<p>Building Information Modeling -BIM- is an innovative method to seamlessly bridgecommunication within the architecture, engineering and construction industries.With BIM software you can exchange information during the design, construction,and maintaining. BIM can be seen as a continuation of the CAD software, wherethe users exchanged information by word of mouth, now is made automatically.To get the effect required for BIM one or more CAD-systems have to work togetherto exchange information. Revit Architecture is an application by Autodeskwhere BIM is used from the design and construction to the documentation andmaintaining of a building. Configura is one of the major software developers of interiorsolutions and want to integrate their software with Revit Architecture. Theconcept of objects in both software system suit well to be used in BIM and witha live connection these could be shared between the applications. One of the conclusionsin this investigation was that the only way to have integration betweenthe applications was to use the API provided by Autodesk. And therefore theimplementation is limited to the function in it. Revit API is a powerful programmingenvironment that let 3rd party software extend the functionality in Revit.The results show how Remote Procedure Call as a communication tool can beused to exchange data between the applications, how different type of data can berepresented in both applications, and why we cannot have a live synchronization.</p>

<p>Most software is now developed by professional programmers, and the millions of users of “shrink-wrapped” applications never meet the developers. The skills of professional programmers are obviously required in many software development projects. However, there are also reasons, ranging from practical and economical to philosophical and educational, why people without this background may want to develop their own applications or tailor applications to their own use.</p><p>The general purpose programming languages and development tools used by professional programmers are not suitable for people outside this profession. Instead, people outside this profession need more high-level tools that allow them to express solutions using domain and task specific terms. Despite the accumulated experience from such environments within the end-user programming community, creating a new application development environment for a domain or task remains a large development task, and can be too time-consuming and costly to be found worthwhile.</p><p>This thesis presents an approach to reducing the effort needed in developing extensible application composition environments for end users. We use the term “end user” in the same way as the end-user programming community, to denote a person who wants to develop an application or tailor an application to a specific use, without needing professional programming skills. The work in the thesis was initiated based on experience from development of proof-of-concept implementations of such environments in two European research projects. With this background, a set of user and developer roles are identified and organised into a value chain for development of such environments. Further, the approach combines the research areas of component-based software engineering and end-user programming to propose an overall architecture, component frameworks and tools suitable to support development of such environments. The validity of the results is established through partial prototyping of the frameworks and tools, combined with qualitative analyses of how these can be fully implemented and of their suitability for their intended purpose.</p><p>The main contributions of this thesis are:</p><p>• a value chain for development of application composition environments, with identification and description of tasks of each of the identified developer roles;</p><p>• an overall architecture for developing extensible application composition environments based on component frameworks;</p><p>• architecture of two component frameworks defining mechanisms and rules of behaviour for components ensuring extensibility at runtime and edit time;</p><p>• definition and description of a set of UML stereotypes for modelling domain frameworks based on the component frameworks, and a mapping to Java/JavaBeans allowing a code generator tool to produce part of the implementation;</p><p>• definition and description of tools which use the model of a domain framework as input and partially transform the work of creating composition environments and editors for domain objects from a programming task to a configuration task.</p>

We present a component-based approach for recognizing objects under large pose changes. From a set of training images of a given object we extract a large number of components which are clustered based on the similarity of their image features and their locations within the object image. The cluster centers build an initial set of component templates from which we select a subset for the final recognizer. In experiments we evaluate different sizes and types of components and three standard techniques for component selection. The component classifiers are finally compared to global classifiers on a database of four objects.

Most software is now developed by professional programmers, and the millions of users of “shrink-wrapped” applications never meet the developers. The skills of professional programmers are obviously required in many software development projects. However, there are also reasons, ranging from practical and economical to philosophical and educational, why people without this background may want to develop their own applications or tailor applications to their own use. The general purpose programming languages and development tools used by professional programmers are not suitable for people outside this profession. Instead, people outside this profession need more high-level tools that allow them to express solutions using domain and task specific terms. Despite the accumulated experience from such environments within the end-user programming community, creating a new application development environment for a domain or task remains a large development task, and can be too time-consuming and costly to be found worthwhile. This thesis presents an approach to reducing the effort needed in developing extensible application composition environments for end users. We use the term “end user” in the same way as the end-user programming community, to denote a person who wants to develop an application or tailor an application to a specific use, without needing professional programming skills. The work in the thesis was initiated based on experience from development of proof-of-concept implementations of such environments in two European research projects. With this background, a set of user and developer roles are identified and organised into a value chain for development of such environments. Further, the approach combines the research areas of component-based software engineering and end-user programming to propose an overall architecture, component frameworks and tools suitable to support development of such environments. The validity of the results is established through partial prototyping of the frameworks and tools, combined with qualitative analyses of how these can be fully implemented and of their suitability for their intended purpose. The main contributions of this thesis are: • a value chain for development of application composition environments, with identification and description of tasks of each of the identified developer roles; • an overall architecture for developing extensible application composition environments based on component frameworks; • architecture of two component frameworks defining mechanisms and rules of behaviour for components ensuring extensibility at runtime and edit time; • definition and description of a set of UML stereotypes for modelling domain frameworks based on the component frameworks, and a mapping to Java/JavaBeans allowing a code generator tool to produce part of the implementation; • definition and description of tools which use the model of a domain framework as input and partially transform the work of creating composition environments and editors for domain objects from a programming task to a configuration task.

Solutions to physical problems described by Differential Equationson complex domains are in except for special cases almost impossibleto find. This turns our interest toward numerical approaches. Sincethe size of the numerical models tends to be very large when handlingcomplex problems, the area of model reduction is always a hot topic. Inthis report we look into a model reduction method called ComponentMode Synthesis. This can be described as dividing a large and complexdomain into smaller and more manageable ones. On each of thesesubdomains, we solve an eigenvalue problem and use the eigenvectorsas a reduced basis. Depending on the required accuracy we mightwant to use many or few modes in each subdomain, this opens for anadaptive selection of which subdomains that affects the solution most.We cover two numerical examples where we solve Helmholtz equationin a linear elastic problem. The first example is a truss and the othera gear wheel. In both examples we use an adaptive algorithm to refinethe reduced basis and compare the results with a uniform refinementand with a classic model reduction method called Modal Analysis. Wealso introduce a new approach when computing the coupling modesonly on the adjacent subdomains.

In this thesis, we exercised the componentization technique to componentize the Netfilter architecture in Linux network system. Netfilter is a software architecture for filtering packets. System administrator can register packet-matching rules and target handling function into the system. Netfilter matches packets according to the rules and processes them by the corresponding target functions. By componentizing the architecture, we can improve the elasticity and the reusability of Netfilter. Hot-swapping is an important procedure in componentized software system. In this study, we implemented hot-swapping based on the work developed by Fan[1]. It stores the relocation information of exporting symbols into the module symbol table. With this information, we are able to dynamically change the caller-callee relationship of modular components at run time. In addition, we extend their work to allow the same modular component to be loaded into Linux kernel for more than once so that the same component can be replicated in the system. We started with decomposing all the ¡§hook¡¨ functions into smaller and simpler components and then for each component, we added in-ports and out-ports and registered its own iptables, and we fixed the limitation of only one instance of a module allowed in kernel and broke the hard rule in iptables. As a result, after Netfilter componentization, we are able to illustrate new configurations that cannot be done in the original architecture, and the system becomes further compact with only necessary components loaded in the system. This reflects in slight performance improvement in our experiments, which is not usually seen in other frameworks due to componentization overhead.

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Computational research making use of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations has begun to expand the paradigm of structural biology to include dynamics as the mediator between structure and function. This work aims to expand the utility of MD simulations by developing Principal Component Analysis (PCA) techniques to extract the biologically relevant information in these increasingly complex data sets. Gramicidin is a simple protein with a very clear functional role and a long history of experimental, theoretical and computational study, making it an ideal candidate for detailed quantitative study and the development of new analysis techniques. First we quantify the convergence of our PCA results to underwrite the scope and validity of three 64 ns simulations of gA and two covalently linked analogs (SS and RR) solvated in a glycerol mono-oleate (GMO) membrane. Next we introduce a number of statistical measures for identifying regions of anharmonicity on the free energy landscape and highlight the utility of PCA in identifying functional modes of motion at both long and short wavelengths. We then introduce a simple ansatz for extracting physically meaningful modes of collective dynamics from the results of PCA, through a weighted superposition of eigenvectors. Applied to the gA, SS and RR backbone, this analysis results in a small number of collective modes which relate structural differences among the three analogs to dynamic properties with functional interpretations. Finally, we apply elements of our analysis to the GMO membrane, yielding two simple modes of motion from a large number of noisy and complex eigenvectors. Our results demonstrate that PCA can be used to isolate covariant motions on a number of different length and time scales, and highlight the need for an adequate structural and dynamical account of many more PCs than have been conventionally examined in the analysis of protein motion.

Computational research making use of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations has begun to expand the paradigm of structural biology to include dynamics as the mediator between structure and function. This work aims to expand the utility of MD simulations by developing Principal Component Analysis (PCA) techniques to extract the biologically relevant information in these increasingly complex data sets. Gramicidin is a simple protein with a very clear functional role and a long history of experimental, theoretical and computational study, making it an ideal candidate for detailed quantitative study and the development of new analysis techniques. First we quantify the convergence of our PCA results to underwrite the scope and validity of three 64 ns simulations of gA and two covalently linked analogs (SS and RR) solvated in a glycerol mono-oleate (GMO) membrane. Next we introduce a number of statistical measures for identifying regions of anharmonicity on the free energy landscape and highlight the utility of PCA in identifying functional modes of motion at both long and short wavelengths. We then introduce a simple ansatz for extracting physically meaningful modes of collective dynamics from the results of PCA, through a weighted superposition of eigenvectors. Applied to the gA, SS and RR backbone, this analysis results in a small number of collective modes which relate structural differences among the three analogs to dynamic properties with functional interpretations. Finally, we apply elements of our analysis to the GMO membrane, yielding two simple modes of motion from a large number of noisy and complex eigenvectors. Our results demonstrate that PCA can be used to isolate covariant motions on a number of different length and time scales, and highlight the need for an adequate structural and dynamical account of many more PCs than have been conventionally examined in the analysis of protein motion.

During the summer 2012 a bachelor’s thesis was performed at Autoliv Sweden AB inVårgårda regarding potential improvements on launches, with focus on the purchasingprocess. The activities that were needed to be able to reach the main goal, proposals ofpotential improvements, were divided into three interim goals. The interim goals can beseen as activities along the way containing necessary information that was needed to beable to come up with potential improvements. The approach for the thesis was to first do a literature review on value stream mapping, how development projects at Autoliv Sweden AB are performed and on launches in theautomotive industry based on scientific articles. After the literature review a case study wasmade, using value stream mapping as a tool, on one development project at AutolivSweden AB for investigation of the launch. The result of the case study was presented intwo maps over the administrative stream for the components in the development project;one according to project time plan and one according to how the activities in the launchactual were performed. Based on the literature and the maps from the case study, three potential improvements, that would be relatively easy and inexpensive to implement, were found; (1) Involve thesupplier more and at an earlier stage in the development project, (2) involve the Logisticsdepartment more and (3) implement control level definition on the development projectsas well, not just the parts. The conclusion for this thesis was that if Autoliv Sweden AB decides to implement allproposed improvements both money and time will be saved.