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[pt] O DIGITAL TWIN NO PLANEJAMENTO E GESTÃO URBANA: RECURSO CHAVE PARA AS ATUAIS DEMANDAS CLIMÁTICAS, SOCIAIS E TECNOLÓGICAS / [en] THE DIGITAL TWIN IN URBAN PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT: A KEY ASSET FOR TODAY S CLIMATIC, SOCIAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEMANDSPEDRO RATTES PASCOLI 02 December 2024 (has links)
[pt] A crescente presença da digitalização em todas as áreas de estudo e atuação,
é igualmente evidente no Planejamento e Gestão Urbana (PGU). Globalmente, a
complexa realidade das cidades atuais, marcada pelo contínuo crescimento
populacional urbano e as já correntes consequências das mudanças climáticas,
exige uma ampla requalificação urbana. Essa requalificação envolve uma nova
gestão de informações, o enfrentamento de questões socialmente sensíveis e
realização de intervenções físicas contundentes, cirúrgicas, contextualizadas e de
eficácia imediata. Este trabalho explora o potencial protagonismo dos Digital
Twins (DTs) nesta transformação digital das cidades. Através de pesquisa
bibliográfica, e consultas a entidades especializadas, foi caracterizado o contexto
do PGU, foi realizado um nivelamento conceitual dos DTs, e foram apresentadas
as tecnologias envolvidas no seu desenvolvimento e aplicação. Através de estudos
de caso, de exemplos notáveis, foi avaliada a aplicação dos DTs como estratégia
para enfrentar os desafios identificados. Desta discussão emergiram alguns
aspectos aderentes ao PGU atual: acesso intuitivo a informações ricas, precisas e
atualizadas; integração tecnológica; gestão transparente e participativa; simulação
verossímil de projetos e cenários de emergências climáticas. As conclusões deste
trabalho sugerem o desenvolvimento do Ambiente de Informação Integrada (AII),
uma plataforma colaborativa e multicamada que permite o acesso e a gestão de
múltiplos atores através da integração de dados em uma organização física e
ontológica. Essa ferramenta, concentra informação e processos, promove
acessibilidade, minimiza os impactos sociais e ambientais, e gera eficiência
temporal e de recursos. / [en] The increasing presence of digitalization in all areas of study and work is
equally evident in urban planning and management (UPM). Globally, the complex
reality of today s cities, marked by continuous urban population growth and the
ongoing consequences of climate change, demands extensive urban
requalification. This requalification involves managing a vast amount of
information, addressing socially sensitive issues, and carrying out forceful,
surgical, contextualized, and immediately effective physical interventions. This
work explores the potential role of Digital Twins (DTs) in this digital
transformation of cities. Through bibliographic research and consultations with
specialized entities, the context of the PGU was characterized, a conceptual
leveling of the DTs was carried out, and the technologies involved in its
development and application were presented. By studying notable case examples,
the application of DTs as a tool to address the identified challenges was evaluated.
Some aspects aligned with current UPM emerged from this discussion: intuitive
access to rich, accurate, and up-to-date information; technological integration;
transparent and participatory management; realistic simulation of projects and
climate emergency scenarios. The conclusions of this work suggest the
development of the Integrated Information Environment (IIE), a collaborative and
multi-layered platform that allows access and management by multiple actors
through data integration in a physical and ontological organization. This tool
concentrates information and processes, promotes accessibility, minimizes social
and environmental impacts, and generates temporal and resource efficiency.
In the early part of the last century, only 10 per cent of the world s population lived
in cities. However, by around 1950, when two-thirds of the global population still
resided in rural communities, an increase in urbanization was observed. This
process has intensified over the past two decades, and by 2007, we reached a
significant milestone: for the first time, the urban population surpassed the rural
population (UNITED NATIONS, 2019). With the urban population continuously growing at a faster rate than the rural population, today approximately 56 per cent of the
global population – 4.4 billion people – resides in cities. By the end of the
sustainable development agenda in 2030, the proportion of the population living
in cities is expected to reach 60 per cent. With projections indicating a continued
increase in this percentage in the medium term, by 2050, after just one century of
intense and progressive urbanization, the situation will be reversed, with two thirds of the world s population living in urban areas. This will result in an
additional 1.2 million square kilometers of urban area worldwide (THE WORLD
BANK, 2020; UNITED NATIONS, 2019).
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