Submitted by PPG Gerontologia Biom?dica (geronbio@pucrs.br) on 2018-04-20T12:10:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Margutti_Karen_Mello_de_Mattos_ tese.pdf: 6049377 bytes, checksum: 724239d57250b5e008279fb0a6c837db (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-08T17:17:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Margutti_Karen_Mello_de_Mattos_ tese.pdf: 6049377 bytes, checksum: 724239d57250b5e008279fb0a6c837db (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-08T17:23:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Margutti_Karen_Mello_de_Mattos_ tese.pdf: 6049377 bytes, checksum: 724239d57250b5e008279fb0a6c837db (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-18 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Sarcopenia is defined as the presence of low muscle mass associated with low muscle strength and/or low physical performance. The outset and evolution of sarcopenia is marked by Inflammation. Studies have shown that supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may modulate the inflammatory response, thereby aiding protein synthesis and muscle anabolism. Four articles are presented in this thesis, one a systematic literature review and three original articles (cross-sectional design, involving 400 elderly participants of community social groups). The first article, INFLAMMATORY MARKERS, SARCOPENIA AND ITS DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA IN THE ELDERLY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW, sought to understand the relationship between inflammatory markers and sarcopenia and their diagnostic criteria in the elderly. Four of the 154 pre-selected articles were included. An association was found between the inflammatory markers only and the diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia. The second article, SARCOPENIA AND ITS DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA IN THE ELDERLY: DESCRIPTION OF FREQUENCY AND ASSOCIATION WITH GENDER, AGE, NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND LEVEL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, described the frequency of sarcopenia and its diagnostic criteria, and analyzed its association with gender, age, nutritional status and level of physical activity. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 27.8%, found more frequently in men (50.0%-P<0.001) and those ?80 years (46.3%-P=0.005). Low muscle mass was more common in men, while low muscle strength and low physical performance were more frequent in the elderly ?80 years. No association was found between sarcopenia and its diagnostic criteria with nutritional status and level of physical activity. The third article, POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS IN THE COMMUNITY ELDERLY: DESCRIPTION OF SERUM CONCENTRATIONS AND DIETARY INTAKE, AND ASSOCIATION WITH SARCOPENIA AND ITS DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA, detailed the serum concentrations and dietary intake of PUFAs, and analyzed their association with sarcopenia and its diagnostic criteria. Serum PUFA concentrations were not associated with sarcopenia. Higher concentrations of dihomo-gamma-linolenic and adrenal acids were associated with low muscle strength and low physical performance, respectively. A lower consumption of PUFA was observed in relation to the recommended and lower omega 6/omega 3 ratio among people with sarcopenia. No association was found between PUFA consumption and diagnostic criteria. The fourth article, INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKERS, SARCOPENIA AND ITS DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA IN THE SOCIALLY ACTIVE ELDERLY, described the serum concentrations of inflammatory markers and evaluated their association with sarcopenia and its diagnostic criteria. Sarcopenia was associated with lower concentrations of adiponectina. Low muscle mass and low muscle strength were associated with lower adiponectin concentrations and higher hs-CRP, respectively. Low physical performance was associated with lower concentrations of IL-10 and adiponectin, and higher concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-?. Women and the overweight elderly with sarcopenia presented lower concentrations of adiponectin. In conclusion, a high prevalence of sarcopenia was observed in the socially active elderly. The lower food intake of PUFA highlights the need for nutritional interventions. The relationship between sarcopenia and its diagnostic criteria with serum polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations and inflammatory markers indicates the need to develop new research in order to clarify the mechanisms involved. Further studies are suggested to advance the investigation of PUFA and inflammatory marker interactions in sarcopenia. / A sarcopenia ? definida como a presen?a de baixa massa muscular associada ? baixa for?a muscular e/ou baixo desempenho f?sico. Na g?nese e evolu??o da sarcopenia, encontra-se a inflama??o. Estudos t?m demonstrado que a suplementa??o de ?cidos graxos poli-insaturados (PUFA) pode modular a resposta inflamat?ria, auxiliando a s?ntese proteica e o anabolismo muscular. Nesta tese, s?o apresentados quatro artigos, um de revis?o sistem?tica e tr?s originais (com delineamento transversal, no qual foram avaliados 400 idosos frequentadores de grupos de conviv?ncia). No primeiro artigo, MARCADORES INFLAMAT?RIOS, SARCOPENIA E SEUS CRIT?RIOS DIAGN?STICOS EM IDOSOS: UMA REVIS?O SISTEM?TICA, buscou-se conhecer a rela??o de marcadores inflamat?rios com sarcopenia e seus crit?rios diagn?sticos em idosos. De 154 artigos pr?-selecionados, foram inclu?dos quatro. Verificou-se associa??o de marcadores inflamat?rios somente com os crit?rios diagn?sticos de sarcopenia. No segundo artigo, SARCOPENIA E SEUS CRIT?RIOS DIAGN?STICOS EM IDOSOS: DESCRI??O DA FREQU?NCIA E ASSOCIA??O COM SEXO, IDADE, ESTADO NUTRICIONAL E N?VEL DE ATIVIDADE F?SICA, foi descrita a frequ?ncia de sarcopenia e de seus crit?rios diagn?sticos e analisada a associa??o com sexo, idade, estado nutricional e n?vel de atividade f?sica. A preval?ncia de sarcopenia foi 27,8%, sendo mais frequente nos indiv?duos masculinos (50,0%-P<0,001) e ?80 anos (46,3%-P=0,05). Baixa massa muscular foi mais frequente nos homens. Baixa for?a muscular e baixo desempenho f?sico foram mais frequentes nos idosos ? 80 anos. N?o houve associa??o de sarcopenia e seus crit?rios com estado nutricional e n?vel de atividade f?sica. No terceiro artigo, ?CIDOS GRAXOS POLI-INSATURADOS EM IDOSOS DA COMUNIDADE: DESCRI??O DAS CONCENTRA??ES S?RICAS E DO CONSUMO ALIMENTAR E ASSOCIA??O COM SARCOPENIA E SEUS CRIT?RIOS DIAGN?STICOS, foram descritas as concentra??es s?ricas e o consumo alimentar de PUFA e analisou-se a sua associa??o com sarcopenia e seus crit?rios diagn?sticos. Concentra??es s?ricas de PUFA n?o se associaram com a sarcopenia. Maiores concentra??es dos ?cidos di-homo-gama-linol?nico e adr?nico associaram-se com baixa for?a muscular e baixo desempenho f?sico, respectivamente. Houve menor consumo de PUFA, em rela??o ao preconizado, e menor raz?o ?mega 6/?mega 3 entre sarcop?nicos. N?o houve associa??o entre consumo de PUFA e crit?rios diagn?sticos. No quarto artigo, BIOMARCADORES INFLAMAT?RIOS, SARCOPENIA E SEUS CRIT?RIOS DIAGN?STICOS EM IDOSOS SOCIALMENTE ATIVOS, foram descritas as concentra??es s?ricas dos marcadores inflamat?rios e avaliada a sua associa??o com a sarcopenia e seus crit?rios diagn?sticos. A sarcopenia associou-se com menores concentra??es de adiponectina. Baixa massa muscular e baixa for?a muscular associaram-se com menores concentra??es de adiponectina e maiores de PCR-us, respectivamente. O baixo desempenho f?sico associou-se com menores concentra??es de IL-10 e adiponectina e maiores de IL-6 e TNF-?. Mulheres sarcop?nicas e idosos sarcop?nicos com sobrepeso apresentaram menores concentra??es de adiponectina. Concluindo, em idosos socialmente ativos, observou-se alta preval?ncia de sarcopenia. O menor consumo alimentar de PUFA salienta a necessidade de interven??es nutricionais. A rela??o entre sarcopenia e seus crit?rios diagn?sticos com as concentra??es s?ricas de ?cidos graxos poli-insaturados e marcadores inflamat?rios instiga o desenvolvimento de novas investiga??es a fim de elucidar os mecanismos envolvidos. Sugere-se a realiza??o de estudos adicionais para avan?ar na investiga??o da intera??o dos PUFA e marcadores inflamat?rios na sarcopenia.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-03-12T20:03:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ClaudianaDaSilvaSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 1266016 bytes, checksum: 72f431533cb6fc5d7e9bae73d5ba1e34 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-03-16T18:50:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ClaudianaDaSilvaSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 1266016 bytes, checksum: 72f431533cb6fc5d7e9bae73d5ba1e34 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-16T18:50:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ClaudianaDaSilvaSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 1266016 bytes, checksum: 72f431533cb6fc5d7e9bae73d5ba1e34 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-24 / Objetivou-se avaliar a adi??o de diferentes Blends de ?leos vegetais em ra??es para su?nos em termina??o. Foram utilizados 24 su?nos machos castrados, com peso m?dio inicial de 72 ? 3,4 Kg/PV em delineamento em blocos casualizados contendo quatro tratamentos e seis repeti??es. Os tratamentos consistiram de: ?leo de soja - 100%; e da combina??o dos diferentes ?leos formando: Blend 1- (50% ?leo de soja, 25% ?leo de linha?a, 12,5% ?leo de oliva e 12,5% ?leo de canola); Blend 2- (25% de ?leo de soja, 50% de ?leo de linha?a, 12.5% oliva e 12.5 % canola); e Blend 3- (25% de ?leo de soja, 12,5% ?leo de linha?a, 12,5% ?leo de oliva e 50% ?leo de canola). Foram avaliados o desempenho, os par?metros quantitativos e qualitativos da carca?a, o perfil de ?cidos graxos e a viabilidade econ?mica das dietas. O uso dos Blends nas dietas n?o influenciou o desempenho nem a qualidade da carca?a, mas aumentou o marmoreio e o rendimento de carca?a. O perfil de ?cidos graxos do lombo apresentou maiores quantidades de ?cido este?rico no Blend 3 e maior percentual de ?cidos graxos insaturados nos animais do Blend 1, o tecido adiposo apresentou maior quantidade de ?cido mir?stico no Blend 1 e ?cido oleico no Blend 3. A ra??o controle foi a mais econ?mica. Os Blends n?o ofereceram preju?zo no desempenho e caracter?sticas de carca?a e melhorou o perfil de ?cidos graxos da carne. / The objective of this study was to evaluate the addition of different Blends of vegetable oils in feed for finished pigs. Twenty - four castrated male pigs with initial mean weight of 72 ? 3.4 kg / PV were used in a randomized complete block design with four treatments and six replicates. The treatments consisted of: Control ration - soybean oil 100%; And the combination of the different oils forming: Blend 1- (50% soybean oil, 25% flaxseed oil, 12.5% olive oil and 12.5% canola oil); Blend 2- (25% soybean oil, 50% linseed oil, 12.5% olive and 12.5% canola); And Blend 3- (25% soybean oil, 12.5% flaxseed oil, 12.5% olive oil and 50% canola oil). The performance, the quantitative and qualitative parameters of the carcass, the fatty acid profile and the economic viability of the diets were evaluated. The use of Blends in the diets did not influence the performance nor the quality of the carcass, but increased the marbling, and the carcass yield. The profile of fatty acids of the loin presented higher amounts of stearic acid in Blend 3 and higher percentage of unsaturated fatty acids in the Blend 1 animals, the adipose tissue presented greater amount of myristic acid in Blend 1 and oleic acid in Blend 3. Control was the most economic. The Blends did not adversely affect performance and carcass characteristics and improved the fatty acid profile of meat.