In the digital industry, FTV mainly develops three kinds of business: digital TV, network and cell phone. In the aspect of digital TV, there are ¡§Follow Me TV¡¨ and ¡§Fly Vision¡¨; in the aspect of network, there are ¡§Online TV¡¨ and ¡§FTV-beauty.com¡¨ e-commerce website; and in the aspect of cell phone, there are ¡§Cell-phone TV¡¨ and ¡§FTV Master¡¨ monitoring system. This research adopts ¡§semi-structured interview¡¨ and transaction cost theory to study the motive, type and management actions of FTV strategic alliance and evaluate the performance of the strategic alliance. It is found in this research that, after FTV enters the digital industry, the network TV and transmission stations with simpler alliance motives and type have lower performance in management and see less profit. ¡§Fly Vision¡¨ and ¡§Cell-phone TV¡¨ have complicated motives, including market expansion, cost sharing, risk reducing, technology supplementing and competitive advantage increasing; they have achieved relatively stable growth due to the longer time of alliance. ¡§Follow Me TV¡¨ has the five motives of alliance; however, it fails to reach remarkable performance because the viewership rate of digital TV is not clear. ¡§FTV-beauty.com¡¨ and ¡§FTV Master¡¨ also have the five motives of alliance, but the time of market exploitation is relatively shorter, so it has just seen a relatively high growth and its performance will be steady after that.

Abstract     In global arena there exists a trend to engage in strategic alliances.  The alliances are assumed to be addressing the existing resource gaps that various organizations have. Not only for-profit organizations have a need to fill in the gap, but also non-profit organizations. Various types of alliances are formed to satisfy various needs. One particular form of alliances will be discussed in this thesis is the learning alliance, which is organized in a way to facilitate the knowledge transfer between the partners involved. More specifically, the learning alliance between the university and service companies will be discussed. Even though there has been done studies examining university – industry cooperations, yet they have focused on Natural Science faculties and industry cooperations, while Business Schools did not receive much attention from the researchers. Thus, this thesis will attempt to fill in this research gap by conducting a research on Umeå School of Business and service companies to be able to produce a model for a successful learning alliance      In order to pursue the targeted aim, a qualitative study with semi-structured interviews was conducted. Moreover, a mix of deductive and inductive approach was adopted to facilitate the research.      The analysis indicated that in order to facilitate a successful learning alliance between the Umeå School of Business and service companies, certain requirements should be fulfilled. In particular, the rationale for alliance engagement should be knowledge sharing and knowledge types should create a collective strength. Moreover, the structure of the actual co-operations should satisfy the needs of all the actors involved and there should be adopted practices or experiential and organizational learning to benefit from the learning alliance. In addition, it was identified that the alliance organizers should consider the problems as well, which might affect the performance of the alliance. Finally, the result of the study is presented in the model designed by the authors based on prior theories and the analysis of the respondent’s comments.

Perfectionism in the counselor trainee has the potential to undermine counseling self-efficacy and relationships with client and supervisor (Arkowitz, 1990). Perfectionism is defined as “a predilection for setting extremely high standards and being displeased with anything less” (Webster’s II New College Dictionary, 1995, p. 816). In this study, 143 counselor trainees and 46 supervisors (46 supervisor-trainee dyads) completed surveys designed to assess the relationships between adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism and counseling self-efficacy, the working alliance between supervisor and trainee, as well as the working alliance between trainee and client. Trainee participants completed the Almost Perfect Scale – Revised (Slaney, Rice, Mobley, Trippi, & Ashby, 2001), the Self-Efficacy Inventory (Friedlander & Snyder, 1983), the Supervisory Working Alliance Inventory – Trainee Version (Efstation, Patton & Kardash, 1990) and the Working Alliance Inventory – Short Form Therapist Version (Horvath, 1991). Supervisor participants completed the Supervisory Working Alliance Inventory – Supervisor Version (Efstation, Patton & Kardash, 1990). Results indicated that maladaptive perfectionism was positively correlated with working alliance between trainee and client (r = -.261, p = .002) and positively correlated with the working alliance between supervisor and trainee (from the perspective of the supervisor, r = -.345, p = .019). Results also demonstrated evidence for counseling self-efficacy as a significant moderator between adaptive perfectionism and the supervisory working alliance (from the perspective of the trainee) and between maladaptive perfectionism and the supervisory working alliance (from the perspective of the supervisor). Supervisors should consider perfectionism in counselor trainees as this may affect counseling self-efficacy and working alliances between supervisor and trainee as well as between trainee and client.

Counselor trainees’ stress and coping resources have the potential to influence the relationships formed with supervisors and clients. Two hundred thirty two (N = 232) Master-level counselor trainees completed surveys designed to measure perceived stress, coping resources, the working alliance, and the supervisory working alliance. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire, the Working Alliance Inventory – Short Form Therapist Version (WAI-S; Tracey & Kokotovic, 1989), the Supervisory Working Alliance Inventory – Trainee Version (SWAI-T; Efstation, Patton, & Kardash, 1990), the Perceived Stress Scale – Short Form (PSS; Cohen, Kamarck, & Mermelstein, 1983), and the Coping Resources Inventory for Stress – Short Form (CRIS; Curlette & Matheny, 2008). The working alliance was negatively correlated with Perceived Stress (r = -.25, p < .01) and positively correlated with the coping resources Situational Control, (r = .23, p < .01), Emotional Control (r = .18, p = .01), Social Support From Family (r = .19, p < .01), Mental Tension Control (r = .18, p < .01), and Making Plans (r = .15, p < .05). The supervisory working alliance was negatively correlated with Perceived Stress (r = -.23, p < .01) and positively correlated with the coping resources Situational Control (r = .17, p < .01), Emotional Control (r = .18, p < .01), Social Support From Friends (r = .14, p < .05), Mental Tension Control (r = .22, p < .01), Asserting One’s Rights (r = .13, p < .05), and Trusting Oneself (r = .14, p < .05). After controlling for the primary internship setting, Stress (∆R2 = .055, â = -.21, p < .001) and Social Support from Family (∆R2 = .021, â = -.21, p < .025) explained 7.6% of the variance in the working alliance, F (10, 221) = 3.71, p < .001. After controlling for the number of counseling sessions and total number of weekly individual counseling hours, Perceived Stress (∆R2 = .047, â = -.14, p < .10) and Situational Control (∆R2 = .026, â = .18, p < .025) explained 7.3% of the variance in the supervisory working alliance, F (4, 170) = 7.73, p < .001. Implications for counselor training and implications for research are discussed.

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This research aims at exploring the interaction and differences of the relations among knowledge protection, relationship capital, strategic attribute of knowledge, and alliance performance. Through a mail survey, 95 effective samples of cross-border learning alliances of Taiwanese hi-tech firms were collected and analyzed. Using regression and simultaneous equations models, the proposed model was tested. The main conclusions are presented as follows: 1.Communication, trust, and commitment construct the determinants of relationship capital. 2.Knowledge which has more tacit, complexity, and special attributes is a more significant in strategic asset. 3.It is significant that the strategic attribute of knowledge will guarantee a influence on the relationship capital 4.It follows that the strategic attribute of knowledge that is transferred by alliances maintain a positive influence on knowledge protection by the target focus firm. 5.Relationship capital will guarantee a positive influence apparently on knowledge protection by the focus firm. 6.The higher the degree of relationship capital between alliance partners, the greater the alliance performance between the partners 7.It follows that the higher the degree of individual knowledge protection between alliance partners, the poorer the alliance performance between the partners.

The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate post-international strategic alliance (ISA) formation issues, which have been neglected in the ISA literature. The specific research questions were 1) how do ISA partners develop their relationships? 2) how does this relationship development impact effective management of resources contributed by each ISA partner? and 3) how does effective resource management influence ISA performance? Data were collected by mail and web surveys from those who were/are involved in ISA operations. Structural equation modeling using LISREL was employed to test the conceptual model and multiple regression analysis was adopted to test the moderating effects in the model. The model was modified by introducing second order factors to correctly interpret the relationships between factors and achieve a more parsimonious model. Results indicate that alliance partnership interactions between ISA partners (i.e., reciprocity, transparency, formal and informal communication, two-way and participative communication, and cultural sensitivity) positively influenced the development of desire for joint action between them which is based on trust and commitment. Desire for joint action positively influenced alliance coordination effectiveness (ACE: integration and utilization of resources) which underlies effective resource management between ISA partners. ACE positively affected ISA performance. Market environment turbulence (i.e., host government interference and technology turbulence), however, did not have moderating effects between ACE and ISA performance. The first question was answered by introducing alliance partnership interaction factors which influence the building of the positive relationship between ISA partners. The introduction of ACE explained how ISA partners manage the resources provided by each partner. The significant impact of ACE on ISA performance and the nonsignificant impact of the moderating variables indicate that ACE has strong impact on ISA performance that can absorb the effects of host government interference and technology turbulence in the operation of ISAs.

Though the traditional resource-based view emphasized on the function of alliance to obtain the valuable resources, it still can¡¦t explain the complex alliance integrations completely. Using transaction cost theory to decrease opportunism can not help to build integration mechanisms of alliance. This study employs knowledge-based view to study how to use knowledge integration mechanisms to establish the internal valuable, rare and imperfectly imitable resources for alliance.These internal advantages can help the organization to acquire partner¡¦s critical resources. Based on knowledge based theory, this study, integrating alliance learning perspective and social integration perspective, built an integrative framework in addition to a sample set of 158 cases to explain how to enable alliance to reach its success. Additionally, by means of structural equation model (SEM), we test this integrated model. From the alliance learning perspective, this study not only considers the IT system, but also argues the importance of alliance learning mechanism and learning empowerment integration. First, the relational capability provides the foundations of the learning capability in alliance. Through the relational capability, the company can directly carry out the operational integration and promote the learning mechanism and empowerment, all which form the social integration mechanism s that facilitate to increase the alliance performance. From the social integration perspective, TMT¡¦s joint commitment is a collective action to bring forth active connection, such as relational capability, social integration mechanism and normative integration. Relational capability that is positively influenced by TMT¡¦s commitment is the valuable resources within alliance networks. Relational capability benefits the social integration mechanism and promotes the normative integration, that both of them will enhance good alliance performance.

Tourism is thought to be a prominent industry in the twenty-first century. Domestic tourism strives to break through the restriction of shallow-plate market by expanding channels and clients. With the aid of Kanting and the rise of Blue Fin Tuna Cultural Festival, Pingtung County possesses the potential to become an international tourism market. However, the two scenic spots do not fully represent the complete picture of Pingtung¡¦s cultural tourism. In 2008, Cape No. 7 aroused public attention, pushing the cultural tourism of Pingtung to another peak. It is clear that Pingtung harbors more potentials than what is seen. There are still other cultural scenic spots that are worth exploring. In order to upgrade the county¡¦s tourism potentials, this thesis focuses upon four cases of the county- Sun Ti Men, Dapeng Bay National Scenic Area and two religious historic monuments (Tunglung Temple and Wan-Chin Basilica) and adopts qualitative research method. The results and suggestions are as follows. I. With the popularization of internet and the legalization of media, the cost of communication falls in the recent decade, which is beneficial for tourism. Before the government¡¦s policies are enforced, the two industries spontaneously cooperate through strategic alliance. They are inextricably related. II. The cooperation of the two industries results in immediate marketing effects and the rise of fame; however, the tourist industry and the communication industry in Pingtung are micro-enterprises or small and medium sized enterprises. They have the ambition for creativity and transformation, but the shortage of funds and human resources might result in the dissatisfaction of tourists. Moreover, they also confront the restriction of being a local tourism market and the competition of global electronic commerce. To break through marketing bottleneck and maintain long-term prosperity become the primary tasks. III. The rise and spread of network effect makes every proletarian a communication medium, bringing local tourism low cost and high speed dissemination. In facing the competition of globalization, the entrepreneurs could draw support from the communication channels which are both low cost and effective, such as online websites, video sharing websites (YouTube) and mobile marketing (MMS message) to promote competitiveness, explore alternative marketing channels and expand international tourism markets.

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