4.5%), energy (5.3%) and fibres (NDF: 8.9%, ADF: 9.7%, hemicellulose 7.9%, cellulose: 11.5%). However, the structure, diversity and density of the caecal bacterial community are little changed in the healthy animal fed restricted. Changes in eating behaviour were highlighted during this work. Thus, the rhythm of intake, depending on the circadian rhythm in rabbits fed ad libitum, is function of the feed distribution time for restricted animals. After 18 days of restriction, rabbits ingest in 2 hours the third of the quantity supplied, and the entire amount within 10 hours. No aggression or competition was observed between animals. Several hypotheses could explain the effectiveness of this strategy on digestive health in young rabbit. Thus, the results obtained during the reproduction of colibacillosis (Escherichia coli O128: C6) suggest a stabilization of the ileal ecosystem after infection. On the other hand, the main activity of bacterial communities of caecum would be modulated, even if for this model a limited intake moderately modified the sanitary status. Finally, the alternation of periods of satiety and hunger may stimulate the release of hormones (e.g. ghrelin) that could modulate immune function. In perspective, it would be appropriate to study more precisely the functions related to immune or endocrine status.In addition, a deeper study of the caecal bacterial community by targeting some species could provide additional informations on the interactions between intake and digestive symbiote, and on a comparative approach of the two pathogenic models: EPEC vs. REE.

Este estudo avaliou a efetividade de uma nova membrana bioabsorvível com propriedades mecânicas e químicas mais adequadas para o uso em tendões. A avaliação foi realizada em coelhos submetidos a reconstrução da porção gastrocnêmia do tendão calcâneo. Foi feita uma avaliação prévia das propriedades mecânicas da membrana com uso de dinamômetro digital que demonstrou capacidade de deformação elástica mínima de 100%. Todos os coelhos foram submetidos a tenotomia e reparo da porção gastrocnêmia do tendão direito, após isso foram randomicamente separados em grupos envelopado com membrana e controle. A extração foi realizada nos seguintes períodos: sete, 14 e 28 dias. A avaliação foi realizada através da macroscopia, histologia, mensuração objetiva do colágeno à luz polarizada pelo image-J®, mensuração de glicosaminoglicanos sulfatados e expressão gênica de proteoglicanos. Na avaliação macroscópica o grupo com membrana apresentou menos aderência e melhor direcionamento das fibras e tecido mais homogêneo em 14 e 28 dias, p=0,02 e 0,03 respectivamente. Na histologia a Classificação de Watkins modificada apresentou as seguintes médias: 14,67±0,42 membrana e 12,67±0,56 sem membrana, p=0,03 em 14 dias, e 19,88±0,83 membrana e 17,25±0,62 sem membrana, p=0,02 em 28 dias. Na mensuração do colágeno as médias dos valores de cinza(mvc) o colágeno tipo III foram de 17,97±1,83 membrana e 12,63±1,07 sem membrana p=0,03 em 14 dias. Para o colágeno tipo I as médias foram de 2,41±0,33mvc membrana e 1,31±0,18mvc sem membrana p=0,01 em 14 dias e 7,30±0,63mvc membrana e 2,92±0,32mvc sem membrana p < 0,0001 em 28 dias. A média dos GAGs foi avaliada em três porções do tendão, proximal, central e distal, em ug/mg de tecido seco. Em sete dias apresentou diferença significativa apenas na porção distal 0,80±0,04 com e 0,38±0,04 sem membrana para condroitin-sulfato em 14 dias não apresentou diferenças entre os grupos. O dermatan-sulfato apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante em 7 dias apenas na porção central 0,42±0,09 com membrana e 1,29±0,67 sem membrana p=0,02. Em 14 dias não foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos. Houve grande variabilidade na expressão gênica no teste das amostras com beta-Actina e GAPDH levando a resultados inconclusivos ou não variação entre os grupos que pode sugerir não variabilidade na expressão gênica dos GAGs no período de 28 dias. Os dados fornecidos por esse trabalho mostram que a envelopagem com a membrana bioabsorvível promoveu aceleração dos processos cicatriciais da porção gastrocnêmia do tendão calcâneo de coelhos / This study assessed the effectiveness of a new absorbable membrane, that presents mechanical and chemical features more suitable to tendons, in rabbit tendons. Before the animal model assessments a mechanical study of the membrane was carried out demonstrating that the minimal capability for elastic deformation of the membrane was more than 100%. All rabbits underwent to tenotomy and reconstruction of the right gastrocnius tendons, thereafter they were randomly divided in tendon wrapped by the membrane and control groups. Extraction was performed in the following periods of time: seven, 14 and 28 days. Assessments used macroscopy, histology, objective collagen assessment by using polarized light and Image-J® program in mean of gray values(mgv), sulphated glycosaminoglycans, genetic expression of proteoglycans. In the macroscopic 14 and 21-day assessments the membrane group presented less adherences p=0.02 and p=0.03 respectively. The modified Watkins classification: 14,67±0,42 membrane and 12,67±0,56 without membrane p=0,03 for 14 days; 19,88±0,83 membrane and 17,25±0,62 without membrane p=0,02 for 28 days. The type III collagen were 17,97±1,83 membrane and 12,63±1,07 without membrane p=0,029 for 14 days. For type I collagen were 2,41±0,33 membrane and 1,31±0,18 without membrane p=0,01 for 14 days and 7,30±0,63 memebrane and 2,92±0,32 without membrane p < 0,0001 for 28 days. The glycosaminoglycans were measured in 3 tendon portions, distal, central and proximal, by using ug/mg of dry tissue. In seven days just the distal part presented statistical differences 0,80±0,04 membrane and 0,38±0,04 without membrane, for 14 days no differences were found for Chondroitin-Sulphate. For Dermatan-Sulphate the central part of the tendon 0,42±0,09 and 1,29±0,67 p=0,02, for 14 days no differences were found. There was high variability for beta-actin and GAPDH for the samples in 28 days with inconclusive results that may mean no variability in gene expression of GAGs at this time period. Results as mentioned above demonstrated that the wrapped tendons by the new membrane presented acceleration in the healing processes for gastrocnemius tendons of New Zealand Rabbits