Orientador: Simone dos Santos Aguiar / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T08:24:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eid_KatiaAparecidadeBrito_D.pdf: 1187431 bytes, checksum: e62e4911ad1d92b3213551ba2a1b41a7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: Introdução: As células progenitoras periféricas hematopoiéticas (CPHP) é uma das alternativas de enxerto para a realização de transplante autólogo em crianças, adolescente e adulto jovem portadores de tumores sólidos e linfomas. Na mobilização, a dose clássica de G-CSF é 10µg/kg/peso do paciente SC em dose única. Acredita-se que doses maiores de G-CSF aplicadas duas vezes ao dia aumentariam o número de CD34+ coletadas com o menor número de leucaféreses. A tecnologia atual permite que seja realizado leucaférese em crianças com baixo peso (<10 kg). Objetivo: o mote do estudo foi avaliar se o G-CSF na dose de 15µg/kg peso do paciente ao dia e fracionado em duas doses, 10µg/kg e 5µg/kg, diminuiria o número de leucaférese realizada para atingir o mínimo de 3x106/kg/peso do paciente de CD34+ quando comparada com G-CSF na dose convencional, 10µg/kg/peso do paciente em dose única. Métodos: Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos. Grupo 10 formado por pacientes que receberam G-CSF 10µg/kg/peso SC ao dia em dose única às 6h e grupo 15 formado por pacientes que receberam G-CSF 15µg/kg/peso SC ao dia dividido em duas vezes, 10µg/kg SC às 6h e 5µg/kg SC às 18h. As leucaféreses foram realizadas em um separador celular automático de fluxo contínuo com anticoagulante ACD-A, foram processados 4 volemias em cada leucaférese. Pacientes com < 20 kg receberam priming de concentrado de hemácias filtradas e irradiadas (CHFI) durante as leucaféreses. A realização do transplante autólogo ocorreu com o número mínimo de 3x106/kg/peso de CD34+. Resultados: Sessenta e cincos pacientes portadores de tumores sólidos e linfomas foram avaliados, 39 pacientes receberam 10µg/kg/peso SC ao dia em dose única às 6h de G-CSF e 26 pacientes receberam 10µg/kg SC às 6h e 5µg/kg SC às 18h de G-CSF. Foram realizadas 146 leucaféreses, 110 (75,3%) no grupo 10 e 36 (24,7%) leucaféreses no grupo 15. No grupo 10 foi obtido uma mediana de 3 (1-7) leucaféreses e coletado uma média de 8,89x106/kg (± 9,59) de CD34+, o grupo 15 realizou uma mediana de 1 (1-3) leucaféreses e coletado uma média de 5,29x106/kg (± 4,95) de CD34+. Uma diferença estatística importante foi o número de leucaféreses (p<0,0001). Nenhum paciente apresentou intercorrências durante as leucaféreses. Os pacientes que receberam CHFI (<20 kg) não apresentaram hipovolemia nas leucaféreses realizadas. Conclusão: Para coletar o mínimo de 3x106/kg/peso de CD34+, a aplicação de G-CSF 15µg/kg/peso fracionada diminuiu significativamente o número de leucaférese realizada / Abstract: Introduction: The peripheral hematopoietic progenitor cells are a graft choice for performing autologous transplantation. In the mobilization, the classical dose of G-CSF is 10?g/kg of the patient in a single dose. There is a theory that higher doses of G-CSF applied twice daily could increase the number of collected CD34+ cells with a smallest number of leukapheresis. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate if a fractionated-dose of G-CSF at 15?g/kg of patient may reduce the number of leukapheresis for achieving the minimum target of 3 x 106/kg of CD34+ cells as compared to conventional dose of G-CSF. Methods: Patients were divided into two groups. Group 10: patients who received a single dose daily of G-CSF 10?g/kg and Group 15: patients who received twice dose daily of G-CSF 15?g/kg. The leukapheresis were processed in an automated cell separator. The autologous transplantation happened when the minimum number of 3x106/kg CD34+ was reached. Results: Group 10 enrolled 39 patients who received 10?g/kg of G-CSF and group 15 had 26 patients who received 15?g/kg fractionated of G-CSF. There were a total of 146 aphaeresis; 110 (75.3%) in group 10 and 36 (24.7%) group 15. Group 10 collected a median of 3 (1-7) leukapheresis and a mean of 8.89 x106/kg (± 9.59) CD34+, whereas group 15 had a median of 1 (1-3) leukapheresis and collected a mean of 5.29 x106/kg (± 4.95). The relevant difference statistic was the number of aphaeresis (p<0.0001). Conclusion: To collect a minimum target of 3x106/kg of CD34 +, the application of fractionated-dose of 15?g/kg G-CSF decreased significantly the number of leukapheresis performed / Doutorado / Saude da Criança e do Adolescente / Doutora em Ciências

A aplicação de sistemas de múltiplos robôs é desejável em várias tarefas. Algumas delas são: exploração de ambientes, mineração, detecção de minas terrestres, segurança e operações de resgate. Uma estratégia eficiente de coordenação é decisiva para alcançar melhoras no desempenho. Neste projeto, duas novas estratégias são propostas para a coordenação de sistemas de múltiplos robôs, aplicadas para as tarefas de exploração, vigilância e formação. Elas são distribuídas, descentralizadas e ocorrem em tempo de execução. A inspiração para ambas advém de mecanismos biológicos que definem uma organização social de sistemas coletivos. Especificamente, considerou-se nesta tese uma versão modificada do sistema de colônia de formigas. As estratégias são adaptáveis para cenários em que o número de robôs e a estrutura do ambiente mudam. Em relação à primeira estratégia, os experimentos consideram dois critérios de desempenho: a média de ciclos de vigilância e a média de iterações em cada intervalo de segurança. Os resultados de simulação confirmam que a exploração e vigilância emergem da sinergia dos comportamentos individuais dos robôs. Os dados obtidos mostram que a estratégia de coordenação é eficiente e satisfatória para realizar as tarefas de exploração e vigilância. Quanto à segunda estratégia, o sistema apresenta as características desejáveis para que a formação seja mantida: separação, alinhamento e coesão. Evidências empíricas mostraram que o sistema possui boa habilidade dispersiva, o que promoveu o aumento da cobertura, e que o mesmo foi capaz de se adaptar a novas topologias de grupo e configurações de ambiente / The application of systems of multiple robots is desirable in various tasks. Some of them include: exploration, mining, land mine detection, security and rescue operations. An effective strategy for coordination is crucial to achieve performance improvements. In this project, two new strategies are proposed for the coordination of multiple robot systems, applied to the tasks of exploration, surveillance and formation. They are distributed, decentralized and performed in real time. The inspiration for both of them comes from the biological mechanisms that define a social organization of collective systems. Specifically, it was considered in this thesis a modified version of the Ant Colony System. The strategies are adaptable for scenarios where the number of robots and structure of the environment change. Regarding the first strategy, the experiments consider two performance criteria: average surveillance cycles and average iterations for each patrolling interval. Simulation results confirm that the exploration and surveillance emerge from the synergy of individual behaviors of robots. The data obtained show that the coordination strategy is efficient and and suitable to perform the tasks of exploration and surveillance. Regarding the second strategy, the system presents the characteristics desirable to maintain the formation: separation, alignment and cohesion. Empirical evidence showed that the system has good dispersive ability, which promoted an increase in coverage, and that it was able to adapt to new group topologies and environment settings

A manutenção do estado progenitor durante o cultivo de células mesenquimais progenitoras derivadas do tecido adiposo (MSCs-TA), caracterizado pelo potencial de diferenciação e da capacidade de autorrenovação, é atualmente um dos maiores desafios da terapia celular. Sabendo da influência da angiogênese no desenvolvimento de tecidos de origem mesenquimal, avaliamos se um ambiente pro-angiogênico mimetizado em cultura forneceria condições para manutenção de um estado progenitor durante o processo de expansão celular. Utilizando como modelo de um ambiente pró-angiogênico o cultivo no meio EGM-2, o qual é suplementado pelos fatores de crescimento EGF, FGF-2, IGF e VEGF, nós demonstramos que a presença de tais fatores pró-angiogênicos é fundamental para a manutenção do estado progenitor de MSCs-TA em cultura. Verificamos que a presença de tais fatores de crescimento possibilitaram às MSCs-TA apresentarem um alto potencial de diferenciação adipogênico e osteogênico em comparação ao meio convencional DMEM/F12 e ao meio EBM, ausente de fatores. Além disso, o cultivo na presença de fatores pró-angiogênicos aumentou o potencial clonogênico das MSCs-TA, ao mesmo tempo em que aumentou a capacidade proliferativa destas células. Dentre os fatores de crescimento, EGF e FGF-2 foram responsáveis pelos efeitos mais robustos. Ao mesmo tempo, células cultivadas nas presença destas citocinas foram capazes de manter a morfologia fibroblastóide e apresentaram alta expressão do fator de pluripotência Klf-4. Em concordância com estes achados, o transplante subcutâneo de MSCs-TA cultivadas nestas condições mostrou que aquelas mantidas em EGM-2 geram um tecido semelhante ao tecido formado pela fração estromal vascular não cultivada. Estes resultados reforçam o papel do ambiente pró-angiogênico na manutenção do estado progenitor de MSCs-TA, e que tal estado foi proporcionado pela ação dos fatores de crescimento pró-angiogênicos EGF, FGF-2, IGF e VEGF nas células em cultivo, com destaque para as citocinas EGF e FGF-2. Em conclusão, o uso do ambiente pró-angiogênico no cultivo de MSCs-TA mostrou-se como uma abordagem promissora para a manutenção do estado progenitor destas células in vitro. / The maintenance of the progenitor state in the culture of adipose tissue derived- mesenchymal progenitor cell (TA-MSCs), characterized by the differentiation potential and self-renewal capability, is currently one of the major challenges of cell therapy. The information that the angiogenesis influences the development of mesenchymal tissues, has led us to evaluate how a pro-angiogenic environment mimicked in culture would provide conditions for maintaining a progenitor state during the cell expansion process. We designe a model for a pro-angiogenic environment in which cells grown in EGM-2 supplemented with the following growth factors: EGF, FGF-2, IGF and VEGF, and demonstrated that the presence of such pro-angiogenic growth factors was crucial for maintenance of the progenitor of AT-MSCs in culture. We observed that the presence of such growth factors allowed to AT-MSCs a high potential of adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation compared to conventional DMEM/F12 medium and the EBM medium, in the absence of the factors. Furthermore, the culture in presence of pro-angiogenic growth factors increased the clonogenic potential of AT-MSCs and increased the proliferative capability of these cells. Among the growth factors, EGF and FGF-2 were responsible for most robust effects. At the same time, cells cultured in the presence of these cytokines were able to maintaining the fibroblastoid morphology and presented high expression levels of Klf-4 pluripotency factor. In agreement with these observations, the subcutaneous transplantation of AT-MSCs cultured under these conditions showed that those cells kept in EGM-2 generated a tissue-like to tissue formed by the stromal vascular fraction uncultivated. These results reinforce the role of the pro-angiogenic environment in the maintenance of the progenitor state of AT-MSCs, and that such a state was provided by the action of the pro-angiogenic growth factors EGF, FGF-2, IGF and VEGF in cultured cells, highlighting EGF and FGF-2 cytokines. In conclusion, we showed that the use of a pro-angiogenic environment in AT-MSCs culture is a promising approach to the maintain the progenitor state of these cells in vitro.

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become a popular research area that is widely gaining the attraction from both the research and the practitioner communities due to their wide area of applications. These applications include real-time sensing for audio delivery, imaging, video streaming, and remote monitoring with positive impact in many fields such as precision agriculture, ubiquitous healthcare, environment protection, smart cities and many other fields. While WSNs are aimed to constantly handle more intricate functions such as intelligent computation, automatic transmissions, and in-network processing, such capabilities are constrained by their limited processing capability and memory footprint as well as the need for the sensor batteries to be cautiously consumed in order to extend their lifetime. This thesis revisits the issue of the energy efficiency in sensor networks by proposing a novel clustering approach for routing the sensor readings in wireless sensor networks. The main contribution of this dissertation is to 1) propose corrective measures to the traditional energy model adopted in current sensor networks simulations that erroneously discount both the role played by each node, the sensor node capability and fabric and 2) apply these measures to a novel hierarchical routing architecture aiming at maximizing sensor networks lifetime. We propose three energy models for sensor network: a) a service-aware model that account for the specific role played by each node in a sensor network b) a sensor-aware model and c) load-balancing energy model that accounts for the sensor node fabric and its energy footprint. These three models are complemented by a load-balancing model structured to balance energy consumption on the network of cluster heads that forms the backbone for any cluster-based hierarchical sensor network. We present two novel approaches for clustering the nodes of a hierarchical sensor network: a) a distance-aware clustering where nodes are clustered based on their distance and the residual energy and b) a service-aware clustering where the nodes of a sensor network are clustered according to their service offered to the network and their residual energy. These approaches are implemented into a family of routing protocols referred to as EOCIT (Energy Optimization using Clustering Techniques) which combines sensor node energy location and service awareness to achieve good network performance. Finally, building upon the Ant Colony Optimization System (ACS), Multipath Routing protocol based on Ant Colony Optimization approach for Wireless Sensor Networks (MRACO) is proposed as a novel multipath routing protocol that finds energy efficient routing paths for sensor readings dissemination from the cluster heads to the sink/base station of a hierarchical sensor network. Our simulation results reveal the relative efficiency of the newly proposed approaches compared to selected related routing protocols in terms of sensor network lifetime maximization.

This construction programme deals with a hermit colony located in the western part of the Vysočina Region. This hermit colony has been established to provide accommodation for women living in this area permanently while offering an opportunity of occasional relaxation for people who are living hectic lives in urban environment. The aim of my project is to design the remaining parts of the colony, i.e. two hermitages and the community’s chapel. A hermitage is a one-storey building intended for one person only. The load-bearing walls of the individual hermitages are designed to be built from different materials (wooden and masonry constructions) whereas the elevational structures of all the buildings are to be the same. The chapel’s wall system combines stone and wood. The chapel will serve solely the purposes of the community. The main objective of my project is to respect and maintain the natural features of the landscape to the maximum extent possible.

This thesis deals with the relationship between HVAC systems and internal microclimate of buildings. The work discusses briefly about different components which are formulating internal microclimate. More details are then focused on the issue of microbial microclimate.

The content of the thesis is a description of intracellular processes responsible for cell cycle regulation and reactions of cells to external and internal stimuli. Thoroughly described are important signaling pathways with appropriate methods, which can be used to simulate them in silico. From these cellular processes, a cell cycle model is created and implemented in a tool programmed in C ++ with OpenGL used for visualization. The model is then tested for various cell processes including HeLa cells growth. Finally, the results are compared with the behavior of living cells.

The thesis describe issue of segmentation and classification of Petri dishes colored images. There is proposed a segmentation method that extracts positions of cells from the image. Another techniques focues on classification to groups according to the parameters obtained from images. Reliability of each optimalized algorithm is tested on database containing 250 colored images received from company BioVendor Instruents a.s.

In einer von Vernetzung und Globalisierung geprägten Umwelt wächst der Wettbewerbsdruck auf die Unternehmen am Markt stetig. Die effektive Nutzung der Ressourcen einerseits und die enge Zusammenarbeit mit Lieferanten und Kunden andererseits führen für nicht wenige Unternehmen des industriellen Sektors zu entscheidenden Wettbewerbsvorteilen, die das Fortbestehen jener Unternehmen am Markt sichern. Viele Unternehmen verstehen sich aus diesem Grund als Bestandteil so genannter Supply Chains. Die unternehmensübergreifende Steuerung und Optimierung des Wertschöpfungsprozesses stellt ein charakteristisches Problem des Supply Chain Managements dar und besitzt zur Erzielung von Wettbewerbsvorteilen hohes Potential. Produktionsnetzwerke sind ein wesentlicher Forschungsschwerpunkt der Professur für Produktionswirtschaft und Industriebetriebslehre an der TU Chemnitz. Das Extended Value Chain Management (EVCM) stellt ein kompetenzorientiertes Konzept für die Bildung und zum Betrieb hierarchieloser temporärer regionaler Produktionsnetzwerke im Sinne virtueller Unternehmen dar. Gegenstand dieser Arbeit ist ein diskretes Optimierungsproblem, dass einen mehrstufigen Entscheidungsprozesses unter Berücksichtigung mehrerer Ziele abbildet, der sich bei der Auswahl möglicher Partner in einem Produktionsnetzwerk nach dem Betreiberkonzept des EVCM ergibt. Da mehrere Zielstellungen bestehen, werden grundlegende Methoden der mehrkriteriellen Optimierung und Entscheidung erörtert. Neben der Vorstellung des Problems sollen mehrzielorientierte Ansätze im Sinne einer Pareto-Optimierung auf Basis des Dynamic Programmings als Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Optimallösungen sowie Ant Colony Optimization zur näherungsweisen Lösung vorgestellt werden. Darauf aufbauend werden verschiedene Möglichkeiten der Hybridisierung beider Methoden diskutiert. Die entwickelten Ansätze werden auf ihre Eignung im Rahmen der informationstechnischen Umsetzung des EVCM-Konzepts untersucht und einer Evaluierung unterzogen. Hierzu werden verschiedene Kennzahlen zur Beurteilung der Verfahren entwickelt. Die modellierten Algorithmen und entwickelten Konzepte beschränken sich nicht ausschließlich auf das betrachtete Problem, sondern können leicht auf Probleme mit ähnlichen Eigenschaften übertragen werden. Insbesondere das NP-vollständige mehrkriterielle Kürzeste-Wege-Problem stellt einen Spezialfall des behandelten Optimierungsproblems dar.

Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as an unicellular organism is one of the best-studied experimental organisms. It is an important model organism for the study of intracellular processes of eukaryotic cells. Yeasts are also social organisms with cell-to-cell communication able to form organized multicellular structures (colonies and biofilms). Yeast and other microorganisms in nature prefer to form colonies on solid substrates rather than to grow as "planktonic" single cells (Palková, 2004; Wimpenny, 2009). The yeast S. cerevisiae typically forms colonies, biofilms were described only rarely. Yeast colonies exhibit an organized morphological pattern characteristic of each particular yeast strain (Kocková-Kratochvílová, 1982). This work is focusing on morphology and differentiation of the S. cerevisiae colonies of common laboratory strains forming less structured colonies, and strains of the Σ1278b genetic background forming highly structured "fluffy" colonies. It shows that polarized budding pattern and especially cell ability to form aggregates enable development of structured morphology. During development of "fluffy" colonies two differently regulated events of dimorphic switch from yeast form to filamentous growth occur. One of these events is dependent on the surface glycoprotein, Flo11p flocculin. This...