Renata Rakštelytė Marinuotų paukštienos pusgaminių užkrėstumas kampilobakterijomis ir jų rūšinė įvairovė Baigiamasis magistro darbas Darbo vadovas: prof. dr. Mindaugas Malakauskas Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universitetas Veterinarijos akademija Veterinarijos fakultetas Maisto saugos ir kokybės katedra Darbo apimtis 36 puslapiai, 4 lentelės, 9 paveikslai. Darbo tikslas buvo įvertinti Lietuvoje parduodamų marinuotų paukštienos pusgaminių užkrėstumą dažniausiai žmonių susirgimus sukeliančiomis kampilobakterijų rūšimis. Tyrimų metu buvo ištirti 67 marinuotos paukštienos pusgaminiai. Trijų skirtingų paukštienos gamybos įmonių pusgaminiai tyrimui buvo perkami mažmeninės prekybos įmonėse be išankstinio įspėjimo. Kampilobakterijos buvo išskiriamos tiesiogiai sėjant ant mCCDA agaro ir atlikus pagausinimą Bolton sultinyje. Kampilobakterijos buvo identifikuojamos iki rūšies naudojant šiek tiek pakeistą Wang ir kt. (2002) aprašytą PGR metodą ir pradmenis. Tyrimai parodė, kad 22 mėginiai (32,8%)iš 67 tirtų marinuotų paukštienos pusgaminių, buvo užkrėsti kampilobakterijomis. Dažniausiai marinuoti paukštienos pusgaminiai buvo užkrėsti C. jejuni rūšies bakterijomis (16 mėginių), tuo tarpu C.coli bakterijos buvo aptiktos tik 2 mėginiuose, o vienas mėginys buvo užkrėstas nenustatytos rūšies kampilobakterijomis. Dar dviejuose mėginiuose rastos tiek C.jejuni, tiek ir Campylobacter spp. bakterijos ir viename - C.coli ir nenustatytos rūšies kampilobakterijos. Tyrimų laikotarpiu iš viso buvo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Renata Rakštelytė CONTAMINATION OF MARINATED POULTRY MEAT WITH CAMPYLOBACTER SPP. AND THEIR SPECIES DIVERSITY Master thesis Thesis supervisor: prof. dr. Mindaugas Malakauskas Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Lithuanian Veterinary Academy Faculty of Veterinary medicine Departament of Food Safety and Quality Kaunas, 2014 m. The coverage of the work: 36 pages, 4 tables, 9 pictures. The aim of the study was to evaluate contamination of marinated poultry products with Campylobacter spp. sold at the retail level sale in Lithuania. It total 67 ready-to-cook marinated poultry products were examined. Detection of Campylobacter was carried out using direct plating on mCCDA agar and after enrichment in Bolton broth with further planting on mCCDA. Campylobacter species were identified by PCR method described by Wang et al. (2002 ) with minor changes. Only specific primers for identification of Campylobacter spp., C. jejuni and C. coli were used. The study showed that out of the 67 tested marinated poultry products 22 (32.8 %) were contaminated with Campylobacter spp. Most often marinated poultry preparations were contaminated with C. jejuni (16 samples), while C.coli species were isolated only from 2 samples. Other Campylobacter species then C. jejuni or C. coliwas found in one sample, C.jejuni and Campylobacter spp.bacteria were found in two samples and C.coli and unidentified Campylobacter species in one sample, respectively. Eleven C.jejuni strains isolated from marinated... [to full text]

Purpose <br>The purpose of this study was to provide an understanding of the self-perceived physiological and psychosocial needs of persons living in communities which have been exposed to environmental contamination, and to provide an understanding of how forensic nurses can be utilized in these communities. <br>Background <br>This study was conducted to provide an opportunity for forensic nurses to advance their profession by finding ways that they can move beyond their traditional roles. Dixon and Dixon's Integrative Environmental Health Model was the theoretical framework. <br>Research Design <br>This cross-sectional triangulated study used quantitative and qualitative methods. The Community Environmental Health and Rights Assessment Tool (CEHRAT) was used to elicit quantifiable responses. One-on-one qualitative interviews were then conducted. <br>Participants and Data Collection and Analysis <br>Questionnaires were completed by 198 participants (109 from Ellenville, New York, and 89 from South Plainfield, New Jersey). For the qualitative phase, six residents were interviewed. <br>All persons who completed the questionnaire received a $5 gift card and an environmental resource pamphlet. The quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS. The qualitative data was managed with Weft QDA. <br>Results <br>The majority of participants in each community were `Somewhat satisfied' with the environmental information they receive (32.4% for Ellenville and 53.5% for South Plainfield). Two-thirds of the respondents in both communities said they know little or nothing about environmental contamination in their community. Over ninety-six percent of respondents indicated that they would trust nurses to provide environmental information if the nurses were experienced in such matters. Over ninety-eight percent of respondents stated they would trust forensic nurses. Eighty-five percent of respondents wanted educational information so they could protect themselves from contamination. The qualitative data revealed themes that buttressed the quantitative results: a lack of knowledge; the negative impact of politics, economics, and personal finances on remediating contamination; the need for outside help; and the belief that nurses can help affected communities by providing education, treatment, and investigation. <br>Conclusions <br>Forensic nurses can benefit communities that have been environmentally contaminated. In addition to advancing their profession, forensic nurses can be catalysts for change. / School of Nursing / Nursing / PhD / Dissertation

Drinking water distribution systems (WDSs) hold a particularly critical and strategic position in preserving public health and industrial growth. Despite the ubiquity of this infrastructure, its importance for public health, and increased risk of terrorism, several aspects of emergency management for WDSs remain at an undeveloped stage. A set of methods is developed to analyze the risk and consequences of WDS contamination events and develop emergency response support tools. Monte Carlo and optimization schemes are developed to evaluate contamination risk of WDSs for generation of critical contamination scenarios. A multicriteria optimization approach is proposed that treats likelihood and consequences as independent risk measures to find an ensemble of uniformly-distributed critical scenarios. This approach provides insight into system risk and potential mitigation options not available under maximum risk or maximum consequences analyses. Static multiobjective simulation-optimization schemes are developed for generation of optimal response mechanisms for contamination incidents with twoconflicting objectives of minimization of health consequences and impacts on non-consumptive water uses. Performance of contaminant flushing and containment are investigated. Pressure-driven hydraulic analysis is performed to simulate the complicated system hydraulics under pressure-deficit conditions. Performance of a novel preventive response action ? injection of food-grade dye directly into drinking water ? for mitigation of health impacts as a contamination threat unfolds is explored. The emergency response is formulated as a multiobjective optimization problem for the minimization of risks to life with minimum false warning and cost. A multiobjective optimization scheme is used for the management of contamination events for diverse contaminant agents without interruption of firefighting. A dynamic modeling scheme is developed that accounts for the time-varying behavior of the system during an emergency. Effects of actions taken by the managers and consumers as well as the changing perceived contaminant source attributes are included in the simulation model to provide a realistic picture of the dynamic environment. A dynamic optimization scheme is coupled with the simulation model to identify and update the optimal response recommendations during the emergency. Machine learning approaches are employed for real-time characterization of contaminant sources and identification of effective response strategies for a timely and effective response to contamination incidents and threats. In contrast to traditional approaches that perform whole analysis after a contamination event occurs, proposed machine learning methods gain system knowledge in advance and use this extracted information to identify contamination attributes after an incident occurs.

Current US government risk assessment and management regulations and policies are based on a position that views risk as an objective measure of a predictable physiological morbidity or mortality outcome that is not otherwise connected to social or cultural beliefs and values. Whereas human health risk assessments are meant to determine the probability of adverse impacts from particular hazards, the conventional risk assessment framework fails to consider Native American definitions of health and so risk. This study was conducted with the Coast Salish Swinomish Indian Tribal Community of Washington State, where contamination of their aquatic natural resources has been found. By conducting two series of interviews with traditional high-use seafood consumers, experts and elders from the Swinomish Indian Tribal Community, and by averting use of what I describe herein as ‘conventional’ fish consumption survey, the study allowed interviewees to provide a more complex narrative set of details and information that bestowed a much more accurate picture of the reasoning behind seafood consumption habits within the community. Among the more salient points that emerged from the interviews was that seafood represents a symbolic, deeply meaningful food source that is linked to a multi-dimensional ‘Swinomish’ concept of health. Yet drastic changes in access, harvest and consumption have occurred over time, and continue to this day. A health evaluation tool was also devised using simple descriptive scaled rankings to elucidate non-physiological health risks and impacts in relation to contaminated seafood. Findings demonstrate that community cohesion, food security, ceremonial use and knowledge transmission all play primary roles as concerns the Swinomish notions of health, and that these indicators are regarded as equally important when juxtaposed to physical indicators of health. Thus, to eat less seafood—as prescribed by current policy and decision-making procedures when contamination is present—is actually detrimental to the multi-dimensional concept of health as defined by the Swinomish. The evaluation tool may be used in conjunction with the conventional risk assessment framework to more accurately and comprehensively deduce risks and impacts.

Thesis (M.P.H.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2006. / "May 2006." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-87). Online version available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (M. Sc.)--Victoria University (Melbourne, Vic.), 2006. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--Auburn University, 2005. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.P.P.A.)--University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 56-59).

Thesis (M.Sc. (Microbiology))--Mahidol University, 1978.

Dissertation (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.