Safety Management Systems (SMS) are becoming the industry standard for safety management throughout the aviation industry. As the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) continues to mandate SMS for different segments, the assessment of an organization’s safety culture becomes more important. An SMS can facilitate the development of a strong aviation safety culture. This study describes basic principles and components of an SMS and how safety culture and SMS are integrated. Studies focusing on safety culture assessment were identified for other industries as well as for different areas of the aviation industry. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between an organization’s safety culture and SMS implementation in collegiate flight schools. The research study was designed to determine (a) relationship between SMS implementation and safety culture, (b) the relationship between safety promotion and safety culture, and (c) the relationship between management commitment and safety culture. The study population consisted of 453 individuals at 13 collegiate flight schools. Data were gathered through an online survey to safety officers at collegiate flight schools within the University Aviation Association to determine the level of SMS implementation; and the Collegiate Aviation Program Safety Culture Survey (CAPSCUS) was used to measure the safety culture at those collegiate flight schools. The results indicated that a relationship existed between SMS implementation and safety culture, safety promotion and safety culture, management commitment and safety culture. The relationship for all three was more prominent within the Formal Safety Program major scale of the CAPSCUS. It is recommended that collegiate flight schools examine their existing level of SMS, management commitment, and their safety promotion and assess safety culture within their institution. Future studies should be done to further examine the relationship between SMS implementation and safety culture so that the collegiate flight training environment would have guidance regarding SMS implementation.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-10Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:20:32Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 laplane_g_me_arafcl.pdf: 290605 bytes, checksum: b2fc392729486e5311dffb9f608d0647 (MD5) / A presente dissertação analisa a evolução das políticas regulatórias do transporte aéreo de passageiros no Brasil, identificando as mudanças nas motivações e na forma da intervenção do Governo neste setor desde o início da atividade da aviação no país, até os dias atuais. Entre a década de 1920 e final da década de 1980, o setor era fortemente regulado pelo Governo. Na década de 1990, no âmbito da globalização e da liberalilzação dos mercados, a aviação civil passou por um processo gradual de desregulação. Entretanto, em 2003, o Governo formulou novas diretrizes para o setor que assinalam na direção de uma re-regulação. O objetivo do trabalho é examinar os desafios passados e presentes enfrentados na busca de um modelo regulatório adequado para o transporte aéreo de passageiros no Brasil. Através da comparação entre a evolução das teorias e práticas regulatórias no mundo e da trajetória da regulação da aviação civil brasileira, busca-se identificar os fundamentos teóricos e políticos que poderiam justificar a atual proposta do governo brasileiro de re-regular o setor. Para isto, analisa-se a evolução do modelo regulatório do transporte aéreo no Brasil, dos seus objetivos e da relação entre as políticas industrial e de defesa da concorrência. / The present dissertation analyses the evolution of the civil aviation regulatory policies in Brazil identifying the changes in government's motivation and forms of intervention in this sector since the beginning of the civil aviation activity in the country until the current days. Between the decades of 1920 and 1980 the sector was strongly regulated by the government. During the decade of 1990 in the context of globalization and market liberalization the civil aviation went trough gradual process of deregulation. However, in 2003 the government formulated new rules for the sector that point to a tendency to re-regulation. The aim of this research is to examine the past and present challenges faced in the search of a regulatory model that meets the needs of the Brazilian civil aviation. The comparison between the evolution theories and worldwide regulatory practices and the trajectory of the regulation of Brazilian civil aviation aims to identify the theoretical and political foundations that could possible justify the Brazilian government proposal of reregulation of the sector. It analyses the evolution of regulatory modal, its goals and the relationship between industrial and competition policies.

(in English): This paper is devoted to the historical development of the carrier Czechoslovak Airlines (Československé aerolinie). It analyzes the establishment of new flight routes under the influence of the global political constellation at the time. The growth of such a company crucially relies on the ownership of adequate aviation technology - an issue which is also being addressed in this paper. The need for better aviation technology, in particular aircraft as such, brings into stark relief the larger issue of the bipolar division of the world during that period. Sources drawn upon by the author of this paper primarily include material in the ČSA record group of the State Regional Archive in Prague.

Traditional use of the multiple-choice question rewards a student for guessing. This technique encourages rote memorization of questions to pass a lengthy exam, and does not promote comprehensive understanding or subject correlation. This begs the question; do we really want question memorizers to operate the machinery of our industrialized society? In an effort to identify guessing on answers during an exam within a safety-critical aviation pilot training course, a qualitative research study was undertaken that introduced a confidence-based element to the end-of-ground-school exam followed by flight simulator sessions. The research goals were twofold, to clearly identify correct guesses and also provide an evidence-based snapshot of aircraft systems knowledge to be used as a formative study aid for the remainder of the course. Pilot and instructor interviews were conducted to gather perceptions and opinions about the effectiveness of the confidence-based assessment tool. The finding of overall positive interview comments confirmed that the pilots and flight instructors successfully used the confidence-based assessments as intended to identify weak knowledge areas and as aids, or plans, for their remaining study time. The study found that if properly trained and administered—especially through a computer-based medium—a robust confidence-based assessment tool would be minimally-burdensome while offering worthwhile benefits.

The use of only one primary sort of energy is the present trend of aircraft design and its force systens. There are designed electromagnetical force systems for control of ther moving parts of aircraft structure. Great demands are laid on energy and dynamic characteristics at some force systems, especially at aircraft control system, and therefore there are developed electro-hydrostatic actuators, suitable for aircraft for aircraft control system, which could graduallly replace commonly used hydraulic servo-controol system. Not only electric signals but also required electric outputs are led into these electro-hydraulic actuators. Using a hydrostatic converter it is changed into mechanical output controlling the aircraft control system. The goal of work is to set requirements for characteristic and conception of electro – hydrostatic actuators for aircraft control systems. Further, on the basis of theoretical analysis , computer modeling and experiment, the design optimisation of electro-ghydrostatic actuator should be done for small business aircraft from the point of view of dimmensions and dynamic characteristics.

Erroneous decisions made by pilots during encounters with adverse weather is often cited as a cause of General Aviation accidents. Pilot experience, which can be measured in several ways, is believed to play a role in the outcome of such encounters. However, it is unclear whether any of the elements of experience alone or in combinations affect the likelihood of General Aviation accidents during actual encounters with adverse weather, or how they do so. One barrier to conclusively determining such effects is the danger in extrapolating simulation results to the real world; nearly all work done to date has used simulators to identify accident risk. Therefore, the extent to which such results can be applied to actual flying is not clear.<div><br></div><div>In this work, two conceptual models for analyzing experience and its role inencounters with adverse weather during the cruise phase of General Aviation Part 91 fixed wing operations are presented. A novel method for evaluating accident risk, specifically the likelihood that an incident turns into an accident is also presented and then used to evaluate the experience profile of 595 pilots, detailed in actual accident and incident reports from the NTSB and ASRS databases. The effect of various elements of experience, alone and in combinations, on that risk is evaluated using regression modeling. The level of significance for each experience variable is first established, and then a series of discrete models is developed to progressively evaluate accident risk along a hypothetical experience continuum. This approach obviates commonly encountered challenges with research in the area and provides results that are ecologically valid.<br></div><div><br></div><div>The focus of this research work was on the role of cognitive aspects of experience in the outcome of flights during the cruise phase of General Aviation Part 91 fixed wing flights between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2015. Only flights which encountered adverse weather during the cruise phase and for which experience and/or errors in decision making were determined to be a cause or factor in the outcome were included in the study. All flights during the period that involved takeoff and landing, equipment failure or student pilots were not considered for the study. The emphasis of the research was on the effect of experience on cognitive aspects of pilot performance during adverse weather encounters, rather than “stick and rudder” skills.<br></div><div><br></div><div>It was found that variables related to the breadth or variety of pilots’ experience are more predictive of the likelihood of adverse weather encounters turning into accidents compared to those related to the duration or length of experience. While several commonly used measures of experience provide some level of insulation against accidents, the relationship between elements that define the length or duration of experience and outcomes is not linear. Furthermore, this relationship is mediated by variables that define the breadth of experience, especially at their lower levels. These findings may be leveraged to design specifically targeted regulatory or training policies and interventions to expedite the transition from novice to expert pilots in General Aviation weather-related decision making.<br></div>

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During the Second World War the United States mobilized its industrial capacity to become the great "Arsenal of Democracy," as vehicles, ships, and small arms flowed out of American factories. Perhaps the most impressive accomplishment was the mobilization of the aviation industry, which grew rapidly after the war began in Europe. In 1940 the United States produced 24,600,000 pounds of airframe. By 1943 this figure had grown exponentially, with 760,926,600 airframe pounds produced. This was achieved through the cooperation of the United States government and the aviation industry. It required creative techniques in funding and manufacturing, and the construction of expansion facilities throughout the country, including Dallas, Texas. The city was selected as the site of a factory operated by North American Aviation. This plant produced some 18,784 aircraft in all, making it one of the most prolific in the country. This dissertation is a study of the North American factory in Dallas. It begins with decisions leading to President Franklin D. Roosevelt's call for 50,000 aircraft in May of 1940. From there the focus moves to the selection of Dallas as a location, the construction and opening of the factory, its operation, its relations with the local community, and the closure of the facility at the end of the war. Utilizing government documents, company records, and news reports from the era, the dissertation is constructed in a chronological narrative format. It serves a dual purpose as a case study for how industrial mobilization was achieved, as well as documenting the contributions that the citizens of Dallas made towards the war effort.

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