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A research report submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering / The purpose of this research is to provide a comprehensive understanding of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and its impact on the mining sector of a developing economy. The ideology and principles discussed aim to assist economists, investors and governments in understanding the need for FDI and how to set up a viable and conducive framework. The research links development economics to FDI as a means to creating and sustaining economic growth.The results of the analysis indicated that there is a direct relationship between development economics and FDI. Political, social and economic risks pose a direct threat to the levels of FDI that a country attracts. A study performed in this research revealed that the higher the perceived risk level, the lower the investment levels. Africa is a resource rich continent; however it ranks low on the investor attractiveness scale. This is due to authoritative political leaders that control corporate and fiscal regimes, ethnic unrest between local tribes and political warfare that is played out in the media. Despite these drawbacks certain African countries are taking steps to improve their attractiveness. Ethiopia is one of them and was selected as the main case study for this research. A benchmark acid test was performed on the policies implemented by government. The Growth Transformation Plan (GTP) I and II (plans set by the government to transform Ethiopia) were reviewed and analysed for feasibility due to the Ethiopian government setting ambitious growth targets. The results of the analysis reveal that investors were attracted to Ethiopia through policies that safeguarded investors’ interests, geological attractiveness, afforded tax and duty havens and allow for the repatriation of profits. The research also highlights the negative impact that social unrest and political violence had on mining FDI. The research concludes on its findings that government policies play a key role in attracting investment. Monetary and fiscal policies must be set to alleviate poverty and create economic growth through the attraction of foreign investment. / NG (2020)

This study has analysed the misalignment of the real exchange rates of the eleven original euro members at the introduction of the euro, and their consequences for inflation in the first five and ten years of the monetary union. Using four separate models of real equilibrium exchange rates, the largest overvaluations are found for Portugal and Germany, and the largest undervaluations are found for Ireland and Finland. In accordance with theory, adjustment towards equilibrium through inflation rate differentials seems to have occurred: the effect being clear with regard to two of the models, and ambiguous according to the two remaining. The study sheds light on the appropriateness of the conversion rates at the introduction of the euro in 1999, and the macroeconomic consequences of real exchange rate misalignment.

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No / Conventional models of economic behavior have failed to account for a number of observed empirical regularities in macroeconomics and international economics. This may be due to preference specifications in conventional models. In this paper, we consider preferences with the ¿spirit of capitalism¿ (the desire to accumulate wealth as a way of acquiring status). We analyze a number of potential effects of international catching-up and the spirit of capitalism on savings, growth, portfolio allocation and asset pricing. Moreover, we obtain a multi-factor Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). Our results show that status concerns have non-trivial effects on savings, growth, portfolio allocation, asset prices and the foreign exchange risk premium.

Yes / This paper introduces a novel framework of partial connectedness measures to investigate contagion dynamics between different types of oil price shocks and exchange rates. Oil price shocks are persistent net transmitters of shocks within the network. It is found that the oil shock net spillovers made up most of the net connectedness values in most countries during the pre-COVID-19 period. Both oil exporters and oil importers, without any exception, were all net receivers of shocks. However, during the COVID-19 era, there were significant differences within the groups of countries. It is also observed that the oil-risk shock transmits to the other two types of oil shocks in the pre-COVID-19 and during the COVID-19 periods. The results may have potential implications for traders. / David Gabauer would like to acknowledge that this research has been partly funded by BMK, BMDW, Austria and the Province of Upper Austria in the frame of the COMET Programme managed by FFG, Austria. / The full-text of this article will be released for public view at the end of the publisher embargo on 23 Sep 2024.

This paper examines the long-run relationship between exchange rates and prices in ten countries in Southwest Asia, Africa, and the Pacific Rim for the post-Bretton Woods period. It uses cointegration tests to investigate the thesis that relative purchasing power parity exists as a long-run equilibrium condition between country-pairs. It expands upon tests for relative purchasing power parity suggested by previous authors by pretesting price index time series for structural breaks, in addition to pretesting the price indices and exchange rates for compatible stochastic properties. It compares the results of conventional cointegration tests for parity with a weaker form of the relationship suggested by Pippenger (1993) and Patel (1990), and finally, examines purchasing power parity by testing real bilateral exchange rates for stationarity. / Master of Arts

by Chan Yeung-Ki. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1991. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 54-55). / ABSTRACT --- p.1 / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.2 / Chapter I. --- BACKGROUND --- p.3 / Chapter II. --- THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK --- p.7 / Purchasing Power Parity --- p.7 / Real Exchange Rate --- p.9 / Monetary Approach --- p.12 / Explaining the model --- p.16 / Chapter III. --- APPLICATION --- p.23 / Scenario 1 --- p.39 / Scenario 2 --- p.41 / Chapter IV. --- CONCLUSION --- p.44 / EXHIBIT --- p.47 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.54

Thesis (doctoral) - Freie Universität, Berlin, 2004. / "with 12 figures and tables". Includes bibliographical references ( p. [143]-155).

Professors Bela Balassa and Paul Samuelson (1964) have made a significant contribution to the theories of exchange rate by bringing a new thinking to the most popular exchange rate model, Purchasing Power Parity (PPP). They have elucidated the contribution of productivity in the determination of PPP. Accordingly, the emphasis of this thesis is Balassa and Samuelson’s Productivity Bias Hypothesis (PBH) in Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) and the application thereof to South Africa and Switzerland for the period 1994Q1 -2003Q4. The productivity bias hypothesis that explains real exchange rate movements in terms of sectoral productivities rests on two components: firstly, it implies that the relative price of non-traded goods in each country should reflect the relative productivity of labour in the traded and non-traded goods sectors. Secondly, it assumes that purchasing power parity holds for traded goods. The deviation of PPP from the equilibrium exchange rate or the real exchange rate is directly related to the ratio of productivity in a counter country over that of the base country. With inter-country productivity differences believed to be smaller in the service sector than in the sectors producing goods and with the prices of traded goods equalised through arbitrage, the relative prices of non-traded goods (services) would be directly correlated with productivity levels in individual countries. The thesis employs stationarity and cointegration tests in order to determine the presence of long-term, equilibrium, relationship between PPP and productivity variables of the above-mentioned two countries. The overall finding of this thesis is supportive of the productivity bias hypothesis in purchasing power parity concerning the two countries, South Africa and Switzerland. Accordingly, it has been found out that the deviation from equilibrium exchange rate can be explained by differences in productivity. Though currently being challenged by the service sector, South Africa’s manufacturing sector is assuming an important place in the economy. Given the need for improved competitiveness in the manufacturing sector, it is imperative that policy analysis and formulation render increased emphasis on efficiency and costeffectiveness. Such an integrated approach may aid not only in raising productivity but also in managing the intertwined socio-economic challenges of unemployment, poverty and inequality. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2005.