<p> The purpose of this study is to outline the experience of three elite, collegiate male endurance runners presenting with characteristics of a potential male version of the Female Athlete Triad and undergoing clinical treatment and intervention for bone stress injuries (BSIs) and/or hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Using data extracted from a larger, prospective study on nutrition interventions to prevent bone stress injuries, three athletes (two presenting with BSIs and the third presenting with significant hypogonadotropic hypogonadism) were followed throughout their collegiate athletic career. Each athlete exhibited nutritional deficits and consulted with a sports dietitian to optimize their energy status and facilitate recovery from their Triad-related injuries. This case series provides clinical evidence that male endurance runners may be susceptible to a Triad parallel to the Female Athlete Triad, with significant clinical sequelae being the development of bone stress injuries or hypogonadism that may stem from low energy availability.</p><p>

<p> Denhof et al. (2014) defined corrections fatigue as &ldquo;a collection of negative an inter-related consequences upon the health and functioning of corrections professionals and the workplace culture as a whole due to exposure to traumatic, operational, and organizational stressors and their interacting consequences&rdquo; (p. 5) resulting in socially dysfunctional ideology and negative changes in personality, health and functioning, resulting in an average age of mortality established at 59 years (Brower, 2013a, 2013b; Cheek, 1984). Group differences were examined utilizing multivariate statistical tests with archival data. Findings indicate that variables within the correctional environment (age, tenure, gender of staff, security level of the institution and perceptions of assaults and safety) influence the experience of corrections fatigue symptoms. Counselor, administration, and staff implications are discussed. </p><p>

<p> This study uses life-history interviews with militarized men to describe a version of masculinity constructed in the local context of a non-profit motorcycle club. The study describes the details of one group&rsquo;s specific gender nature, the result of which expands and challenges our understanding of the masculinity master narrative. The findings establish that both hegemonic and nonhegemonic attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors co-exist in the local dominant masculine norm, thereby disrupting traditional distinctions of masculinity as being either hegemonic or nonhegemonic. Key future research implications support the study of context as essential to the study of gender construction, challenge descriptions of masculinity as being either hegemonic or nonhegemonic, and posit the relevance of veteran peer groups in supporting post-military resocialization.</p><p>

<p> Risky sexual behavior (RSB; i.e., behavior that increases the risk of contracting an STI and/or unplanned pregnancy) is common on college campuses and poses serious health risks to students. Yet, little research has examined the factors impacting students&rsquo; engagement in RSB. The current study examined the role of gender and social media in college students&rsquo; peer norms of and intentions to engage in RSB. An experimental design was used in which participants were exposed to one of four conditions (i.e., neutral or RSB content, within and without a social media platform) and then asked to report on peer norms of RSB and their own intentions to engage in RSB. Results demonstrated that, contrary to hypotheses, there was no significant interaction between experimental condition and gender in predicting descriptive norms of risky sexual behavior and intentions to engage in risky sexual behavior. Result did, however, demonstrate a main effect of gender for peer norms of RSB; female participants reported significantly higher peer norms of RSB than male participants. No other statistically significant main effects were found. </p><p> Results emphasize the ubiquity of RSB among college students and the large discrepancy between students&rsquo; peer norms of RSB and actual behavior. The significant difference between female and male students&rsquo; perceptions of peers&rsquo; engagement in RSB is an important finding in the context of inconsistent previous research on gender differences in peer norms of RSB. Possible explanations for the non-significant findings in the current study are discussed as well as implications for prevention and intervention efforts aimed at reducing college students&rsquo; engagement in RSB.</p><p>

<p> Mouth whistling is one of the oldest forms of commination known to humans. Though often overlooked and underappreciated, whistling has been a powerful, universal tactic of message sending for millennia. Research reveals historical contexts of whistling as an uncouth, unlucky and unladylike act reserved for the working class. This has resulted in the disparagement of all forms of whistling. Despite its status as a marginalized act, people around the world partake of whistling for many purposes, including music. Competitive whistling events which showcase virtuosic musical talent have existed for over forty years, yet the art form does not receive the respect other musical instruments have been awarded. This thesis explores the rhetorical influences that have consigned whistling to low-culture, muting its voice and restricting its existence as a legitimate musical art form. It examines how essentialist perspectives, empowered by hegemonic ideologies of gender and class, have constrained the potential of musical whistling to grow as a culturally credible musical contribution. Patriarchal hierarchies and gendered, linguistic cues promote subtle sexist practices which marginalize people and practices based on arbitrary cultural constructs. Historically, women have been expressly forbidden from whistling. Direct and subtle sexist messages, perpetuated through language and folklore have sustained the status quo across generations, silencing women&rsquo;s voices and whistles. Exposing unconscious acts which support and sustain the status quo reveal subtle, marginalizing forces which promulgate ideologies across generations. Nescience is investigated as a powerful element sustaining archaic ideological perspectives. Through autoethnography, the author, a world-champion whistler, describes strategic rhetorical processes employed with the intention of reframing and transforming musical whistling from noise to art.</p><p>

<p>The heroine in feminist speculative fiction signifies and functions as the creator and destroyer of her community, particularly based on dystopian societies, the heroine uses the duality of creator and destroyer without the complexities of present society; however, the issues in these novels serve to highlight and emphasize problems with current gender identity and equality. Furthermore, the idea this heroine exists to destabilize narratives of patriarchy give voice to the powerless while continuing a narrative of the powerlessness, and counter narratives of gender normality. Each heroine confronts a patriarchal leader who symbolizes the faults in the existing societal regime, which allows her to undermine the hierarchy set up by men. With narrative centered on experiences of the heroine, the authors of these texts show how one voice can help exemplify the many. As heroines who incorporate characteristics of gender, they demonstrate that to lead, a person must be willing to identify not just as one sex, but as a person who understands where certain characteristics are not inherently male or female. Her role as creator/destroyer is to achieve communal, structural, and personal unity, completeness, or wholeness. The heroine looks to institute communities that depend on one another, that understand each person has strength to share, and that build trust on these shared strengths. The heroine seeks harmony with the people around her, but she also discovers harmony within herself. She must learn to accept the notion that as the creator of something new, she is also the destroyer. It is her acceptance of this wholeness that will help her lead a new kind of humanity.

Abstract not available.

Abstract not available.

<p> The purpose of this study was to understand and analyze the degree to which southern California women superintendents utilized networks and mentorships and the impact it had in their career advancement. More specifically, this study set out to determine: 1) what barriers do women perceive hinder their access to the superintendent position, 2) what professional supports are available to women as new superintendents, 3) what networking opportunities assist women in their pursuit of the superintendency, and 4) what are the best networking methods used by women to ascend to the role of superintendent. This study utilized a mixed-method methodology. For the qualitative data, electronic surveys were distributed to 45 superintendents for a return rate of 42%. Three interviews were conducted for the quantitative perspective. Participants represented a diverse background and diverse school districts. The lens of feminist standpoint theory and social capital theory informed the analysis. Through the process of triangulation, the study&rsquo;s findings indicate the participants utilized networks and mentorships to different degrees and with mixed results. An in-depth analysis of the impact networks and mentorships have on women&rsquo;s career trajectory provided recommendations for networks and mentors to challenge gendered professional norms, increased access to influential people in women&rsquo;s networks, and defined career pathways to the superintendency in terms of demonstrated leadership experiences over male-dominated leadership positions held. Overall, this study finds hope for women aspiring to become superintendents. Women should participate in multiple networks and develop relationships with several mentors who are willing to share the access to the superintendency.</p>

Prejudice against men may result in emotional distress, interpersonal conflict, and impairments in a man’s view-of-self. It can be a contributing factor for explaining increased substance use and suicide by men, as well as rates of violence against men. Awareness of the prejudices men may face allows clinicians to form better alliances with their clients by helping them understand the feelings and perspectives of men who experience various forms of prejudice. This dissertation begins with an overview of the general causes of prejudice and a summary of the mechanisms that maintain a prejudice’s social acceptability. It then provides a taxonomy of different forms of the prejudices men face, as well as the mechanisms that maintain the social acceptability of prejudice against men. Finally, it describes examples of prejudice against men, applying the taxonomy put forth in this dissertation.