No description available.

Hemos leído con interés el artículo titulado: “Estrategia de uno en uno para mejorar la técnica correcta de higiene de manos” de Orozco Hernández y colaboradores, publicado en el volumen 38, número 5.1 Aunque consideramos que el estudio puede ser importante en la búsqueda de estrategias para mejorar la técnica de lavado de manos en personal de salud, nos gustaría expresarle algunas dudas que surgen y que requieren clarificación.

Introduction: Food safety is widely recognised as one of the problems in the fight for improving public health. Many governments are trying to improve public health through reducing foodborne illnesses and setting the climate for implementing HACCP-based food safety management systems (FSMS). Following the global trend, Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority (ADFCA) launched the HACCP for Catering Project (2010 – 2014), which aimed at helping foodservice businesses, licensed in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, in implementing HACCP-based FSMS. Purpose: The project team recognised the limited resources and the diversity in education levels, ethnic backgrounds, and number of languages spoken among managers/supervisors and food handlers, as points of concern in the small independent restaurant (SIR) subsector. Thus, the Salamt Zadna (SZ) initiative, a simplified FSMS, was developed to train SIRs on implementing a set of safe operating procedures to improve compliance with food safety laws and regulations. Previous studies in the GCC region have mainly focused on governments’ attempts to enhance public health by developing laws, regulations, and policies, and recounting the barriers to implementing food safety controls. Methodology: This thesis took a different approach to food safety issues in the GCC region. It is comprised of two studies, which were conducted in two groups of SIRs – seven SZ participants and five non-participants – licensed in Al Ain, a major city in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. The first explored awareness and understanding of food safety, related laws, regulations, and policies, and attitudes towards ADFCA services and inspectors, among managers/supervisors, by interviewing them. The second examined the efficacy of SZ in improving food handlers’ food-safety behaviours by observing their conduct, and comparing between the two SIR groups. Results: The study indicated low levels of awareness and understanding of food safety, related laws, regulations, and policies, in both groups of managers/supervisors; regardless of whether or not they were SZ Cparticipants. Both groups of interviewees expressed both negative and positive attitudes towards ADFCA’s services and inspectors; sometimes by the same interviewees, within the same, or between the two groups. However, SZ participating SIRs were slightly more positive than their counterparts. Key results highlighted the low impact of SZ on changing food handlers’ behaviours, except in two areas; namely, the food handlers working in SZ-participating SIRs scored higher than the other group in handwashing and changing gloves between handling raw meats and other foods. Implications: This research adds a new dimension to the food safety profile of the UAE, since it is the first of its kind in the UAE and the region as a whole. Its originality opens the door for other researchers to increase the volume of research in this field, which would help in understanding and tackling the barriers to improving the food safety status in the country, as well as the region.

M.Tech. (Environmental Health) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

M. Tech. / The Census of 2001 (Statistics South Africa, 2001b) estimates that 80% of the South African population categorises themselves as Christian. Homoeopathy is part of the multibillion rand alternative and complementary health industry (Health Products Association of Southern Africa, 2008). However, there are concerns within the Christian community about whether or not Homoeopathy is an acceptable healing modality for Christians. This is in part due to negative perceptions of Homoeopathy often encouraged by Christian authors such as Brown (n.d.) Dick (n.d.) and Barrett (2004). The study sought to investigate the perceptions of South African Christians about Homoeopathy. Specifically it looked at the Presbyterian and Methodist Christians in Gauteng, which accounts for 9.8% of Christians in Gauteng (Statistics South Africa, 2001b). The particular areas of investigation were the perceived spirituality underlying Homoeopathy, Homoeopathy’s origins, the training of Homoeopaths and lastly the principles of Homoeopathy. A questionnaire survey was conducted in the Presbyterian and Methodist Churches in Gauteng. The information sheets and questionnaire were distributed at a variety of church meetings. The questionnaire was divided into three sections, Section A was background questions, Section B was questions related to personal perceptions and attitudes, and lastly, Section C was an optional free open-ended question. It was proposed that one hundred and eighty questionnaires be completed; one hundred and seventy seven were used for the analysis. The sample consisted of Ordained Ministers, Trainee Ministers and Congregants. The questionnaires were analysed by STATKON using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Windows (SPSS). The statistics were descriptive and comparisons between groups were made using multi-variant techniques. Section A was analysed by frequencies, Section B was divided into four factors each dealing with a specific aspect of Homoeopathy, namely; the perceived spirituality underlying Homoeopathy, the origins of Homoeopathy, the training of Homoeopaths and lastly the principles of Homoeopathy. Section C was an open-ended / optional question divided into negative comments, Neutral / I Do Not Know and positive comments made by the participants. The Presbyterian sample was compared to the Methodist sample. There was no personal identifying data on the questionnaires, this allowed for complete anonymity of all participants. The participants gave consent to participate in the study by filling in the questionnaire. The results showed that for Factors one, two and three in the Presbyterian and Methodist samples, the perception about the spirituality underlying Homoeopathy, the origins of Homoeopathy and the training of Homoeopaths were all positive. Factor four, the principles of Homoeopathy, showed a negative perception in all sample groups except, the Presbyterian Trainee Minister group that showed a perception of Neutral / I Do Not Know. There were no statistically significant differences between the Presbyterian and Methodist Churches. However, there were statistically significant differences within the sample groups in the Methodist Church, even though their perceptions were all positive perceptions, the Trainee Minister group showed a greater inclination to a perception of Neutral / I Do Not Know. It would be helpful to continue this research into the wider Christian community and to extend it across all the provinces in South Africa. It was evident from the study that there is a great need for educating the Christian community about Homoeopathy and engaging in a comprehensive marketing programme.

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Master of Public Health - MPH / South Africa is estimated to have one of the highest epidemics of HIV infection. Recent youth studies have found that youth aged 15-24 years are increasingly becoming vulnerable to HIV. Condom use is promoted as one of the key HIV prevention methods in South Africa. Face-to-face structured questionnaire interviews were conducted with a volunteer sample of rural active women and men aged 15-26 years living in 70 villages in the Eastern Cape Province. Most of the participants were recruited in schools. / South Africa

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston University

No description available.

For years crystalline silica has been recognized as an occupational hazard of the dusty trades with exposures resulting in silicosis. As recently as 1997, IARC categorized the respirable portion of crystalline silica as a Grade 1 human carcinogen indicating that silica may be implicated in the development of lung cancer. Evidence in the literature indicates that silica may be not only an occupational hazard, but an environmental hazard as well, with patients with no known exposure showing measurable quantities of silica within cancerous tissue samples. This study aims to establish a methodology using computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy to examine silica content in lung cancer tissue. Furthermore, demonstrating that silica is not evenly distributed within the tissue will establish the need to use automated full scanning techniques, such as CCSEM, in order to guarantee that the analysis is not subject to random sampling error or researcher driven error, which may be rendering the traditional random sampling of zones for analysis under-representative of silica concentration in the tissue.