Traditional online measurements of the chemical composition and other physicochemical properties (such as volatility and oxygenation) of particulate matter have relied on expensive and complex research-grade instrumentation based on mass spectrometry and/or chromatography. However, routine monitoring requires lower-cost alternatives that can be operated autonomously, and such tools are lacking. Routine monitoring of particulate matter, especially organic aerosol, relies instead on offline techniques such as filter collection that require significant operator effort. To address this gap, first, we built a new online semi-continuous aerosol chemical composition monitor, the "ChemSpot", that provides information on volatility-resolved organic carbon and degree of oxygenation along with sulfur content at relatively moderate costs. Autonomous operation of the ChemSpot instrument was demonstrated for four weeks alongside a mass spectrometer (an Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor, or ACSM), and the results of the comparison were encouraging. Mean absolute percentage errors (MAPE) were estimated to be 21% and 27% for aerosol organic carbon and equivalent sulfate (equivalent amount of sulfate for ChemSpot measured sulfur content). Chemspot-measured oxygen-to-carbon ratio (O:C) compared well with ACSM-measured O:C for moderate aerosol loadings. Second, we extended the capability of the ChemSpot instrument to provide volatility distributions of organic aerosols. A thermogram-based method was developed for the ChemSpot for volatility calibration and the calculation of volatility distributions. This work also highlighted the need for better observational constraints on vapor pressure values from structure-activity relationship based models. Finally, the ChemSpot was deployed at a biomass-burning experiment (Georgia Wildfire Simulation Experiment, G-WISE) to show the utility of this instrument in studying changes in volatility distributions of Biomass Burning Organic Aerosols (BBOA) produced from different biomass fuel types (samples from Blue Ridge and Coastal Plains eco-regions of the state of Georgia), different burn conditions (prescribed burning vs. wild burning) and simulated atmospheric aging. Significant changes in the volatility distributions of organic carbon were observed for the two biomass fuel types studied. Prescribed burning led to the formation of some higher volatility organic compounds in the aerosols compared to the wild burning case. A similar but more pronounced observation of the formation of higher volatility organics was observed after the simulated atmospheric aging of the BBOA samples. The formation of these higher volatility organics could be because of the presence of higher moisture content during the prescribed burning conditions. The successful completion of these objectives provides confidence that the ChemSpot could be a viable tool for long-term data collection of aerosol composition and volatility and in turn advancing aerosol science and helping policymakers devise strategies to curb air pollution. / Doctor of Philosophy / Aerosols are fine particles suspended in the air, either emitted directly or formed through chemical reactions in the atmosphere. A significant fraction of the aerosols is made of thousands of organic compounds, making it difficult to study their composition and properties. Aerosols have been found to have significant impacts on human health, atmospheric visibility, radiative balance, cloud formation and, climate change. These effects vary depending upon the composition of aerosols and their ability to remain in the particle phase or get vaporized to the gas phase (also known as volatility). Traditional automated measurements of aerosol composition and volatility often rely on either the direct use of complex research-grade instrumentation or offline measurements collecting samples on a filter followed by analysis utilizing the same research-grade instruments. These approaches can be extremely expensive and/or labor-intensive, often making collection of long term data unfeasible. Some lower-cost alternatives exist but do not provide enough information on aerosol chemical composition. Essentially, there is a lack of an automated aerosol composition monitor which can run without significant operator effort and provide valuable data at moderate costs. To address this need, first, we designed a new instrument "ChemSpot" that runs autonomously for extended periods of time. We also validated its performance against a time-tested research-grade instrument. Comparisons with the research-grade instrument were found to be satisfactory. Second, we developed a method to estimate the amount of organic carbon based on its ability to evaporate at different temperatures (termed volatility distribution). This work also highlighted the need to have better observational constraints on the vapor pressure data from different models accounting for the structure of these organic compounds. Finally, we deployed the ChemSpot instrument at a simulated wildfire experiment (Georgia Wildfire Simulation Experiment or G-WISE) to study the effects of different fuel types (samples from Blue Ridge and Coastal Plains eco-regions of the state of Georgia), different burn conditions (prescribed burning vs. wild burning) and simulated atmospheric reaction. Different fuel types and atmospheric reactions were found to have more significant effects on the aerosol composition and volatility distribution of the organic carbon. The successful completion of these objectives provides confidence that the ChemSpot instrument could be a viable tool for long-term data collection of aerosol composition and volatility and in turn advancing aerosol science and helping policy-makers devise strategies to curb air pollution.

Computer architecture has looming challenges with finding program parallelism, process technology limits, and limited power budget. To navigate these challenges, a deeper understanding of parallel programs is required. I will discuss the task graph representation and how it enables programmers and compiler optimizations to understand and exploit dynamic aspects of the program. I will present Contech, which is a high performance framework for generating dynamic task graphs from arbitrary parallel programs. The Contech framework supports a variety of languages and parallelization libraries, and has been tested on both x86 and ARM. I will demonstrate how this framework encompasses a diversity of program analyses, particularly by modeling a dynamically reconfigurable, heterogeneous multi-core processor.

ITC/USA 2005 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-First Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 24-27, 2005 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / This paper describes a telemetry system developed for the EA-18G Flight Test program. The program requires transmission of a number of data streams, in IRIG-106 Chapter 4 PCM, Chapter 8 Mux-All 1553, Ethernet, and Fibre Channel formats. The initial requested data rate was in excess of 30 Mbits/sec. The telemetry system must operate at a range up to about 120 miles, at several test ranges, and with several different aircraft maneuvering configurations. To achieve these requirements, the Flight Test Instrumentation group at Boeing Integrated Defense Systems in Saint Louis, developed a telemetry system in conjunction with industry partners and test range customers. The system transmits two telemetry streams with a total aggregate rate on the order of 20 Mbits/sec. Each telemetry stream consists of up to four PCM streams, combined in a Teletronics Technology Corporation (TTC) Miniature Adaptable Real-Time Multiplexer Unit (MARM) data combiner. It uses Nova Engineering multi-mode transmitters capable of transmitting PCM-FM or Shaped Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (SOQPSK). The transmitter also provides Turbo-Product Code (TPC) Forward Error Correction (FEC) to enhance range and improve link performance. Data collection units purchased from outside vendors or developed by Saint Louis Flight Test Instrumentation, translate Ethernet and Fibre Channel information into traditional PCM streams. A Boeing Flight Test Instrumentation developed control system provides flexible selection of streams to be combined into each telemetry stream, and functional control of antenna selection and transmitter operation.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 28-31, 1996 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California / A system was developed using capabilities from the Range Applications Joint Program Office (RAJPO) GPS tracking system and the ACMI Interface System (ACINTS) to provide tracking data and visual cues to experimenters. The Mobile Advanced Range Data System (ARDS) Control System (MACS) outputs are used to provide research data in support of advanced project studies. Enhanced from a previous system, the MACS expands system capabilities to allow researchers to locate where Digital Terrain Elevation Data (DTED) is available for incorporation into a reference data base. The System Integration Group at Veda Incorporated has been supporting Wright Laboratories in the ground-based tracking and targeting arena since 1989 with the design, development, and integration of four generations of real-time, telemetry-based tracking aids. Commencing in Q3 1995, Veda began developing a mobile, transportable system based on the RAJPO GPS tracking system. The resulting system architecture takes advantage of the front end processor (FEP) used in the three previous generations of interface systems built for Wright Laboratories, thus maximizing hardware and software reuse. The FEP provides a computational interface between the GPS tracking system and the display (operator) system. The end product is a powerful, flexible, fully mobile testbed supporting RDT&E requirements for Wright Laboratories, as well as to other U.S. and foreign research organizations. The system is rapidly reconfigurable to accommodate ground-based tracking systems as well as GPS-based systems, and its capabilities can be extended to include support for mission planning tools, insertion of virtual participants such as DIS entities, and detailed post-mission analysis.

by Leung Sze-wing. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-84). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.II / ABSTRACT --- p.III / 摘要 --- p.V / CONTENTS --- p.VI / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Objectives --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Prevalence of Heart Diseases --- p.1 / Chapter 1.3 --- Importance of ECG Monitoring --- p.2 / Chapter 1.4 --- Wireless Electrode --- p.2 / Chapter 1.5 --- Analogue-to-Digital Converters --- p.3 / Chapter 1.6 --- Organization of Thesis --- p.4 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1 --- Telemetry --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- "Definitions of ""Telemetry “" --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Advantages of Telemetry --- p.6 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- History of Telemetry --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Special Considerations on Telemetry System --- p.10 / Chapter 2.2 --- Sigma-Delta Converter --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Conventional Digitizing Circuitry --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- "Single, Dual-Slope A/D Converters" --- p.13 / Single-Slope A/D Converter --- p.13 / Dual-Slope Converter --- p.75 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Successive Approximation (SAR) --- p.17 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Flash Converters --- p.18 / Chapter 2.2.5 --- Sigma-Delta Converter --- p.18 / Chapter 2.3 --- Conclusion --- p.20 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- WIRELESS ELECTRODE --- p.21 / Chapter 3.1 --- """Single Electrode"" Measurement" --- p.21 / Chapter 3.2 --- VSE (Virtual Single Electrode) --- p.21 / Concentric Electrode --- p.21 / Chapter 3.3 --- WE (Wireless Electrode) --- p.24 / Chapter 3.4 --- Discussion --- p.29 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- SIGMA-DELTA CONVERTER FOR ECG SIGNALS --- p.30 / Chapter 4.1 --- Motivations --- p.30 / Chapter 4.2 --- Baseband Application --- p.31 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Simulation Results --- p.31 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Experimental Results --- p.48 / Chapter 4.3 --- Wireless Application --- p.58 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- General Description --- p.58 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Simulation Results --- p.59 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Scenario 1 (Analogue Decoding) --- p.70 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Scenario II (Digital Decoding) --- p.73 / Chapter 4.4 --- Discussion and Conclusion --- p.76 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK --- p.77 / Chapter 5.1 --- General Conclus ion --- p.77 / Chapter 5.2 --- Future Work --- p.78 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.79 / LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS --- p.85

A cause du développement du smart farming, des études sont à mener sur la distribution de l’instrumentation pour mesurer l’état hydrique du sol en vue de contrôler l’irrigation. Dans le cadre du projet IRRIS, nous réalisons un capteur d’humidité du sol intelligent. Nous allons tout d’abord réaliser le corps d’épreuve de ce capteur. Nous choisissons une mesure capacitive pour obtenir un capteur réactif malgré un coût de réalisation faible. Le corps est cylindrique pour pouvoir être inséré facilement dans le sol. Les électrodes sont réalisées par dépôt électrochimique de cuivre sur ce cylindre plastique. Nous concevons ensuite l’électronique de mesure associée à ce corps. Pour cela, nous comparons deux solutions, l’une analogique et l’autre logicielle. Puis nous assemblons notre capteur suivant deux modes, le multi capteur ou le mono capteur. Nous réalisons à cette étape la création du réseau de capteurs à l’aide de communication sans fil située dans la bande ISM 868MHz et nous la caractérisons. Enfin, nous observons les résultats de trois campagnes de mesures dans des champs cultivés pour valider le fonctionnement sur différents types de sols et de cultures. Ces travaux aboutissent donc à la création d’un capteur permettant la mesure de l’humidité du sol avec un coût réduit par rapport aux capteurs industriel déjà existant. Les expérimentations sur site montrent sa facilité d’insertion ainsi que son bon fonctionnement. / Owing to the development of the smart farming, some new studies need to be lead on a distributed instrumentation to measure soil moisture to control the irrigation.In the project IRRIS context, we realize a smart soil moisture sensor. First, we have to realize the sensing element of this sensor. We choose a capacitive detection to get a reactive sensor despite low cost. The body is a cylinder to be easily buried in the soil. The electrodes are made by electrochemical deposition on the plastic tube. Then, we design the measurement electronic. We compare two solutions, one with discrete components and the other software on embedded microcontroller. We submit those electronics at thermic variations to observe their comportment to create the law of compensation. Next we assemble the sensor according to two ways. The first, the multi sensor, forces the depths of sensing but reduces the costs by pooling the measurement electronic. The second, the mono sensor, frees the choice of depth but multiplies the number of sensors. We create at this step the sensor network thanks a wireless communication placed on 868MHz, an ISM band that we characterize in terms of range depending on the flow rate to optimize this communication. Finally, we observe the results of three measurement campaigns to validate the operating for different soil and cultures.This study ends in the realization of a sensor to measure soil moisture with a reduced cost relative to the industrial sensor on the market. Experiments prove its ease of use as well as its proper functioning.

Progressivement, les technologies numériques prennent une place plus importante dans la recherche sur les phénomènes socioculturels. Des projets d’équipement se développent dans toutes les disciplines des sciences humaines et sociales (SHS) et des mouvements prônant une révolution instrumentale se multiplient. Cette thèse en sciences de l’information et de la communication propose d’interroger l’avènement d’une recherche « numériquement équipée » en SHS à partir d’une réflexion générale sur les liens entre sciences, technique et écriture. Quels sont les enjeux épistémologiques, mais aussi politiques, sous-jacents à ces logiques d’instrumentation numérique en tant qu’elles instituent de nouvelles techniques d’écriture au cœur des pratiques de recherche ? Le mémoire présente un parcours en trois grandes parties. La première partie inscrit la recherche dans une pensée des rapports fondamentaux entre instruments techniques et connaissance scientifique. Il s’agit également de reconnaître les spécificités d’une approche « communicationnelle » de l’instrumentation scientifique, et en particulier de l’instrumentation numérique. La deuxième partie propose une exploration critique des discours d’escorte qui accompagnent ces transformations en s’appuyant sur les projets émanant de deux courants majeurs du domaine de la recherche numériquement équipée en SHS : les « humanités numériques » et les « méthodes numériques ». Quelles sont les promesses portées par ces mouvements ? Quels imaginaires, quelles représentations de la science et du numérique ces projets de « renouvellement » de la recherche par le numérique abritent-ils, mais aussi à quels « obstacles » se heurtent-ils ? À partir de la théorie des médias informatisés et de l’écriture numérique, et sur la base d’une démarche d’analyse techno-sémiotique, la troisième partie interroge les formes et les pouvoirs de la médiation instrumentale numérique. Sur un plan morphologique et praxéologique, en quoi consiste la conception et la mise en œuvre de tels instruments ? Sur un plan plus politique, quels sont les effets « normatifs » de ces dispositifs instrumentaux sur l’épistémologie des disciplines qui s’en saisissent ? / Gradually, digital technologies are becoming more important in research on sociocultural phenomena. Equipment projects are developing in all the social sciences and the humanities (SSH) and movements advocating an instrumental revolution are multiplying. This thesis proposes to question the advent of a digitally equipped research in the SSH on the basis of a general reflection on the links between science, technology and writing. What are the epistemological and political issues that underlie these digital instrumentation logics as they institute new writing techniques at the heart of research practices? The thesis is composed of three main parts. The first part questions the fundamental relationships between technical instruments and scientific knowledge. It is also about estimating the specificities of a communication approach to scientific instrumentation. The second part proposes a critical exploration of the discourses that accompany these transformations by focusing on projects from two major currents in the field of digitally equipped research in the SSH: the "digital humanities" and the "digital methods". What promises, what "imaginaires", what representations of science do these research practices renewal projects by digital technology contain? But also what "epistemological obstacles" do they encounter? Based on a theory of digital writing, and on a techno-semiotic analysis approach, the thir part questions the forms and powers of the digital instrumentation. On a morphological level, what do the design and implementation of such instruments consist of? On a political level, what are the normative effects of these "dispositifs" on the epistemology of the disciplines that seize them?

Pour augmenter les performances de nos composants électroniques, les fabricants ont recourt à de nouveaux matériaux tels que les terres rares. Malgré leur nom, les terres rares sont présentes en quantité sur le globe terrestre mais de façon diluée dans les minerais extraits. L’extraction de ces éléments est peu effectuée en Europe mais majoritairement en Asie où les procédés chimiques de séparations employés sont parfois peu respectueux de l’environnement. De plus les industriels européens sont contraints économiquement par le marché asiatique pour l’achat de ces matières premières. En revanche l’Europe dispose d’une grande quantité de déchets électroniques contenant les éléments d’intérêts. Les procédés de recyclage sont donc primordiaux pour réduire notre dépendance économique et répondre aux besoins d’une économie circulaire. Des procédés de recyclage comme par exemple, l’extraction liquide-liquide existent déjà, mais la diversité des déchets présents nécessite d’adapter le procédé en fonction du lot de déchets afin d’améliorer le rendement. Mais l’optimisation d’un procédé nécessite des expérimentations qui peuvent prendre plusieurs années. L’objectif de la thèse est de trouver des moyens innovants pour réduire le temps nécessaire à l’étude d’un système d’extraction liquide-liquide de quelques années à quelques semaines. Pour cela le domaine a besoin d’une instrumentation dédiée pouvant analyser de façon automatique et rapide les procédés. Les travaux de cette thèse ont donc porté sur le développement d’un dispositif microfluidique d’extraction liquide-liquide associé à deux techniques principales d’analyses en ligne. La première technique d’analyse est basée sur une méthode de fluorescence des rayons X (XRF) pour déterminer la performance d’extraction. La seconde méthode est basée sur de la spectrométrie infrarouge à transformée de Fourrier (FTIR) afin d’étudier l’activité des solvants (aqueux et organiques), informant sur les mécanismes d’extraction. / To increase the performance of our electronic components, manufacturers are using new materials such as rare earth elements (REE). Despite their name, the REE are present in quantity on Earth but in a diluted way in the ores extracted. The extraction of these elements is little carried out in Europe but mainly in Asia where the chemical processes of separations employed are sometimes not very respectful of the environment. Moreover European manufacturers are economically constrained by the Asian market for the purchase of these raw materials. On the other hand, Europe has a large quantity of electronic waste containing the elements of interest. Recycling processes are therefore essential to reduce our economic dependence and meet the needs of a circular economy. Recycling processes such as, for example, liquid-liquid extraction already exist, but the diversity of the present waste requires to adapt the process according to the batch of waste in order to improve the yield. But the optimization of a process requires experiments that can take several years. The aim of the thesis is to find innovative ways to reduce the time needed to study a liquid-liquid extraction system from a few years to a few weeks. For this the domain needs a dedicated instrumentation that can analyse processes automatically and quickly. The work of this thesis is focused on the development of a microfluidic liquid-liquid extraction device associated with two main online analysis techniques. The first analytical technique is based on an X-ray fluorescence (XRF) method to determine the extraction performance. The second method is based on Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) in order to study the activity of solvents (aqueous and organic), informing about extraction mechanisms.

Yip Lung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- Heart and Lung Diseases --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Hong Kong --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- China --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- the United States of America (USA) --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2 --- Auscultation --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Introduction of Auscultation --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Comparison between Auscultation and Ultrasound --- p.6 / Chapter 1.3 --- Stethoscope --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- History of Stethoscope --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- New Electronic Stethoscope --- p.14 / Chapter 1.4 --- Main Purpose of the Study --- p.16 / Chapter 1.5 --- Organization of Thesis --- p.16 / References --- p.18 / Chapter 2 --- A New Electronic Stethoscope's Head / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.20 / Chapter 2.2 --- Biopotential Electrode --- p.21 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Flexible Electrode --- p.21 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Laplacian Electrocardiogram --- p.22 / Chapter 2.3 --- Transducer --- p.25 / Chapter 2.4 --- Design of the Head of Stethoscope --- p.26 / Chapter 2.5 --- Experimental Results --- p.27 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- Bias Voltage of Condenser Microphone --- p.27 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- Frequency Response of New Stethoscope's Head --- p.29 / Chapter 2.6 --- Discussion --- p.30 / Chapter 2.7 --- Section Summary --- p.31 / References --- p.33 / Chapter 3 --- Signal Pre-processing Unit / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.35 / Chapter 3.2 --- High Input Impedance IC Amplifier --- p.36 / Chapter 3.3 --- Voltage Control Voltage Source High Pass Filter Circuit --- p.37 / Chapter 3.4 --- Multiple Feed Back Low Pass Filter Circuit --- p.39 / Chapter 3.5 --- Overall Circuit --- p.41 / Chapter 3.6 --- Experimental Results --- p.43 / Chapter 3.7 --- Discussion --- p.46 / Chapter 3.8 --- Section Summary --- p.47 / References --- p.48 / Chapter 4 --- Central Platform / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.49 / Chapter 4.2 --- Adaptive Filter --- p.49 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Introduction to Adaptive Filtering --- p.49 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Least-Mean-Square (LMS) Algorithm --- p.51 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Applications --- p.52 / Chapter 4.3 --- Offline Processing --- p.54 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- WINDAQ and MATLAB --- p.55 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Direct Reference Algorithm --- p.57 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Determination of Parameters in DRA --- p.62 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Experimental Results of DRA --- p.67 / Chapter 4.3.5 --- Acoustic Waveform Based Algorithm --- p.72 / Chapter 4.3.6 --- Experimental Results of AWBA --- p.81 / Chapter 4.4 --- Online Processing --- p.85 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- LABVIEW --- p.85 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Automated Gain Control --- p.88 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- Implementation of LMS adaptive filter --- p.89 / Chapter 4.4.4 --- Experimental Results of Online-AGC --- p.92 / Chapter 4.5 --- Discussion --- p.93 / Chapter 4.6 --- Section Summary --- p.97 / References --- p.98 / Chapter 5 --- Conclusion and Further Development / Chapter 5.1 --- Conclusion of the Main Contribution --- p.100 / Chapter 5.2 --- Future Works --- p.102 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Modification of the Head of Stethoscope --- p.102 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Validation of Abnormal Breath --- p.102 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Low Frequency Analysis --- p.102 / Chapter 5.2.4 --- AGC-AWBA Approach --- p.102 / Chapter 5.2.5 --- Standalone Device --- p.103 / Chapter 5.2.6 --- Demand on Stethoscope --- p.109 / References --- p.110 / Appendix / Chapter A.1 --- Determination of parameters in VCVS High Pass Filter --- p.106 / Chapter A.2 --- Determination of parameters in MFB Low Pass Filter --- p.110 / Chapter A.3 --- Source code of DRA (MATLAB) --- p.114 / Chapter A.4 --- Source code of AWBA (MATLAB) --- p.129 / Chapter A.5 --- Source code of online AGC (LABVIEW) --- p.134

Submitted by Denilton Machado da Silva null (deniltonfisico@hotmail.com) on 2017-03-28T23:04:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACÃO DENILTON UNESP2017 01.pdf: 3984743 bytes, checksum: 8a0ce09b952876299038e5c1c7ea7bcc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-03-29T18:10:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_dm_me_prud.pdf: 3984743 bytes, checksum: 8a0ce09b952876299038e5c1c7ea7bcc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-29T18:10:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_dm_me_prud.pdf: 3984743 bytes, checksum: 8a0ce09b952876299038e5c1c7ea7bcc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / De acordo com pesquisas em ensino de ciências, nos últimos tempos, os alunos de forma geral, não compreendem e não desenvolvem as tarefas sobre os conceitos básicos de ciências, como por exemplo, relacionar um tema de Física com os acontecimentos rotineiros do dia a dia, assim como relacioná-lo com a Química ou Geografia. Uma possível hipótese está no fato de que o ambiente escolar frequentado pelos alunos, atualmente, está desconexo com os interesses e curiosidades que eles possuem em aprender. Estes interesses estão ligados apenas a conceitos imediatistas. Esta geração de alunos que está se moldando é conhecida como “geração tecnológica”. As simples experimentações em si realizadas em salas de aulas não refletem no real aprendizado para que os alunos desenvolvam competências e habilidades na elaboração de saberes científico. Os conteúdos são apenas direcionados para cumprir currículos em espaços de tempo cada vez mais reduzidos. Pela fundamentação teórica de David Ausubel, que relaciona a questão de materiais representativos e significativos no processo de ensino aprendizagem, foi proposta, nesta pesquisa, a discussão dos conceitos de Astronomia, em formatos de oficinas, na qual os alunos foram incentivados a criar o próprio conhecimento de forma construtivista por meio da metodologia mediadora na relação com os outros saberes como a Matemática, Geografia, História, Física incentivando a interdisciplinaridade. Os resultados obtidos nas oficinas foram gravados e transformados em material de mídia que foram hospedados em um canal para serem compartilhados via web. Este material está sendo utilizado para consulta e estudos atendendo o livre acesso de conteúdo agregando conhecimento na tentativa de atender a “sociedade do conhecimento” que está se moldando via Ead. / In agreement of recent science education research, recently, in general, students cannot understand and also can not develop their stuff about basic science concepts, such as make the relationship between Physics and something that happen day-by-day either relation with chemistry or geography. A possible hypothesis can be the fact of the scholar ambient could be disconnected from the interest and curiosities that they should be to learn. These interests are connected just only with immediatist concepts. The students generation that is coming is called “Technological generation”. The experiments did in classroom have not been enough to improve their scientific skills. The subjects are just specifically used to fulfill curricula in a short period of time (and this time have been reduced constantly or periodically or frequently). By the theoretical basis of David Ausubel, that related representative and significative materials in the teaching/ learnt process was proposed, in this Project, the discussion of about Astronomy concepts using workshop format, In which students were encouraged to create their own knowledge in a constructivist way through the mediator methodology in relation to other knowledge such as Mathematics, Geography, History, Physics encouraging interdisciplinarity. The results obtained in the workshops were recorded and transformed in media material that it can be shared in web. This material is being used for reference source and studies, providing free access to content, aggregating knowledge in an attempt to meet the "knowledge society" that is shaping through EAD.