Avec l’augmentation du nombre de cœurs, les problèmes de congestion sont commencé avec les interconnexions conventionnelles. Afin de remédier à ces défis, WiNoCoD projet (Wired RF Network-on-Chip Reconfigurable-on-Demand) a été initié par le financement de l’Agence Nationale de Recherche (ANR). Ce travail de thèse contribue à WiNoCoD projet. Une structure de contrôleur de RF est proposé pour l’interconnexion OFDMA de WiNoCoD et plusieurs algorithmes d’allocation de bande passante efficaces (distribués et centralisés) sont développés, concernant les demandes et contraintes très spécifiques de l’environnement sur-puce. Un protocole innovante pour l’arbitrage des sous-porteuses pour des longueurs bimodales de paquets sur-puce, qui ne nécessite aucun signalisation supplémentaire est introduit. Utilisation des ordres de modulation élevés avec plus grande consommation d’énergie est évaluée. / With rapidly increasing number of cores on a single chip, scalability problems have arised due to congestion and latency with conventional interconnects. In order to address these issues, WiNoCoD project (Wired RF Network-on-Chip Reconfigurable-on-Demand) has been initiated by the support of French National Research Agency (ANR). This thesis work contributes to WiNoCoD project. A special RF controller structure has been proposed for the OFDMA based wired RF interconnect of WiNoCoD. Based on this architecture, effective bandwidth allocation algorithms have been presented, concerning very specific requirements and constraints of on-chip environment. An innovative subcarrier allocation protocol for bimodal packet lengths of cache coherency traffic has been presented, which is proven to decrease average latency significantly. In addition to these, effective modulation order selection policies for this interconnect have been introduced, which seeks the optimal delay-power trade-off.

Les opérateurs de télécommunications se doivent de maîtriser et d'évaluer la qualité des services qu'ils offrent à leurs clients, dans un contexte en perpétuelle évolution. Comme alternative rapide et à moindre coût aux évaluations fondées sur l'interrogation d'utilisateurs, des outils de mesure ont été développés, qui intègrent des modèles permettant de prédire la qualité perçue. Cette thèse avait pour but de concevoir un outil de diagnostic de qualité vocale (applicable aux services de téléphonie), complémentaire à de tels modèles objectifs, afin d'obtenir des informations spécifiques sur la nature des défauts présents sur le signal audio et d'orienter vers des causes potentielles de ces défauts. En partant de l'hypothèse que la qualité vocale est multidimensionnelle, nous avons fondé l'outil de diagnostic sur la modélisation des quatre dimensions identifiées dans la littérature : la Bruyance, représentative des bruits de fond, la Continuité, relative à la perception des discontinuités dans le signal, la Coloration, liée aux distorsions du spectre de la voix, et la Sonie, traduisant la perception du niveau sonore. Chacune de ces dimensions est quantifiée à l'aide d'indicateurs de qualité issus de l'analyse du signal audio. Notre démarche a consisté, dans un premier temps, à rechercher dans des modèles objectifs récents (notamment la norme P.863 de l'UIT-T) des indicateurs de qualité et à en développer d'autres pour caractériser parfaitement chaque dimension. S'est ensuivie une étude de performances de ces indicateurs, les plus pertinents devant être intégrés dans notre outil de diagnostic. Finalement, pour chaque dimension, nous avons développé un module de classification automatique de défauts perçus en fonction de la nature du défaut identifié dans le signal, ainsi qu'un module supplémentaire estimant l'impact du défaut sur la qualité vocale. L'outil proposé couvre les trois bandes audio (bande étroite, bande élargie et bande super-élargie) couramment utilisées dans les systèmes de télécommunications avec, toutefois, une priorité pour les signaux en bande super-élargie, plus représentatifs des contenus audio qu'on sera amené à rencontrer dans les futurs services de télécommunications. / Quality of service is a huge issue for telecommunications operators since they have to master and evaluate it in order to satisfy their customers. To replace expensive and time-consuming human judgment methods, objective methods, integrating objective models providing a prediction of the perceived quality, have been conceived. Our research aimed at developing a technical diagnostic method, complementary to objective voice quality models, which provides specific information about the nature of the perceived voice quality impairments and identifies the underlying technical causes. Assuming that speech quality is a multidimensional phenomenon, our technical diagnostic method is built on the modelling of the four perceptual dimensions identified in the literature: “Noisiness” relative to the perceived background noise, “Continuity” linked to discontinuity, “Coloration” related to frequency–response degradations and “Loudness” corresponding to the impact of the speech level, each one being quantified by quality degradation indicators based on audio signal analysis. A crucial step of our research was to find and/or to develop relevant quality degradation indicators to perfectly characterize each dimension. To do so, we identified quality degradation indicators in the most recent objective voice quality models (particularly the ITU-T P.863 recommendation, known as POLQA) and we analysed the performance of identified indicators. Then, the most relevant indicators have been considered in our diagnostic method. Finally, for each dimension, we proposed a detection block which automatically classifies a perceived degradation according to the nature of the defect detected in the audio signal, and an additional block providing information about the impact of degradations on speech quality. The proposed technical diagnostic method is designed to cover three bandwidths (Narrowband, Wideband and Super Wideband) used in telecommunications systems with a priority investigation to Super Wideband speech signals which remain very useful for future telephony applications.

L'échange des images médicales est l'un des obstacle majeurs dans une application de télémédecine vu le grand volume de ces images et la limitation des la bande passante allouée à cette application. Pour contourner ce problème, nous adoptons un nouveau protocole de transmission des images médicales qui consiste à réduire l'image avant de l'emettre et à l'agrandir lors de la réception (protocole " REPro": Réduction Expansion Protocole / The exchang of medical exchange is one of the major obstacles in a telemedicine

The diploma thesis is focused on analysis and deployment of Quality of Services (QoS) in a computer network of The University of Economics in Prague (VŠE). The thesis describes the main QoS technologies focusing on technology Diffserv and its deployment with using available network devices in computer network of VŠE. In thesis the needs of network services and protocols for quality of services with division into different classes of services according to priority are discussed. The thesis explains the benefits and drawbacks of deploying QoS in the environment of VŠE with regard to wired and wireless network. In the practical part recommendations are applied to the production network and subsequently the benefits of modification are evaluated.

L'échographie est un outil de diagnostic largement utilisé grâce à des vertus telles que l'acquisition / traitement de données en temps réel, la facilité d'utilisation et la sécurité pour le patient / praticien pendant l'examen. Cependant, comparée à d'autres méthodes d'imagerie telles que la tomographie à rayons X et l'imagerie par résonance magnétique, l'échographie présente l'inconvénient de fournir une qualité d'image relativement basse. Dans cette thèse, nous étudions une méthode capable d'augmenter la qualité d'image, permettant ainsi de meilleurs diagnostics échographiques. Afin d'augmenter le rapport signal / bruit des signaux reçus, nous proposons d'utiliser des signaux modulés en fréquence (chirps). Pour éviter l'effet négatif de la bande passante limitée de la sonde, nous modulons en amplitude les signaux d'excitations afin d'augmenter l'énergie du signal dans les bandes de fréquences où la sonde est moins efficace. Pour compresser l'énergie des échos, nous utilisons des filtres de Wiener afin d'obtenir un bon compromis résolution spatiale / stabilité du bruit. Nous combinons cette méthode appelée REC (Resolution Enhancement Technique) avec l’imagerie ultrarapide. Nous montrons des résultats simulés et expérimentaux (in-vitro, ex-vivo et in-vivo) prometteurs. De plus, nous adaptons REC afin de compenser l'effet d'atténuation tissulaire. Cette amélioration est validée expérimentalement sur des phantoms. Nous adaptons également REC à la propagation non linéaire des ondes ultrasonores, en proposant une technique d'inversion d'impulsions qui utilise REC pour fournir une meilleure résolution et un meilleur rapport contraste / bruit. Ensuite, nous appliquons REC à différents schémas d’acquisition tels que les ondes divergentes et la transmission multi-lignes (MLT). Nous montrons également que la qualité d’image peut être augmentée davantage en tenant compte de la réponse impulsionnelle spatiale de la sonde lorsque REC et MLT sont combinés / Ultrasound imaging is a diagnostic tool widely used thanks to such virtues as real-time data acquisition / processing, ease of use and safety for the patient / practitioner during examination. However, when compared to other imaging methods such as X-ray tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the echography has the disadvantage to provide relatively low image quality. In this thesis, we study a method that is able to increase the ultrasound image quality, thus paving the way towards improved diagnostics based on echography and novel ultrasound applications. In order to increase the echo signal to noise ratio of the received signals, we propose to use linear frequency modulated signals, also called chirps. To avoid the negative effect of the bandlimited acquisition probe, we apply a pre-enhancement step on the probe excitation signals in order to boost the signal energy in the frequency bands where the probe is less efficient. To compress the echo energy in reception, we use Wiener filters that allow obtaining a good trade-off between the spatial resolution and noise stability. We apply the previously detailed pipeline, also called REC (Resolution Enhancement Technique) on ultrafast imaging schemes. We show promising results in simulation and in-vitro, ex-vivo, in-vivo acquisitions. Furthermore, we adapt REC in such way that the frequency dependent tissue attenuation effect is compensated for. This improvement is validated in simulation and phantom experiments. We also adapt REC to the nonlinear propagation of ultrasound waves, by proposing a pulse inversion technique that uses REC to provide a better image resolution and contrast to noise ratio. Then, we demonstrate the generality of the REC method by applying it to different acquisition schemes such as diverging wave compounding and Multi Line Transmit (MLT). We also show that the image quality can be increased more by taking into account the spatial impulse response of the ultrasound probe when REC and MLT are combined

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The project is aimed to design an antenna array for an aircraft positioning system at an airport. The system operates at frequencies 1030 MHz and 1090 MHz. The antenna is also used by the DME/TACAN system operating in frequency range from 1025 MHz to 1150 MHz. The required impedance bandwidth of the antenna array is 125 MHz, i.ee from 1025 MHz to 1150 MHz. The theoretical part of the thesis analyses properties of different patch antennas and discusses the possibility of extending the impedance bandwidth. The practical part is focused on the development of the numerical model of the broadband stacked patch antennas. In addition, properties of the 3-element and 4-element antenna array are compared. At the end, results of the thesis are summarized.

This graduation thesis addresses questions of deriving benefits from the FTTx optical access network. This project is divided into four main subject surveys. First part contains familiarization with individual architecture of FTTx network, topology of network and the use of components in these access networks. Second part shows how ideal optical access network is for distribution of modern multimedia services which pose great demand on the width of transmission band. It also shows success and trend growth of integration of the optical network into access segment in the Czech Republic and the rest of the world. The choice of right proposal and follow-on project of FTTx optical access network in assigned location is described in part three. It also compares investment costs needed for implementation of these proposals. Final part of this project shows financial budget and return of investments of a proposed access network. It also includes a contemplation of optical access network’s development.

This work is aimed at an analysis of frequency demodulation, design, simulation, and construction of a coincidence demodulator. Chapter 1 explains the basic characteristics of frequency modulated (FM) signals and provides an overview of the required signal bandwidth, the signal spectrum, and the signal-to-noise ratio after demodulation. Chapter 2 describes each type of FM demodulator separately, and it includes all significant types of demodulator for FM radio broadcast. The function of the coincidence demodulator and its characteristics are explained in detail. Chapter 3 contains a theoretical solution of the phase shift network. Calculated values of the circuit elements are verified by simulation with a view to the total harmonic distortion of the demodulator output signal. Chapter 4 describes the front-end circuit of the receiver. Here, the filter design and the mixer circuit description are provided. The final part of the thesis presents the applicable laboratory task.

This thesis deal with an analysis of network traffic and its properties. In this thesis are discussed possibilities of prediction network traffic by FARIMA model, theory of chaos with Lyapunov exponent and by neural networks. The biggest attention was dedicated to prediction network traffic by neural networks. In Matlab with using Neural Network Toolbox were created, trained and tested recurrent networks for prediction specific types of network traffics, which was captured on local network. There were choosed Elman network, LRN and NARX network to test the prediction of network traffic, results were discussed. Thesis also introduce area of application ability prediction of network traffic, there is introduce design of system for dynamic allocation bandwidth with particular description of its prediction part. Thesis also states possible use designed system for dynamic allocation of bandwidth.