Thesis--University of Houston. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2005. / Advisor: Dr. Gary Kleck, Florida State University, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Sept. 27, 2005). Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 138 pages. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--American University, 1978. / Photocopy of typescript. Ann Arbor, Mich. : University Microfilms International, 1981. 21 cm. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 801-812).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Drexel University, 2006. / Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-80).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. / Description based on contents viewed June 26, 2007; title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references (p. 38-41).

This paper explores the environmental policies and practices of the U. S. Department of Defense (DoD) from the late 1950s until the mid 1990s in relation to the views and attitudes of the American people. While by no means a comprehensive examination of the military and each of the branches, this paper covers the general attitudes and rationales of the DoD as a whole. The time frame covered deviates from more obvious choices, such as "since World War II" or a specific decade, intentionally. Cutting off 15 or so years from each end could situate this work as the middle of a three -volume set for a number of reasons. For the starting time, nearly a generation passed since World War II. This allowed adequate time for the younger populace to play a role in the decisionmaking process. This also allowed for a beginning just prior to Sikes Act and America's renewed interest in the environment. At the other end, the terminus follows the end of the Cold War and two rounds of military downsizing. This set up a time of not only preventing environmental harm in the future, but also digging in and cleaning past harm for the future. As such, this leaves ample room for future work to concentrate on the time periods omitted here. The chapters cover the topic by decade with extra emphasis given to weather modification, which spanned multiple decades in such a manner thatcould not be effectively covered broken apart. For the latter decades, the focus follows more closely to Presidential Administrations. This method could not be fully utilized during the preceding discussion, in part due to the unique and revolutionary nature of the overall upheaval of the 1960s. The information included in the appendices provides a more detailed look into the ideas of the American people, which could not be included in the body of the text without detracting from the flow and readability. The appendices include a chapter on the public's responses to the General Social Surveys administered from 1972 to 1991. The questions examined have been grouped biennially in sequential even and odd years.

abstract: Juror impartiality is necessary for a fair and just legal system, but is true juror impartiality realistic? The current study investigated the role of implicit and explicit social-cognitive biases in jurors’ conceptualizations of insanity, and the influence of those biases in juror verdict decisions. It was hypothesized that by analyzing the role of implicit and explicit biases in insanity defense cases, jurors’ attitudes towards those with mental illnesses and attitudes towards the insanity defense would influence jurors’ final verdict decisions. Two hundred and two participants completed an online survey which included a trial vignette incorporating an insanity defense (adapted from Maeder et al., 2016), the Insanity Defense Attitude Scale (Skeem, Louden, & Evans, 2004), Community Attitudes Towards the Mentally Ill Scale (Taylor & Dear, 1981), and an Implicit Association Test (Greenwald et al., 1998). While implicit associations concerning mental illness and dangerousness were significantly related to mock jurors’ verdicts, they no longer were when explicit insanity defense attitudes were added to a more complex model including all measured attitudes and biases. Insanity defense attitudes were significantly related to jurors’ verdicts over and above attitudes about the mentally ill and implicit biases concerning the mentally ill. The potentially biasing impact of jurors’ insanity defense attitudes and the impact of implicit associations about the mentally ill in legal judgments are discussed. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Psychology 2018

Background: Elevated levels of iron impair immune defence mechanisms specifically cell mediated immunity and macrophage function, favors infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), its replication, progression to clinical disease and death form tuberculosis (TB). Chelation of iron in individuals with an excessive iron burden may restore host defence mechanisms, decrease M.tb viability and replication and could find application in the prevention and treatment strategies in a setting where both iron overload and TB are prevalent. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of iron chelation on mycobacterial replication, host viability and defence mechanisms in iron-loaded monocyte-macrophages during M.tb infection. Materials and Methods: Mycobacterial replication was monitored using the microplate AlamarBlueTM assay (MABA) for M.tb strains H37Ra and H37Rv, or detection of green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression by BCG (GFP-BCG). Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure and plasma membrane integrity of premonocytic U937 cells differentiated by vitamin D3 served as indicators of host cell viability after treatment with 500M FeSO4.7H2O alone or in combination with 500 M desferrioxamine (DFO) or silybin, and infection with M.tb at 1:1 infection ratio. Superoxide anion radical (O2-•) and total nitrate/nitrite generation was monitored as host defence mechanisms by absorption spectroscopy and fluorimetry respectively. Results: Iron supplementation enhanced intra- and extracellular growth of M.tb and BCG. Chelation of iron with DFO prevented the enhanced replication of mycobacteria promoted by iron. Iron overload increased host cell death of H37Ra-infected monocyte-macrophages through increased PS exposure and decreased MMP and plasma membrane integrity, while increasing O2-• production and decreasing NO production. DFO restored the iron-related increase in PS exposure, plasma membrane integrity, O2-• and NO production to levels similar in H37Ra-infected, iron-normal cells, while MMP remained suppressed. In contrast, infection of iron-loaded cells with H37Rv reduced the already suppressed monocyte-macrophage MMP while not affecting cell death or NO production. DFO restored the iron-related suppression of O2-• in H37Rv-infected cells, and induced the production of NO while not affecting host cell death. Conclusion: These results confirm the replication enhancing effect of iron-loading on M.tb. Its suppressive influence on macrophage viability and defence mechanisms by increasing cell death and decreasing NO production during infection, is also highlighted. The beneficial effect of iron chelation by DFO through the inhibition of mycobacterial replication and restoration of host viability and defence mechanisms are suggested. / Prof. Liza Bornman

Worms have caused significant destruction over the last few years. Network security elements such as firewalls, IDS, etc have been ineffective against worms. Some worms are so fast that a manual intervention is not possible. This brings in the need for a stronger security architecture which can automatically react to stop worm propagation. The method has to be signature independent so that it can stop new worms. In this thesis, an automated defense system (ADS) is developed to automate defense against worms and contain the worm to a level where manual intervention is possible. This is accomplished with a two level architecture with feedback at each level. The inner loop is based on control system theory and uses the properties of PID (proportional, integral and differential controller). The outer loop works at the network level and stops the worm to reach its spread saturation point. In our lab setup, we verified that with only inner loop active the worm was delayed, and with both loops active we were able to restrict the propagation to 10% of the targeted hosts. One concern for deployment of a worm containment mechanism was degradation of throughput for legitimate traffic. We found that with proper intelligent algorithm we can minimize the degradation to an acceptable level.

The nuclear age provided U.S. soldiers and statesmen with unprecedented challenges. the U.S. military had to incorporate a weapon into strategic calculations without knowing whether the use of the weapon would be approved. Broad considerations of policy led President Dwight Eisenhower to formulate a policy that relied on nuclear weapons while fully realizing their destructive potential. Despite the belief that possession of nuclear weapons provided strategic superiority, the U.S. realized that such weapons were of little value. This realization did not stop planners from attempting to find ways to use nuclear weapons in Korea and Indochina.