iplom`s thesis is oriented on a comparison of results of fluid flow numerical modeling for case of a element type change in case CFD fluid flow modeling when elements changed in computational mesh. We want to know whether the change of the mesh elements type will have any effect on results of calculation. We want to know a size of mistakes.

La radiothérapie interne sélective est une thérapie émergente très peu invasive du carcinome hépatocellulaire, quatrième cause de décès par cancer dans le monde. Des millions de microsphères chargées en Yttrium 90 sont injectées dans l'artère hépatique par un cathéter. Actuellement, leur distribution lors d'une injection est estimée par l'injection préliminaire d'un radiomarqueur, ce qui peut se révéler trop approximatif. Un traitement personnalisé permettrait une concentration des radiations à la tumeur tout en épargnant le tissu sain environnant. Dans ce travail je me suis intéressée au développement d'un modèle numérique, pour une simulation spécifique à chaque patient des trajectoires des microsphères, dans le but d'optimiser le traitement. Le protocole clinique d'imagerie a été exploité et optimisé pour l'extraction de données spécifiques patients telles que le foie, les tumeurs, l'artère hépatique et le flux sanguin. Les tissus et l'artère hépatique (jusqu'à un diamètre de 0.05 mm) sains et malins ont été simulés. Cela nous permet de simuler la distribution des microsphères dans le tissue hépatique, validée grâce à la scintigraphie post-traitement. Il est supposé ici que les microsphères se distribuent de façon proportionnelle au flux sanguin, lequel est modélisé par la loi de Poiseuille. Des simulations plus approfondies en mécanique de fluides numérique du flux sanguin ont ensuite été réalisées dans l'artère hépatique du patient. Pour cela nous avons utilisé et comparé les méthodes des Volumes Finis (Ansys Fluent) et de Lattice Boltzmann (programme développé dans le laboratoire). Le transport des microsphères a été simulé dans l'artère hépatique du patient avec la méthode des volumes finis, et dans une géométrie simplifiée avec la méthode de Lattice Boltzmann. Une séquence IRM de contraste de phase a aussi été optimisée pour l'extraction de la vitesse du sang dans l'artère hépatique, dans le but de valider le modèle numérique. / Selective internal radiation therapy using Yttrium-90 loaded glass microspheres injected in the hepatic artery is an emerging, minimally invasive therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma, which is the fourth cause of mortality in the world. Currently, microspheres distribution can be only approximately predicted by the injection of a radiotracer, whose behaviour may be different. A personalised intervention can lead to high concentration dose in the tumour, while sparing the surrounding parenchyma. This work is concerned with the development of a patient-specific numerical model for the simulation of microspheres trajectories and treatment optimisation. Clinical imaging protocol is utilised and optimised in order to extract patient’s specific data such as liver, tumours, hepatic artery and blood flow. Normal and malignant hepatic arterial vasculature and tissues are simulated down to a vessels diameter of 0.05 mm. A preliminary simulation of microspheres distribution in liver tissue is proposed and validated against post-treatment scintigraphy. Microspheres are here supposed to distribute proportionally to blood flow, which is computed based on Poiseuille’s law. More precise computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of blood flow in the patient’s segmented arteries are performed. The Finite Volume Method (Ansys Fluent) and the Lattice Boltzmann Method (in-house developed software) are used to this purpose and their efficacy is compared. Microspheres transport is simulated in the patient’s hepatic artery using the FVM, and in a representative geometry using the LBM method. A phase contrast MRI sequence has been optimised in order to extract blood velocity from the hepatic artery and validate CFD simulations.

Der VHTR als Weiterentwicklung des HTR gilt als eines von sechs aussichtsreichen Reaktorkonzepten für Kernkraftwerkte der Generation IV. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird ein CFD-Modell des HTR-Moduls entwickelt und durch die Simulation eines postulierten Lufteinbruchszenarios die Anwendbarkeit unter Beweis gestellt. Zunächst wird eine Bestandsaufnahme bestehender HTR-Rechenprogramme vorgestellt und die Methodik CFD in ihren Grundzügen erläutert. Anhand der Grundgleichungen werden die zur Berechnung des Störfalls zu modellierenden, HTR-spezifischen Parameter diskutiert, die verwendeten empirischen Korrelationen vorgestellt und die umfangreiche Validierung des entwickelten Modellansatzes zusammengefasst. Anschließend wird die Anwendbarkeit des HTR-Modells auf ein konkretes Lufteinbruchszenario eines HTR-Moduls gezeigt. Dabei werden die einzelnen Phasen des Szenarios anhand der Simulationsergebnisse intensiv diskutiert. Abschließend erfolgt eine Diskussion der Modellunsicherheiten und der numerischen Fehler.

Orientador: Sávio Souza Venâncio Vianna / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Química / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T13:25:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ferreira_TatieleDalfior_M.pdf: 4562241 bytes, checksum: 69c742236e806f040cfc237f2ba91cf4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver um modelo matemático capaz de prever o tamanho de nuvem de gás inflamável formada em uma típica plataforma de petróleo considerando condições reais de ventilação e de operação de uma planta de processo. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo de dispersão de gás inflamável (gás natural) na plataforma em questão utilizando Fluidodinâmica Computacional (CFD). Os resultados deste estudo de dispersão serviram como base para a construção do modelo matemático utilizando Metodologia de Superfície de Resposta. Tal modelo permite o cálculo do tamanho de nuvem de gás inflamável no ambiente estudado usando duas variáveis principais: a taxa não-dimensional de vazamento (que contabiliza a relação entre a taxa de vazamento de gás e a taxa de ventilação na plataforma) e a direção adimensional de vazamento (que computa a relação entre as direções de vazamento de gás e do vento). O modelo desenvolvido mostrou-se eficaz, pois foi capaz de prever com considerável grau de confiabilidade os tamanhos de nuvem de gás inflamável quando comparados aos valores fornecidos por simulações com CFD / Abstract: This work proposes the development of a mathematical correlation for prediction of flammable gas cloud size in a typical offshore module. Real conditions regarding the ventilation and process plant operation were considered. A dispersion study of natural gas release in the module was conducted using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and the state of art as far as the gas dispersion modelling is concerned. A mathematical model was built based on the numerical results and Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The approach comprises into a single mathematical model the most relevant independent variables. The response surface curves calculate the flammable gas cloud volume as a function of the non-dimensional leak rate (that concerns the ventilation and the gas release rate) and the non-dimensional leak direction (which comprises the wind direction and the leak direction). The developed model had proved to be effective. It was able to predict flammable gas volume and good agreement with CFD results was observed / Mestrado / Sistemas de Processos Quimicos e Informatica / Mestra em Engenharia Química

Orientador: Sávio Souza Venâncio Vianna / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Química / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T16:12:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FerreiraJunior_ElmodeSena_M.pdf: 18188081 bytes, checksum: 2b445e8828a2a2b90c9a27c3379a7d74 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: A simulação numérica é de grande importância em diversas áreas da engenharia, tais como otimização e manutenção de processo químico, bem como na indústria do petróleo e segurança do processo. O Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) é um código de Fluidodinâmica Computacional com base na simulação das grandes escalas. Este foi desenvolvido pelo Instituto Nacional de Padrões e Tecnologia (NIST). O código FDS foi originalmente projetado para modelar baixo fluxo de velocidade comumente encontrados em cenários de incêndio. Assim, o FDS não é adequado para simulação de casos onde o número de Mach é elevado. Para superar esta limitação, este trabalho propõe um novo modelo dedicado às características próximas da saída do jato a fim de permitir o FDS simular cenários de jatos e dispersão de gás. A abordagem também reduz significativamente o tempo da simulação computacional. A ferramenta proposta é uma alternativa livre e confiável para a modelagem de dispersão de gás. Os resultados são amplamente discutidas e um estudo de caso de uma plataforma é apresentado. A comparação com os resultados experimentais, bem como um pacote CFD comercial mostram boa concordância / Abstract: The numerical simulation is of great importance in various areas of engineering such as optimization and maintenance of chemical process, petroleum industry and process safety. The Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) is a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code based on Large Eddy Simulation (LES) modeling and developed by National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). FDS code was originally designed to model low speed flow commonly found in fire scenarios. Hence, FDS is not suitable for modeling high Mach number cases. To overcome this limitation this work proposes a novel model dedicated to the near field jet characteristics in order to enable FDS to simulate jet scenarios and gas dispersion. The approach also reduces the computational time significantly as far as turbulent jet flows are concerned. The proposed tool is a free and reliable alternative for gas dispersion modeling. Results are extensively discussed and case study for a typical offshore site is presented. Comparison with experimental results as well as commercial CFD package show good agreement / Mestrado / Sistemas de Processos Quimicos e Informatica / Mestre em Engenharia Química

The thesis pursues a design of mechanism for controlling the amount of air sucked by a turbocharger compressor. In the first part, there is a brief description of a turbocharger and its characteristics, in the second part the usual regulation methodologies are presented. Third, the main part describes the creation of the mechanism from concept drafts and their comparison, through the kinematic and force analysis of control parts, to the complete packaging a connection to the compressor housing. The fourth part is dedicated to the mechanism analysis in the terms of ability to perform as required.

This thesis is devoted to the design of hydraulic retarder, with emphasis on CFD simulation. The thesis is based on simulation of flow in hydraulic retarder with included transformation of heat. The generation of heat at breaking with hydraulic retarder significantly influences amount of created moment. With use of simulations the anticipated breaking moment emerging on break of a spinning wheel from the design is verified. A group of brake models, in which the hydraulic break belongs to, is introduced in the beginning chapters. This following chapter focuses on design of simulation model that corresponds with the process of breaking. Simple 1D mathematical model for filling the brake with oil using compressed air is introduced.

Ventilation systems for depositories have certain specifics. Their main objective is to provide safe environment for preserving unique cultural or other valuable objects that are being stored for extensive time periods. The economical aspect of the operation should be taken into ac-count and the ventilation system adjusted accordingly. This project also incorporates ventila-tion of secondary areas. Ventilation system is subsequently assessed in terms of indoor air quality (CFD simulation) and energetic requirements (program TRNSYS). Air quality in depositories is evaluated using age of air parameter. The qualitative and quanti-tative outcomes are obtained. Possible measures are then suggested to improve the air quality. The objective of energy simulation is to evaluate overall energy required for a year of opera-tion of main air handling units. In addition, estimation of energy requirements for heating and cooling are made for the whole building. The results are compared and more simulations are carried out in order to lower overall energy consumption.

The master’sthesis deals with numerical modelling of aerodynamic noisewhich arisesinside of the carcabin. In the first part ofthe thesis simplified model of geometry of the car and of the inside acoustic pressure arecreated. After that numerical analysis of created models of geometry are doneandvarious models of turbulenceare discussed. The results of these CFD simulationswhere then used for changing the model of geometry of the wing mirror. Outputs of these simulations were used for solving the numerical analysis of noise in the car cabin.

Tento projekt se zabývá optimalizací chladicích kanálků nového vrtáku navrženého společností SECO Tools pro obrábění titanové slitiny Ti-6Al-4V. Cílem tohoto projektu je optimalizovat průměr a polohu chladicích kanálků na hřbetu tak, aby se snížila teplota vrtáku a tím i životnost nástroje. Nový vrták je použit pro provedení vrtacích zkoušek s použitím konvenční řezné kapaliny (emulze s 7% koncentrací) při tlaku 40 barů. Získané výsledky jsou porovnány s výsledky získanými pomocí dostupného standardního vrtáku od společnosti SECO Tools pro vrtání obrobku Ti-6Al-4V. Teplotní CFD model je vytvořen pro různé hodnoty vstupních tlaků kapaliny pomocí turbulentího modelu k- SST a tepelného zatížení vypočítaného na základě vrtacích zkoušek. Výsledky pro standardní a prototypové vrtáky jsou navzájem porovnávány, s ohledem na průtok, teplotu vrtáku, rychlost kapaliny a přenos tepla do MWF. Následně je model použit k ověření optimalizovaných návrhů.