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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Development of A Focused Broadband Ultrasonic Transducer for High Resolution Fundamental and Harmonic Intravascular Imaging

Chandrana, Chaitanya K. January 2008 (has links)
No description available.
2

Tissue harmonic reduction : application to ultrasound contrast harmonic imaging / Imagerie ultrasonore non linéaire : réduction des harmoniques tissulaire en imagerie de contraste

Pašović, Mirza 11 May 2010 (has links)
Les agents de contraste sont de petites bulles qui répondent non linéairement lorsqu’ils sont exposés à ultrasons. La réponse non-linéaire donne la possibilité d’images échographiques harmoniques qui a beaucoup d’avantages sur l’imagerie fondamentale. Toutefois, afin d’accroître l’échographie de contraste d’imagerie harmonique de performance nous devons d’abord comprendre la propagation non linéaire d’ultrasons. La non-linéarité du milieu déforme l’onde qui se propage, tels que les harmoniques commencent à se développer. La théorie qui a été prévue est la mise en œuvre, qui a permis une nouvelle méthode de modélisation de propagation des ultrasons non-linéaire. La connaissance acquise au cours de ce processus a été utilisée pour construire un deuxième signal à composantes multiples pour la réduction des harmoniques générées en raison des non-linéarités des tissus. En conséquence, la détection d’agents de contraste ultrasonore aux harmoniques a été augmentée. Une puissante technique d’imagerie échographique (Pulse inversion) a été renforcée avec le deuxième signal pour la réduction des harmoniques. Qu’est-ce qui a été appris pendant l’investigation : le pulse inversion technique a donné une nouvelle phase codée, appelée inversion de seconde harmonique. En outre, il a été noté que pour différents types de médias le niveau de distorsion de l’impulsion à ultrasons est différent. Cela dépend en grande partie du paramètre non linéaire B / A. Les travaux sur ce paramètre n’a pas été fini, mais il est quand même important de continuer dans cette direction puisque B / A imagerie avec des agents de contraste ultrasonore a beaucoup de potentiel. / Ultrasound contrast agents are small micro bubbles that respond nonlinearly when exposed to ultrasound wave. The nonlinear response gives possibility of harmonic ultrasound images which has many advantages over fundamental imaging. However, to increase ultrasound contrast harmonic imaging performance we must first understand nonlinear propagation of ultrasound wave. Nonlinear propagation distorts the propagating wave such that higher harmonics appear as the wave is propagating. The theory that was laid down, was allowed implementing a new method of modelling nonlinear ultrasound propagation. The knowledge obtained during this process was used to construct a multiple component second harmonic reduction signal for reduction of their harmonics generated due to the tissue nonlinearities. As a consequence detection of ultrasound contrast agents at higher harmonics was increased. Further more, a powerful ultrasound imaging technique called Pulse Inversion, was further enhanced with multiple component second harmonic reduction signal. What was learned during investigation of the Pulse Inversion, technique lead to a new phase coded ultrasound contrast harmonic method called second harmonic inversion;. Also it was noted that for different type of media the level of distortion of ultrasound pulse is different. It depends largely on the nonlinear parameter B / A. Although the work on this parameter has not been finished it is very important to continue in this direction since B / A imaging with ultrasound contrast agents has a lot of potential.
3

Comparison and Optimization of Insonation Strategies for Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging

Narasimha Reddy, Vaka January 2012 (has links)
Evolution of vulnerable carotid plaques are crucial reason for cerebral ischemic strokes and identifying them in the early stage can become very important in avoiding the risk of stroke. In order to improve the identification and quantification accuracy of infancy plaques better visualization techniques are needed. Improving the visualization and quantification of neovascularization in carotid plaque using contrast enhanced ultrasound imaging still remains a challenging task. In this thesis work, three optimization techniques are proposed, which showed an improvement in the sensitivity of contrast agents when compared to the conventional clinical settings and insonation strategies. They are as follows:1) Insonation at harmonic specific (2nd harmonic) resonance frequency instead of resonance frequency based on maximum energy absorption provides enhanced nonlinear contribution.2) At high frequency ultrasound imaging, shorter pulse length will provide improved harmonic signal content when compared to longer pulse lengths. Applying this concept to multi- pulse sequencing (Pulse Inversion and Cadence contrast pulse sequencing) resulted in increased magnitude of the remaining harmonic signal after pulse summations.3) Peak negative pressure optimization of Pulse Inversion and Cadence contrast pulse sequencing was showed to further enhance the nonlinear content of the backscattered signal from contrast microbubbles without increasing the safety limits, defined by the mechanical index.The results presented in this thesis are based on computational modeling (Bubblesim software) and as a future continuation we plan to verify the simulation results with vitro studies.
4

Ultrafast, broadband and multi-pulse transmissions for ultrasonic imaging / Émission d'ondes multi-impulsions, planes et larges bandes pour l'acquisition d'images ultrasonores

Benane, Mehdi Yanis 10 December 2018 (has links)
L'échographie est un outil de diagnostic largement utilisé grâce à des vertus telles que l'acquisition / traitement de données en temps réel, la facilité d'utilisation et la sécurité pour le patient / praticien pendant l'examen. Cependant, comparée à d'autres méthodes d'imagerie telles que la tomographie à rayons X et l'imagerie par résonance magnétique, l'échographie présente l'inconvénient de fournir une qualité d'image relativement basse. Dans cette thèse, nous étudions une méthode capable d'augmenter la qualité d'image, permettant ainsi de meilleurs diagnostics échographiques. Afin d'augmenter le rapport signal / bruit des signaux reçus, nous proposons d'utiliser des signaux modulés en fréquence (chirps). Pour éviter l'effet négatif de la bande passante limitée de la sonde, nous modulons en amplitude les signaux d'excitations afin d'augmenter l'énergie du signal dans les bandes de fréquences où la sonde est moins efficace. Pour compresser l'énergie des échos, nous utilisons des filtres de Wiener afin d'obtenir un bon compromis résolution spatiale / stabilité du bruit. Nous combinons cette méthode appelée REC (Resolution Enhancement Technique) avec l’imagerie ultrarapide. Nous montrons des résultats simulés et expérimentaux (in-vitro, ex-vivo et in-vivo) prometteurs. De plus, nous adaptons REC afin de compenser l'effet d'atténuation tissulaire. Cette amélioration est validée expérimentalement sur des phantoms. Nous adaptons également REC à la propagation non linéaire des ondes ultrasonores, en proposant une technique d'inversion d'impulsions qui utilise REC pour fournir une meilleure résolution et un meilleur rapport contraste / bruit. Ensuite, nous appliquons REC à différents schémas d’acquisition tels que les ondes divergentes et la transmission multi-lignes (MLT). Nous montrons également que la qualité d’image peut être augmentée davantage en tenant compte de la réponse impulsionnelle spatiale de la sonde lorsque REC et MLT sont combinés / Ultrasound imaging is a diagnostic tool widely used thanks to such virtues as real-time data acquisition / processing, ease of use and safety for the patient / practitioner during examination. However, when compared to other imaging methods such as X-ray tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the echography has the disadvantage to provide relatively low image quality. In this thesis, we study a method that is able to increase the ultrasound image quality, thus paving the way towards improved diagnostics based on echography and novel ultrasound applications. In order to increase the echo signal to noise ratio of the received signals, we propose to use linear frequency modulated signals, also called chirps. To avoid the negative effect of the bandlimited acquisition probe, we apply a pre-enhancement step on the probe excitation signals in order to boost the signal energy in the frequency bands where the probe is less efficient. To compress the echo energy in reception, we use Wiener filters that allow obtaining a good trade-off between the spatial resolution and noise stability. We apply the previously detailed pipeline, also called REC (Resolution Enhancement Technique) on ultrafast imaging schemes. We show promising results in simulation and in-vitro, ex-vivo, in-vivo acquisitions. Furthermore, we adapt REC in such way that the frequency dependent tissue attenuation effect is compensated for. This improvement is validated in simulation and phantom experiments. We also adapt REC to the nonlinear propagation of ultrasound waves, by proposing a pulse inversion technique that uses REC to provide a better image resolution and contrast to noise ratio. Then, we demonstrate the generality of the REC method by applying it to different acquisition schemes such as diverging wave compounding and Multi Line Transmit (MLT). We also show that the image quality can be increased more by taking into account the spatial impulse response of the ultrasound probe when REC and MLT are combined

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