<p>Purpose/Aim: To describe likenesses and differences between the personal identity of the common Kalmar nation member and the collective identity of the organization Kalmar nation as described by said members.</p><p>Material/Method: Collecting data through a quantitative survey, where the members answer questions about themselves and Kalmar nation, and subsequent analysis of said data by means of theories about personal, collective, and brand identity.</p><p>Main results: After analyzing the data from the survey I conclude that there exists both likenesses and differences between the organization and its members. Some likenesses are more pronounced than others, and the same can be said for the differences. However, within the three areas of study (specific identity traits, politics and music) politics and music showed more similarity between the members and the nation than the specific identity traits did. The most interesting aspect of the analysis show that the members have quite a common view of the organization despite their own widely different descriptions of themselves.</p>

Background: Literature regarding brand identity within the service industry is relatively under developed. As a result one theory is used for both the service and product brands, even though there is a significant difference between a product and a service. As a result of this, the brand identity within the service industry has consequences. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to contribute to the brand identity within the service industry. This is done by focusing on how and why this work is done. Accomplishment: Empirical data have been gathered through interviews with relevant people. Result: The fundamentals of a brand identity are the same within the service industry as the product industry. The foundation for both industries is to stipulate the identity by recognizing the values which makes the company unique and competitive. The employees within these companies are a major part of the brand identity as they are the ones to influence it the most. Up to this statement current theories are accurate but when it comes to the correspondence between brand identity and corporate culture there aren’t enough theoretical support to find. In order to come a step further integration of organization theory and marketing is required.

Background: Brand strategy tends to become an important management issue. It is therefore interesting to reach a greater understanding about how companies work to make their existing brands stronger. The purpose of a brand is to influence the customers’ view of the brand image. The literature is insufficient concerning how leaders handle the process of repositioning a brand, in order to change the brand image. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to, from a management perspective; describe how the process of repositioning a brand continues. The aim is also to describe which aspects within the brand that are changing. Also, our aim is to identify the underlying causes of repositioning a brand. The main focus of the thesis is, however, the first two research questions. Research method: We have conducted 16 personal interviews with representatives of Volvo, Indiska, Scan Foods, Bageri Skogaholm, Coop, Arla Foods, Carlsberg Sverige and Lindex. We also conducted interviews with the advertising agencies that the companies work with. Results: Repositioning a brand is a time-consuming process that involves the whole company. The process constitutes a certain pattern, formed as different steps. The process contains changes in the brand identity and/or changes in the communication. Generally, the process characterizes recruitment of new competence to handle brand issues.

Purpose/Aim: To describe likenesses and differences between the personal identity of the common Kalmar nation member and the collective identity of the organization Kalmar nation as described by said members. Material/Method: Collecting data through a quantitative survey, where the members answer questions about themselves and Kalmar nation, and subsequent analysis of said data by means of theories about personal, collective, and brand identity. Main results: After analyzing the data from the survey I conclude that there exists both likenesses and differences between the organization and its members. Some likenesses are more pronounced than others, and the same can be said for the differences. However, within the three areas of study (specific identity traits, politics and music) politics and music showed more similarity between the members and the nation than the specific identity traits did. The most interesting aspect of the analysis show that the members have quite a common view of the organization despite their own widely different descriptions of themselves.

Background: In the XX Winter Olympics 2006 in Torino the Swedish Olympic Team succeeded by winning 14 medals. The best result that Sweden has ever made during a Winter Olympics. The happiness was shortly after mixed with disputes between the Swedish Olympic Committee and Swedish companies. There were companies who wrongly had used the trademark ‘OS’ in their marketing campaigns. The disputes happened because the use of the protected trademarks concerning the Olympic Games are reserved only to the Swedish Olympic Committee’s sponsors. Title: Seeking Opinions Concerning… - the Swedish Olympic Committee and its Trademarks. Problem: What attitudes do people hold towards the Swedish Olympic Committee after the XX Winter Olympics 2006? Purpose: The study aims to get an understanding about if people’s attitudes towards the SOC and its trademarks have changed after what has been written and said in media after the XX Winter Games 2006. In order to reach this understanding I will look at people’s knowledge about the SOC’s trademark, their prior knowledge and thoughts and finally their prior knowledge about the ‘Olympic pizza’. Theory: By going from an initial description of the factors that make up a good brand and the different meanings to the word ‘brand’, the reader is taken through different steps to finally in the end see how attitudes are created. Method: The study was done with a quantitative method through questionnaires, looking at the problem from the perspective of the Committee who are the ones affected by the results of the study. The collection of data was done through a non-random convenience selection in the community of Storuman with a total number of 76 respondents. Further, the study has a positivistic view and a deductive approach. Result: The results were that the respondents’ first thought about the Swedish Olympic Committee was mostly indifferent, it seems like they did not have an opinion. Digging deeper it seems like after what has happened in the media the respondents’ attitudes have changed. There was not a big difference however in the number of people who had had an attitude change after the ‘Olympic pizza’ story compared to those who had not. The ones who had experienced attitude changes had had them towards the negative side.

Program Course: MIMA‐International  Marketing,  Master  Thesis  EF0705   Title  name:   Brand Positioning: The case study of Castello Banfi in Hong Kong   Authors:   Jacopo Nicolò Longhi (851016-T097)                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Pham Thi Diep Linh  (851020-T141) Tutor:    Konstantin Lampou Problem:                      What should be a position for Castello Banfi brand in Hong Kong market? Purpose:   Theoretically, the main purpose of this paper is to study the approach to the positioning of a brand. Practically, the case study of the Banfi brand in Hong Kong market will be studied. Attempts will be made throughout this work in order to identify which position Banfi brand has to achieve for its competitiveness in Hong Kong, and so, the result of the project will be of practical use to the company. Methodology and Methods:  The realist stance will be used to conduct the study. Concerning the data sources, various sources of data have been used. Questionnaire and interviews were used as primary data to collect information about Castello Banfi and its situation in Hong Kong market, as well as the customer needs in Hong Kong. Secondary data, such as online journal, company’s annual report, and websites are also used to collect information regarding the Italian wine industry, the company and its competitors.  Secondary sources like literature are also used for referencing theories and concepts. The main research model is adapted from Kapferer’s. Main concepts are Brand Positioning, Brand Identity. Conclusion:    The positioning of the brand is formed with the study of three main factors which are the competition environment, the target market, and the benefits the brand stands for. Positioning a brand in a specific market is not only to strengthen the distinctive features that the company has to differentiate from the competitors, and also appealing to that market, but it also has to be aligned with the Brand Identity of that brand. In Banfi’s case, it can be concluded that by strengthening the ‘high-class wine consumers’, ‘Tuscan experience’, and ‘value for money’ in the positioning of Banfi, the brand is promising to gain competitive advantage in the market. Key  words:   Castello Banfi, Hong Kong, brand positioning, brand identity, wine.

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Background: When it comes to brand communication, gaps can arise. These occur when the brand management’s view of the brand does not match the customers’ Brand image. In order to prevent reputation crises brand managements need to monitor the Brand identity and Brand image and identify possible gaps. Purpose: To identify and analyse what communication gaps that can occur between a company’s Brand identity and customers’ Brand image. Research question: What communication gaps can occur between a company’s Brand identity and the customers’ Brand image? Theory: Marketing Communication, Sender-Receiver model, Brand image and Brand identity focusing on Personality, Positioning, Vision &amp; Culture and Relationship. Method: A case study of the Swedish food company Coop was conducted to investigate the relationship between their Brand identity and the customers’ Brand image. The case study was conducted in two steps; firstly, information concerning Coop’s Brand identity was gathered through in-depth interviews. Secondly, a questionnaire was handed out to Coop’s customers to see whether their Brand image was consistent with Coop’s Brand identity. The aim was to find similarities and dissimilarities between data and thereby identify communication gaps. Results: Several communication gaps were identified between Coop’s Brand identity and the customers’ Brand image when it came to the concepts of Personality, Positioning, Vision &amp; Culture and Relationship. Coop experiences most communication gaps in Relationship, they has not managed to create close relationships with their customers.

This study investigates if a company’s brand identity can be used to influence public authorities in public procurement by possible discretions in the procurement rules, and the importance of this meaning increased business opportunity. The subject of the work, branding in public procurement, is unexplored and may be of interest to a larger market. The study approaches an inductive, explorative, single case study. Literature studies forms a theoretical framework that is combined with interviews with representatives from both public authorities and a company. The study finds that a company can use the part of Brand Identity named Image. To be successful, a company’s image expresses what is important and desired from an authority: security, trust, long-term focus and stability. This reduces the authority’s perceived risk and increases its security, and makes the company a more attractive choice. The study also finds that it is impossible to directly influence an ongoing procurement process. The study is limited to the defense market and procurement of large technical advanced systems, not commodity products. The study focuses on the direct relations between the procuring authority and the tendering industry. It will not discuss the involvement of political forces and their actions, e.g. counter-trade. Possible future research is the following suggestions: Investigation of how political forces have impact on international/ intergovernmental business. This could include the correlation between the size and magnitude of the procurement and political involvement. Investigation of the relationship between the compliance of international procurement rules, the favoring of domestic suppliers, and a nation’s position on Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index. A third extension of this work is to extend its scope to encompass other products or business areas, and make the result more general. The study contributes with knowledge about how branding has influence on public procurement. The result may be of interest to companies, active in the defense market, wanting to increase their competiveness, and for authorities that wish to improve their ability to implement good procurement practices.

The concept of brand management has increased attention in recent years. Building andmaintaining a brand provides valuable growth and profitability for a company. To establish astrong brand, a company creates its brand identity for products and differentiates it from otherproducts. Brand identity and brand image are integrated with brand management, andcommunication is needed to convey brand image (or identity) to brand identity (or image).Brand identity is the internal view of a company, and the brand image is the external view byits customers. Between brand identity and brand image, factors are conveyed through media. This study explores the adaptation of brand management to a market; specifically, the adaptation of a brand in a foreign market. Ascertaining how Korean automobile companiesadapt brand management in the Swedish market is the primary objective. Kia Motors Sweden AB, a sales-oriented organization and a subsidiary of a Korean automobile manufacturer, KiaMotors Corporation, small and medium sized cars in the Swedish automobile industry, will be this study’s case company. In terms of methodology, a qualitative, single case study approach of Kia Motors Sweden AB was employed. An interview of a marketing manager from the company was analyzedand interpreted to figure out internal brand identity and external brand image. In this study, anintegrated framework that companies can use to justify brand identity and brand image is developed. The factors of brand identity and brand image are indicated and there are relevant factors which convey brand image to brand identity or vice versa. In addition, the factors of brand identity are imparted to brand image through different communication channels. The case study also reveals that apprehending brand identity and distinguishing it from brand image are vital to effective brand management. Moreover, using several communication channels and finding the effective channels also help to convey the desired image. Therefore, Kia Motors Sweden brand management has been identified in my framework.