Submitted by Roberto de Aguiar Ramos Junior null (robeerto.aguiar.ramos@gmail.com) on 2018-04-03T14:25:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertaçao_final.pdf: 2202514 bytes, checksum: b29c60407d282d9848bdfc887c1a97c8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Lucilene Cordeiro da Silva Messias null (lubiblio@bauru.unesp.br) on 2018-04-04T19:31:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ramosjunior_ra_me_bauru.pdf: 2202514 bytes, checksum: b29c60407d282d9848bdfc887c1a97c8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-04T19:31:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ramosjunior_ra_me_bauru.pdf: 2202514 bytes, checksum: b29c60407d282d9848bdfc887c1a97c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho traz o estudo das propriedades óticas, elétricas e morfológicas do material TiO2 de forma individual e acoplado com SnO2 dopado com 4at%Sb, formando uma heteroestrutura. Tanto TiO2 quanto a heteroestrutura foram trabalhados na forma de filmes finos depositados pelo método sol-gel-dip-coating, e, no caso do TiO2 também foi relevante sua análise em forma de pós prensados (pastilhas). No que diz respeito ao SnO2:4%Sb, este trabalho traz uma revisão literária de suas principais propriedades, buscando apresentar um panorama geral, pois com isto pode-se entender melhor os fenômenos que ocorrem na heteroestrutura. Os resultados das pastilhas de TiO2 indicam uma transição parcial de fase anatase/rutilo para tratamentos térmicos entre 500ºC e 1000ºC, confirmadas pela fotoluminescência, que apresentou bandas relacionadas a fase anatase ou rutilo, dependendo do processamento utilizado. Filmes de TiO2 mostraram boa foto sensibilidade, com a corrente elétrica respondendo imediatamente à excitação independente da energia, além de um rápido decaimento com relação ao valor excitado. Fora isto, medidas de decaimento da corrente foto induzida, realizadas em atmosfera de O2, indicaram que o decaimento se torna ainda mais rápido na presença do gás, estando associado ao aprisionamento de portadores de carga pelas moléculas adsorvidas na amostra, além da recombinação dos pares elétron-buraco. Com relação à heteroestrutura, quando a condução ocorre preferencialmente no TiO2, a amostra apresenta resultados muito similares às dos filmes de TiO2, tendo uma rápida resposta à excitação com fonte de luz acima do bandgap do TiO2 e um rápido retorno para seu estado de equilíbrio, no escuro. Entretanto, em atmosfera gasosa, o decaimento se torna muito mais rápido, o que também está associado ao aprisionamento de portadores pelas moléculas adsorvidas de gás. Porém, o aumento na taxa com que isto acontece, está relacionado à formação da heteroestrutura e às compensações de carga na interface, que podem ocorrer quando a excitação utiliza comprimento de onda adequado. A configuração lado a lado da heteroestrutura mostrou emissão Poole – Frenkel para tensões maiores que 40V, e quando irradiada com luz que simula o espectro solar apresentou uma região de resistência negativa para algumas potências de excitação que pode estar ligada ao aprisionamento de elétrons na interface. Desta forma, este trabalho visa trazer uma contribuição importante à compreensão do mecanismo de transporte elétrico dos materiais estudados. Por fim, pode-se dizer que os materiais aqui estudados podem ser aplicados como sensores de gás ou dispositivos retificadores/amplificadores desde que seja escolhida a melhor configuração para a aplicação desejada. / This work presents a study of the optical, electrical and morphological characterization of TiO2 thin films, deposited individually or coupled with SnO2 doped with 4at%Sb, forming a heterostructure. Both sort of samples, TiO2 and the heterostructure were studied in thin film form, deposited by sol-gel-dip-coating, and, in the case of TiO2, it was relevant the analysis of samples also in the form of pellets form (pressed powders). With regards to SnO2:4%Sb, this work brings a literary revision of its principal properties, trying to present a general overview, for the better understanding of the phenomena that occur in the heterostructure. The results of TiO2 pellets indicates a partial anatase/rutile phase transition to thermal annealing between 500 and 1000ºC, confirmed by the photoluminescence that presented bands related to anatase or rutile, depending the utilized processing. TiO2 films showed fair photo-sensibility, with immediate response on the electric current to light excitation, independent on the utilized energy, along with fast decay in relation to the excited value. Moreover, photo-induced current decay measurements, performed in O2 atmosphere, indicated that the decay becomes faster in gas presence, being associated to charge carriers trapping by the adsorbed molecules on sample, besides the electron-hole recombination. Concerning the heterostructure, when the conduction occurs preferentially in TiO2 layer, the sample shows very similar results to the TiO2 films, with a fast response to light excitation above the TiO2 bandgap and fast return to the equilibrium state, in dark. However, in gas atmosphere, the decay becomes much faster, which is also associated to the carriers trapping by the gas adsorbed molecules. Nevertheless, the rate increase in this phenomenon is related to the heterostructure formation and the charge compensations at the interface, which may occur when appropriate wavelength is used for excitation. The side by side heterostructure sample showed a Poole – Frenkel emission to bias higher than 40V, and presented a negative resistance region to some irradiation power when illuminated with solar light that can be associated to electrons trapping at the interface. In summary, this work aims to bring a contribution related to the electric transport mechanism of the studied materials. The materials investigated here may be applied in gas sensors or rectifiers/amplifiers devices, according the sample configuration. / CAPES: 1578735

Orientador: Antonio Carlos Artur / Banca: Fabiano Cabañas Navarro / Banca: Tamar Milca Bortolozzo Galembeck / Resumo: As rochas ornamentais Verde Amazonas, Preto Cajugram e Bege Ipanema exploradas no estado do Espírito Santo, respectivamente um charnockito, um hiperstênio monzodiorito e um ortognaisse, foram submetidas a uma bateria de ensaios físico-mecânicos e de resistência ao ataque químico sob ação controlada dos compostos NH4Cl, NaClO, C6H8O7, HCl e KOH presentes na composição de produtos de uso doméstico e de determinadas soluções concentradas dos ácidas HCl, H2SO4 e HNO3 simulando atmosferas agressivas. A avaliação dos efeitos dos agentes químicos foram realizadas à luz das variações da propagação de ondas ultrassônicas, da resistência à flexão 4 pontos e do lustro da superfície polida das rochas testadas, bem como pela caracterização dos produtos de subeflorescências e eflorescências geradas pelas reações com os ácidos. Os resultados dos diferentes testes realizados foram confrontados com as propriedades petrográficas de cada rocha. Os resultados obtidos para os parâmetros físico-mecânicos e de alterabilidade química indicam, com algumas reservas, que as três rochas são detentoras de boas qualidades para utilização como rochas ornamentais e para revestimentos em obras civis. Os estudos revelaram que o comportamento tecnológico e de alterabilidade química dos materiais avaliados é controlado pela inter-relação dos aspectos composicionais, estruturais e texturais das rochas. O charnockito Verde Amazonas, rocha verde escura megaporfirítica gnaissificada com matriz de granulação média a grossa e com elevado grau de microfissuramento transgranulares, apresentou bom desempenho no tocante a resistência mecânica, mas foi o material que mostrou maior sensibilidade aos efeitos da maioria dos agentes químicos com desbotamento, clareamento, amarelamento e ofuscamento das superfícies polidas. O Preto Cajugram com estrutura isotrópica, textura equigranular... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The Amazon Green, Cajugram Black and Ipanema Beige dimension stones explored in the state of Espirito Santo, respectively, a charnockite, a hypersthene monzodiorite and a orthogneiss, underwent a serie of physical-mechanical and resistance to chemical attack tests under controlled action of the chemicals NH4Cl, NaClO, C6H8O7, HCl and KOH, present in the composition of household products and certain concentrated solutions of the acids HCl, H2SO4 and HNO3, simulating aggressive atmospheres. The evaluation of the effects of the chemical agents was performed in the light of changes in the propagation of ultrasonic sound waves, the 4-point flexural strength and gloss of the polished surface of the tested rock samples, as well as the characterization of the products of efflorescences and subefflorescences, generated by reactions with the acids. The results of the different tests were compared with the petrographic properties of each rock. The obtained results for the physic-mechanical parameters and for the chemical alterability indicates, with some reservations, that the three rocks shows good quality for use as dimension stones and coatings in civil works. Studies show that the behavior of technology and chemical alterability of the tested materials is controlled by the interrelation of the compositional, structural and textural aspects of the rocks. The charnockite Verde Amazonas, dark green megaporphyritic gneissic rock, with medium to coarse grained matrix and a high degree of transgranular microcracking, showed good performance regarding mechanical strength, but was the most sensitive material to the effects of most chemical agents as fading, bleaching, yellowing and glare from the polished surfaces. The Preto Cajugram, with isotropic structure, medium equigranular texture, and low degree of microcracking, has the highest mechanical strengths. On the other hand, it displays the highest... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Les ondes térahertz sont à l'origine de nombreuses applications, notamment dans les domaines de la sécurité (portiques d'aéroports), de la médecine (étude des interactions ondes-molécules), et des télécommunications sans fils à très haut débit. Pour toutes ces applications, les détecteurs de puissance sont d'un grand intérêt puisqu'ils intègrent l'intensité de la radiation incidente. Cette caractéristique leur permet d'enregistrer des signaux sans avoir recours à une activation hétérodyne, contrairement aux détecteurs de champ térahertz. L'objectif de ce travail de thèse est de réaliser la caractérisation de la réponse spectrale de détecteurs de puissance térahertz, principalement dédiés à l'intégration des dispositifs de télécommunications sans fils. Pour cela, nous avons élaboré une expérience impulsionnelle large bande construite autour d'un laser femtoseconde (amplifié ou non), d'un émetteur térahertz (photocommutateur ou cristal non-linéaire) ainsi que d'un interféromètre à deux ondes (Michelson). Dans un premier temps, nous décrivons le fonctionnement de l'expérience et déterminons ses limites au travers d'une étude paramétrique. Plusieurs configurations, choisies en fonction des lasers utilisés, sont sélectionnées afin d'obtenir les meilleures performances possibles. La méthode de caractérisation des détecteurs de puissance est ensuite démontrée et validée expérimentalement. Enfin, nous profitons de la polyvalence du banc pour montrer, d'une part, la possibilité de réaliser la caractérisation spatiale et spectrale d'un faisceau térahertz en une unique mesure résolue temporellement ; et d'autre part, la caractérisation de l'indice de réfraction et de l'absorption d'un milieu faiblement absorbant. / Terahertz waves have led to a lot of applications, such as security, biology, and high speed wireless telecommunications. Moreover, power detectors are also very useful because they integrate the radiation intensity. This thesis focus on the characterisation of the spectral response of terahertz power detectors in order to integrate wireless communication devices. To that end, we designed an wide-band set-up made of a femtosecond laser, a terahertz emitter, and a two-wave Michelson interferometer. Firstly, we describe how the experiment works, and show its limits through a parametric study. Various configurations were considered, according to the used lasers, in order to obtain the best performances. We then show how to characterise the power detectors response, and validate the experimental results. Finally, thanks to the versatility of our set-up, we show that a unique measurement can give us both a spectral and a spatial beam characterisation at the same time. On the other hand, we also have access to the refractive index and the absorption of weakly absorbing media by the mean of spectroscopic methods.

abstract: As miniature and high-heat-dissipation equipment became major manufacture and operation trends, heat-rejecting and heat-transport solutions faced increasing challenges. In the 1970s, researchers showed that particle suspensions can enhance the heat transfer efficiency of their base fluids. However, their work was hindered by the sedimentation and erosion issues caused by the relatively large particle sizes in their suspensions. More recently, nanofluids--suspensions of nanoparticles in liquids-were proposed to be applied as heat transfer fluids, because of the enhanced thermal conductivity that has generally been observed. However, in practical applications, a heat conduction mechanism may not be sufficient for cooling high-heat-dissipation devices such as microelectronics or powerful optical equipment. Thus, the thermal performance under convective, i.e., flowing heat transfer conditions becomes of primary interest. In addition, with the presence of nanoparticles, the viscosity of a nanofluid is greater than its base fluid and deviates from Einstein's classical prediction. Through the use of a test rig designed and assembled as part of this dissertation, the viscosity and heat transfer coefficient of nanofluids can be simultaneously determined by pressure drop and temperature difference measurements under laminar flow conditions. An extensive characterization of the nanofluid samples, including pH, electrical conductivity, particle sizing and zeta potential, is also documented. Results indicate that with constant wall heat flux, the relative viscosities of nanofluid decrease with increasing volume flow rate. The results also show, based on Brenner's model, that the nanofluid viscosity can be explained in part by the aspect ratio of the aggregates. The measured heat transfer coefficient values for nanofluids are generally higher than those for base fluids. In the developing region, this can be at least partially explained by Prandtl number effects. The Nusselt number ( Nu ) results for nanofluid show that Nu increases with increasing nanofluid volume fraction and volume flow rate. However, only DI-H2O (deionized water) and 5/95 PG/H2O (PG = propylene glycol) based nanofluids with 1 vol% nanoparticle loading have Nu greater than the theoretical prediction, 4.364. It is suggested that the nanofluid has potential to be applied within the thermally developing region when utilizing the nanofluid as a heat transfer liquid in a circular tube. The suggested Reynold's number is greater than 100. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Mechanical Engineering 2010

abstract: The past two decades have been monumental in the advancement of microchips designed for a diverse range of medical applications and bio-analysis. Owing to the remarkable progress in micro-fabrication technology, complex chemical and electro-mechanical features can now be integrated into chip-scale devices for use in biosensing and physiological measurements. Some of these devices have made enormous contributions in the study of complex biochemical processes occurring at the molecular and cellular levels while others overcame the challenges of replicating various functions of human organs as implant systems. This thesis presents test data and analysis of two such systems. First, an ISFET based pH sensor is characterized for its performance in a continuous pH monitoring application. Many of the basic properties of ISFETs including I-V characteristics, pH sensitivity and more importantly, its long term drift behavior have been investigated. A new theory based on frequent switching of electric field across the gate oxide to decrease the rate of current drift has been successfully implemented with the help of an automated data acquisition and switching system. The system was further tested for a range of duty cycles in order to accurately determine the minimum length of time required to fully reset the drift. Second, a microfluidic based vestibular implant system was tested for its underlying characteristics as a light sensor. A computer controlled tilt platform was then implemented to further test its sensitivity to inclinations and thus it‟s more important role as a tilt sensor. The sensor operates through means of optoelectronics and relies on the signals generated from photodiode arrays as a result of light being incident on them. ISFET results show a significant drop in the overall drift and good linear characteristics. The drift was seen to reset at less than an hour. The photodiodes show ideal I-V comparison between photoconductive and photovoltaic modes of operation with maximum responsivity at 400nm and a shunt resistance of 394 MΩ. Additionally, post-processing of the tilt sensor to incorporate the sensing fluids is outlined. Based on several test and fabrication results, a possible method of sealing the open cavity of the chip using a UV curable epoxy has been discussed. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Electrical Engineering 2011

Os dados sobre a Indústria Farmacêutica do Rio Grande do Sul são esparsos e desatualizados. Porém, são indispensáveis para o conhecimento do seu desempenho e o estabelecimento de estratégias para o seu aprimoramento. Este trabalho objetivou traçar o perfil da indústria farmacêutica gaúcha, através da analise das características gerais das empresas, dos aspectos relacionados aos recursos humanos, aos sistemas produtivos e de qualidade, aos produtos, e aos fatores atrelados à tecnologia e ao mercado, além de verificar a adequação do elenco de medicamentos produzidos aos Programas Governamentais de Assistência Farmacêutica. A partir de pesquisa descritiva, do tipo levantamento, realizada no primeiro semestre de 2001, aplicada a 28 empresas, correspondendo a 96,55 % dos estabelecimentos gaúchos que atenderam aos requisitos da pesquisa, pode se inferir, que o setor farmacêutico estadual caracteriza-se como de capital, predominantemente, nacional, constituído, na sua essência, por empresas organizadas como sociedades por quotas de responsabilidade limitada, sendo, na sua maioria, de administração familiar e sustentada por recursos próprios. Basicamente, é composto por estabelecimentos de pequeno parte, quer seja considerado o faturamento médio anual ou o número de empregados. Concentra-se, geograficamente, na área metropolitana, possuindo, em sua maioria, áreas fabris próprias. Apresenta uma grande diversidade de produtos, na sua maior parte, de origem vegetal, com baixo a médio valor tecnológico agregado, não produzindo medicamentos genéricos, nem participando, substancialmente, dos programas govemamentais de saúde. A vasta gama de matérias-primas ativas é adquirida, de forma majoritária, no mercado interno, que é o alvo preferencial do destino de seus produtos. Os sistemas de qualidade, como forma de gestão, encontram-se em processo de implementação. Os indicadores avaliados demonstram o aperfeiçoamento do setor industrial farmacêutico gaúcho, em busca de maior qualidade e competitividade no cenário regional e nacional. / The information set about the pharmaceutical industry of the State Rio Grande do Sul is inaccurate and outdated. These data are, however, essential for the evaluation of its performance as for the setting of development strategies. This work describes the profile of the Southern Brazilian pharmaceutical industry based on the analysis of its general characteristics, the aspects related to the human resources, to the productive and quality systems, to the manufactured drugs, and to the technological and market linked factors and also to the compliance of the governmental pharmaceutical care programs. A descriptive survey was applied in the first semester of 2001 to 28 pharmaceutical enterprises, which fulfilled the research prerequisites and represented 96,55 % of the industrial segment. The majority of the establishments is supported by local financial resources, organized as limited responsibility companies and managed as a family business. On the whole the concerns could be classified as small enterprises both under the annual average revenue or employees number. They are geographically concentrated around the metropolitan region and owned their industrial plants. The production could be characterized by its large diversity of drugs, mainly from vegetable origin, with low to medium aggregate technological value. None generics and small participation at the governmental health policies were observed. The large range of raw materials was purchased from the Brazilian internal market, which was also the preferential sales target. The quality systems, as a management tool, were still under implementation. The observed indices showed the efforts done by the local pharmaceutical segment, in order to improve its quality and competitiveness toward the regional and national scenery.

[pt] Nos últimos anos a demanda por serviços de comunicações móveis tem crescido de modo significativo. Embora o serviço telefônico ainda predomine, com a popularização dos terminais móveis, a transmissão de dados (mensagens curtas, correio eletrônico, acesso à Internet, etc.) assume progressivamente uma posição relevante no mercado. Os sistemas móveis de segunda geração (2G) e da geração de transição (2,5G) ocupam atualmente as faixas de 800 / 900 MHz e 1,8 / 1,9 GHz, sendo esta última estando prevista também para a terceira geração (3G). O aumento crescente que se observa na capacidade dos sistemas móveis e a possibilidade de congestionamento do espectro em UHF são fatores que justificam investigar a utilização de freqüências mais elevadas, onde o problema da largura da faixa de transmissão é menos restritivo. Por outro lado, é de se esperar que, inicialmente, a necessidade de expansão do espectro para os serviços móveis seja crítica em áreas urbanas e suburbanas. As áreas suburbanas são importantes devido aos problemas para prover acesso banda larga nestas regiões devido a baixa capilaridade das redes de TV a Cabo e dos Modens ADSL. A demanda por banda larga faz surgir novas tecnologias, em especial Wi-Fi e WiMAX. Entretanto, as WLAN´s como Wi-Fi dependem de backhall para expansão destas redes. Assim sendo, a tecnologia WiMAX surgiu como alternativa para que se tenha uma oferta de serviços banda larga que atenda a demanda por estes serviços. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho propõe um estudo do canal em 3,5GHz (pois a mesma esta licitado para uso do WiMAX no Brasil) em áreas suburbanas por estas serem as que mais sofrem com o problema de falta de cobertura por produtos banda larga, sem ter na maioria dos casos, sua demanda atendida. O estudo será fundamentado nos fenômenos físicos que caracterizam o canal em 3,5GHz e na análise a partir de duas técnicas de sondagem OFDM e STDCC. Uma comparação entre as técnicas citadas e seu uso para caracterização de canal. / [en] In the last years the demand for services of mobile communications has grown in significant way. Although the telephonic service still predominates, with the increase of the mobile terminals, the transmission of data (short messages, e-mail, access to the Internet, etc.) it is assuming an excellent position in the market. The mobile systems of second generation (2G) and the generation of transistion (2,5G) occupy the bands of 800 currently/ 900 MHz and 1,8/ 1,9 GHz, this last one being also foreseen for third generation (3G). The increasing increase that if observes in the capacity of the mobile systems and the possibility of congestion of the specter in UHF is factors that they justify to more investigate the use of raised frequencies, where the problem of the width of the transmission band is less restrictive. On the other hand, it is of if waiting that, initially, the necessity of expansion of the specter for the mobile services is critical in urban areas. The suburban area important due the problems for supply access wideband in these regions due to problems of density these modem cable and ADSL. Actually the demand by wideband, go to the sprouting of new technologies in special Wi-Fi and WiMAX. However, the WLAN´s as Wi-Fi depend on the backhall for expansion of theses nets. Like this being, the technology WiMAX arose like alternative for that have a wide band service offering that attend the demand by these service. In this context this work proposes a study of the channel in 3,5GHz (therefore to same this licitado for use of the WiMAX in Brazil) in suburban areas by these will be the that more suffer with the cover absence problem by products wide band, without have, in the majority of the cases, its demand attended. The study will be substantiated us physical phenomena that characterize the channel in 3,5GHz and in the analysis from two techniques of survey OFDM and STDCC. A comparison between the techniques cited and his use for characterization of channel.

O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar os pacientes que foram encaminhados por profissionais do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMRP-USP) ao Ambulatório de Psicologia, localizado dentro do Serviço de Psicologia da instituição. Durante o período de 2013 a 2016 o Ambulatório de Psicologia recebeu o total de 189 pacientes, que passaram pelo atendimento de triagem psicológica para a avaliação da elegibilidade do caso, ou seja, se a demanda apresentada pelo paciente e os sintomas psicológicos estavam de acordo com os critérios de inclusão estabelecidos pelo Ambulatório. Dos 110 pacientes que foram aceitos no Ambulatório, 58 estavam de acordo com os critérios de inclusão desta pesquisa. Para a caracterização sóciodemográfica utilizou-se a Entrevista de Anamnese Padrão do Ambulatório de Psicologia. Para a avaliação dos aspectos psicológicos e comportamentais utilizou-se o Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck (BAI), o Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI), Inventário de Sintomas de Estresse para Adultos de Lipp (ISSL), Inventário de Habilidades Sociais (IHS) e para avaliar a qualidade de vida utilizou-se o World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQoL-Bref). As análises foram conduzidas no software Statistical Package for the Social Science 20.0 (SPSS 20.0), foram realizados testes para verificar a existência de associação entre as variáveis sociodemográficas e os resultados obtidos nos instrumentos. A caracterização sociodemográfica identificou que 81% dos pacientes são mulheres, 46,6% possuem de 18 a 58 anos, 58,6% são procedentes de Ribeirão Preto, 58% possuem companheiro, 39,7% possuem de 10 a 14 anos de estudo e 62,% trabalham. As principais fontes de encaminhamento foram da Psicologia (22%) e das especialidades voltadas ao cuidado da saúde da mulher (19%). Em relação ao desfecho do atendimento psicológico, 54% ocorreram devido à alta por falta ou desistência do paciente. Quanto aos aspectos psicológicos e comportamentais, 46,6% apresentaram sintomas de ansiedade moderado e grave e 55,2% sintomas de depressão moderado e grave 55,2% e 89,7% possuem estresse. Houve o predomínio de déficit nas habilidades sociais nos fatores avaliados no IHS e a autossatisfação com a qualidade de vida foi avaliada como ruim por 43% dos pacientes. Esta pesquisa obteve dados relevantes para a melhoria no funcionamento do Ambulatório de Psicologia do HCFMRP/USP e por se tratar de um centro de atendimento de grande porte, que forma profissionais especializados, torna-se importante a produção e divulgação de conhecimentos na área. / The purpose of this study was to characterize those who were referred by professionals from the Clinic Hospital of the Medical School of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (HCFMRP-USP) to the Ambulatory of Psychology, located within the Psychology Department of the institution. During the period from 2013 to 2016, the Ambulatory of Psychology received a total of 189 patients, who underwent psychological screening to assess the eligibility of the case, in other words, whether the patient\'s demand and the psychological symptoms were in agreement with the inclusion criteria established by the Ambulatory. Out of the 110 patients who were admitted to the outpatient clinic, 58 were in agreement with the inclusion criteria of this study. For the sociodemographic characterization the Interview of Standard Anamnesis of the Ambulatory of Psychology was used. For the evaluation of the psychological and behavioral aspects the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Lipp´s Inventory of Stress Symptoms for Adults (ISSL), Social Skills Inventory (IHS) were used, and to evaluate the quality of life the World Health Organization of Life (WHOQoL-Bref) was used. The analyzes were conducted in the Statistical Package for Social Science 20.0 (SPSS 20.0) software, and tests were carried out to verify the existence of an association between sociodemographic variables and the results obtained in the instruments. The sociodemographic characterization identified that 81% of the patients are women, 46.6% are 18 to 58 years old, 58.6% are from Ribeirão Preto, 58% have a partner, 39.7% have 10 to 14 years of study and 62,% work. The main sources of referrals were from Psychology (22%) and specialties focused on women\'s healthcare (19%). Regarding to the outcome of psychological care, 54% occurred because of discharge due to lacks or patient\'s abandonment. Concerning the psychological and behavioral factors, 46.6% had symptoms of moderate and severe anxiety and 55.2% had moderate and severe depression symptoms, 55.2% and 89.7% had stress. There was an absolute predominance of deficit in social skills factors evaluated in the IHS, and self-satisfaction with quality of life was evaluated as \'poor\' by 43% of the patients. This research obtained relevant data for the improvement in the functioning of the Ambulatory of Psychology of HCFMRP/USP and because it is a large service center, which forms specialized professionals, it becomes important to produce and disseminate knowledge in the area.

In thin films solar cells technology, many different materials have been used; however, toxic and expensive materials and techniques have been widely employed up to date. In this work, three different low/non-toxic materials were grown by means simple and cheap techniques.Cd1–xZnxS thin films with Zn concentrations of 0–5 at.% were analyzed. The effect of the addition of different molar Zn concentrations to the reaction mixture on the growth mechanism of Cd1–xZnxS thin films and the influence of these mechanisms on structural, optical and morphological properties of the films has been studied.Cd1–xZnxS thin films were synthesized by chemical bath deposition using an ammonia-free alkaline solution. Microstructural analysis by X-ray diffraction showed that all deposited films grew with hexagonal wurtzite structure and crystallite sizes decreased as the Zn concentration in the film increased. Optical measurements indicated a high optical transmission between 75 % and 90 % for wavelengths above the absorption edge. Band gap value increased from 2.48 eV to 2.62 eV, and the refractive index values for Cd1–xZnxS thin films decreased as the Zn increased. These changes in films and properties are related to a modification in growth mechanism of the Cd1–xZnxS thin films, with the influence of Zn(OH)2 formation being more important as Zn in solution increased.Characterization of ZnS thin films deposited by chemical bath in a non-toxic alkaline solution is reported. The effect of deposition technique (growth in several times) on the properties of the ZnS thin film was studied. The films exhibited a high percentage of optical transmission (greater than 80 %); as the deposition time increased a decreasing in the band gap values from 3.83 eV to 3.71 eV was observed. From chemical analysis, the presence of ZnS and Zn(OH)2 was identified and X-ray diffraction patterns exhibited a clear peak corresponding to ZnS hexagonal phase (103) plane, which was confirmed by electron diffraction patterns. From morphological studies, compact samples with well-defined particles, low roughness, homogeneous and pinhole-free in the surface were observed.On the other side, characterization of one-step electrodeposited CuInS2 thin films is reported. The effect of the complexing agent C8H5KO4 on the reduction potential of metallic ions, as well as the annealing conditions to avoid film oxidation was studied. From polarization curves, it was observed that C8H5KO4 is an appropriate complexing agent to bring the reduction potential of Cu2+ closer to In3+. XRD patterns showed films with hexagonal structure and no peaks attributed to oxide phases were observed, under a 95 % N2 + 5 % H2 atmosphere and using a carbon holder. However, others two weak peaks associated to Cu7S4 phase were identified. The CuInS2 thin films exhibited a band gap value of 1.50 eV, low optical transmission in the visible range, p-type conductivity and a charge carrier concentration of 2.3 × 10-18 cm-3. Finally, from morphological and chemical analysis, it was possible to observe a compact morphology and free of pinholes surface with a composition close to the stoichiometric one. / Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Algal bloom can significantly impact reverse osmosis desalination process and reduce the drinking water production. In 2008, a major bloom event forced several UAE reverse osmosis plants to stop their production, and in this context, a better understanding of UF membrane fouling caused by algal organic matter (AOM) is needed, in order to adjust the filtration conditions during algal bloom events. Polymeric MF/UF membranes are already widely used for RO pretreatment, but ceramic UF membranes can also be an alternative for the filtration of marine algal solutions. The fouling potential of the Red Sea and the Arabian Sea, sampled at different seasons, along with four algal monocultures grown in laboratory, and one mesocosm experiment in the Red Sea was investigated. Algal solutions induce a stronger and more irreversible fouling than terrestrial humic solution, toward ceramic membrane. During algal bloom events, this fouling is enhanced and becomes even more problematic at the decline phase of the bloom, for a similar initial DOC. Three main mechanisms are involved: the formation of a cake layer at the membrane surface; the penetration of the algal organic matter (AOM) in the pore network of the membrane; the strong adhesion of AOM with the membrane surface. The last mechanism is species-specific and metal-oxide specific. In order to understand the stronger ceramic UF fouling at the decline phase, AOM quality was analyzed every two days. During growth, AOM is getting enriched in High Molecular Weight (HMW) structures (> 200 kDa), which are mainly composed by proteins and polysaccharides, and these compounds seem to be responsible for the stronger fouling at decline phase. In order to prevent the fouling of ceramic membrane, coagulation-flocculation (CF) using ferric chloride was implemented prior to filtration. It permits a high removal of HMW compounds and greatly reduces the fouling potential of the algal solution. During brief algal bloom events, CF should be implemented prior to UF to protect the membranes. A comparison between polymeric and ceramic UF membranes showed that ceramic membrane suffers from a stronger fouling but permits a better removal of DOC and particularly HMW compounds.