D.Ed. / This research project lasting from 1994-1996 is a comprehensive description and evaluation of the environmental education programme offered at Delta Environmental Centre. It is an evaluative case study of a progamme in environmental education. The principal aim of the project was to evaluate the environmental education programme offered by Delta. This was achieved through a comprehensive description and documentation of the various features/aspects of the programme. Because the research is based upon the Fourth Generation Evaluation approach (Guba & Lincoln 1989:50/252), the views, claims, concerns of the Delta Environmental Education Officers and other significant stakeholders form the major part of the research. Through interviews, factors influencing the programme and some aspects of the Centre were elicited by the research process. Both the Environmental Education Officers and the other stakeholders (Sponsors, the Honorary President and founder of the Centre, the Chairman, the former Chief Executive of Delta and the former Chief Educationalist) made important and valid recommendations which, if taken serious by the management of the Centre, will influence the future direction of the Centre. From the available documents such as internal educational reports, newsletters, magazines and pamphlets, together with the interviews conducted, the history and development of the Centre and its environmental education activities was revealed. The Centre has changed over the years and the changes are reflected on the many mission statements the Centre has produced. These are reviewed on an ongoing basis to keep up with changes in environmental education. This has led to very successful educational activities reflected in the methods employed by the Officers and the content of the programme. The methodology is central to the teaching and learning at the Centre. It emerged from the interviews, that the instructional strategies are varied and geared to different age levels and backgrounds of the groups. Creative teaching methods such as dramatisation, games and role play (Shongwe 1992b:44) are used very effectively at the Centre. In addition to such methods is observation, self-discovery, hands-on activities and experiential learning where pupils are given the opportunity to experience and encounter natural features of Delta Park. The pupils visiting the Centre bring along certain experiences, needs and expectations that should be recognised by the Environmental Education Officers if effective teaching and learning is to be achieved. The pupils, through a questionnaire, articulate these and this is one area that needs further investigation and formal research. The role of the Centre was explained, priorities were set and recommendations for improvement were made by both the Environmental Education Officers and the other stakeholders. It is recommended that the Centre should go beyond the teaching foundations of ecology to issues that are more relevent to the day to day living of people. The programme should incorporate more problem solving skills that will assist the pupils to solve real problems back at home. Teachers should be exposed to environmental management techniques which might be translated into the promotion of environmental values and ethics as part of the day to day running of schools. Techniques such as how to draw and implement an Environmental Management System (EMS), an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and to conducts environmental audits at school be promoted. The programme has changed over the years for the better. Among other factors, the working conditions, the personality of the Officers and their outonomy, are the main contributing factors influencing the effectiveness of the Centre and its environmental education programme. These are unique findings as there is no evidence from literature that this has ever been articulated. The research confirms the relevance of qualitative research and the use of the case study approach as most appropriate for research in environmental education. Fourth Generation Evaluation is also most suitable for an evaluation of an environmental education programme. Finally, the research recognises the contributions by the Centre towards the development of environmental education in this country on non-formal basis and argues for a balance between this approach and formal education. The research concludes that the environmental education programme at Delta is effective and based upon sound environmental and educational principles. High and strong commendations to the staff and the management of the Centre. The Centre is one of the most important and well suited establishment to facilitate the incorporation of environmental education in the formal curriculum.

M.Ed. (Media Studies) / The pertinent question which is asked in this study is what is intended by the word "education" in a broadcasting context ; especially if a broadcasting corporation such as the SWABC has explicitly declared its selfimposed task to be to en tertain, to inform and to educate. It is being investigated how such education should be provided ; how it should be organised and managed ; and whether it is at all the task of the SWABC to educate, or whether the corporation is not merely entertainment and information medium. It seems that since the development of radio in the twenties and of television in the fifties both radio and TV have been used for educational, instructional and guidance purposes. From the onset the formal component and the objectives were more clearly defined than the non-formal, which have only in recent years become better defined and have taken form as far as domain , methods, target, contents and purpose are concerned. Non-formal ER and ETV are specialised broadcasting disciplines which have developed a systematic and special methodology whereby programmes modelled on scientifically identified learning needs in the community are planned, produced, broadcast and utiIised. This is more than just education; it has to be instructional in the broadest sense of the word. Knowledge and expertise invaluable to the human existence have to be conveyed. It also includes values and norms. Non-formal ER and ETV are targeted at adults and non-adults outside a school and tertiary educational context. It moves on both the pedagogical and the andragogical terrains and as a broadcasting discipline will have to draw from both pedagogy and the andragogy. Non-formal ER and ETV cannot be planned and operated in isolation by the SWABC. It has to issue forth from a national educational and development strategy. Learning deficiencies and objectives have to be determined and formulated on a national level.

This research was concerned with integrated nonformal education programmes in Zambia. The purposes of the research were: (1) to identify factors thought by administrators to facilitate and hinder the implementation of integrated nonformal education programmes; (2) to establish the relative influence of each factor; (3) to determine the perceived degree of integration from the perspective of four administrative levels; and (4) to determine skills and knowledge acquired from integrated nonformal education programmes through the perceptions of participants. Critical incident interviews and questionnaires were used to gather data from administrators, extension workers and programme participants in Chipata District of Eastern Zambia. Integrated Rural Development Programmes had been in operation since 1972. The critical incident technique was used to interview seventy-seven administrators and extension workers at four administrative levels -national, provincial, district and local. Data from the interviews were used to identify a total of eight factors that were thought to facilitate implementation of integrated nonformal education programmes and nine factors that were thought to hinder implementation of integrated nonformal education programmes. Both facilitating and hindering factors were ranked for each administrative level. Data from questionnaires were used to determine the perceived degree of vertical and horizontal integration from the perspectives of four administrative levels as well as to determine outcomes of integration, through perceptions of programme participants. A total of 106 administrators and extension workers responded to the Administrators' Questionnaire; 50 responded to the Local Level Questionnaire; and 77 selected participants around three local sites answered the Participants' Questionnaire. Survey questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance to determine whether there were any differences between administrative groups. The major findings that emerged from the study were these: 1. Factors perceived as facilitating and hindering implementation of integrated nonformal education programmes rank differently according to the administrative level of respondents. For administrators at three administrative levels (national, provincial and district) seminars/workshops and training facilities is a powerful facilitating factor. At local level, however, administrators ranked seminars/ workshops fourth as a factor facilitating successful implementation. In this research, inadequate skilled personnel ranked as the highest hindering factor at three administrative levels (national, provincial and district) but ranked fourth at local level. 2. Vertical integration is positively correlated with horizontal integration. 3. Administrators at the national level believe that a higher degree of vertical and horizontal integration exists in integrated programmes than do administrators of the other three administrative levels. 4. The small number of extension workers and their inability to adequately cover their constituency, seriously affect the impact of integrated nonformal education programmes. Based on the results of the study, recommendations for theory, further research, and for practice are presented. / Education, Faculty of / Educational Studies (EDST), Department of / Graduate

Tennessee Beef Quality Assurance (BQA) programs teach beef producers the importance of quality within beef industries. BQA programs assure consumers of the quality and safety of supplied beef, as well as the environmental orientation of farm production practices (Tsakiridis et al., 2021). Any active BQA certificate holder in Tennessee can apply for the Tennessee Agricultural Enhancement Program (TAEP). TAEP significantly benefits both farmers and the economy. The TAEP is a cost-share system funding over $106 million dollars funding over thirty-seven thousand programs in the agricultural community statewide (Farm Bureau, Tennessee 2019 Resolutions, 2019). The cost-share program aids farmers to begin projects that could not have been financially feasible if the cost-share program was not available (Menard et al., 2019). The BQA program is an educational program taught as Cooperative Extensions efforts. The program aims to predominately adult beef cattle producers. Andragogy, also known as adult learning theory, was created by Malcolm Knowles to effectively teach adults. In this study, qualitative methods and quantitative methods were used to accurately identify how andragogy is being used in Tennessee BQA programs. The results showed Extension agents followed the seven-step andragogical design process and showed that BQA participants have the six andragogical principles. Recommendations for future research were identified to adapt the Andragogy in practice inventory for instructors, conduct a research study that addresses counties with smaller participation, and conduct studies with county agents in early career stages. Recommendations for the Tennessee BQA program are to have trainings for Extension agents around the andragogical process and to reevaluate the requirement for additional programs. / Master of Science in Life Sciences / Since BQA was established in 1987 by the Beef Checkoff, trainings across 47 states have been implemented to guide beef producers with the tools and training necessary to assure animal health and well-being. The program is an educational program that is typically taught by Extension education. Extension education was established by the Smith-Lever Act in 1914 which was established for the educational outreach of the Land-Grant institution for the growth of rural areas across the United States. This study aimed to identify how adult learning theory, andragogy, is used in Tennessee BQA programs and to make appropriate recommendations to ensure program effectiveness. This study is important to identify educational effectiveness in the BQA program and to ensure program participants are implementing program objectives to ensure the goals and purposes of the BQA program.

No description available.

No description available.

The thesis maps the subjective meaning ascribed to the terms of mathematics and physics by students of secondary schools in České Budějovice. We investigate whether the perception of these tems is influenced by the offer of non-formal education. Main part of thesis is based on research supported by theoretical findings. The theoretical part deals with mathematics and physics in formal and non-formal education, describes the offer of informal education at high schools selected by us and we also describe there the semantic differential method used by us, which is proven in exploring connotative meanings of terms. In the practical part of the work we describe a project of empirical research in detail, the process of data collection and in conclusion, we describe the results obtained.

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo geral analisar a dinâmica de funcionamento das atividades não formais do Colégio Estadual Guadalajara e apontar para possíveis pontes-diálogo entre educação formal e não formal nesse espaço escolar. Para atingir esse objetivo a dissertação contemplou: a) a descrição das atividades do Núcleo de Cultura do Guadá desde a sua implementação, b) a análise das possíveis relações estabelecidas entre as atividades não formais e as atividades oferecidas pela instituição a partir do proposto pela rede oficial de ensino e c) a influência do Programa Mais Educação na promoção das atividades não formais de ensino pela escola. Nesse sentido, a investigação em foco, ressalta o regime colaborativo entre o ideal de educação integral proposto pelo programa e a perspectiva de formação holística do indivíduo presente nas atividades não formais do C.E. Guadalajara. Para isso conta com aporte teórico de autores como Gohn (2010), Trilla (2008), Gadotti (2005) e Libâneo (2010) para conceituar e categorizar educação formal e não formal. E, com Ferreira (2007), Guará (2006), Cavaliere (2002) e Coelho (s/d) para esclarecer a perspectiva de educação integral e problematizá-la. Os procedimentos metodológicos adotados foram: observação não-participante, análise documental, história oral e aplicação de entrevistas semi-estruturada realizadas com as duas animadoras culturais do Núcleo de Cultura. Os resultados revelam que, de fato existem articulações pontuais entre educação formal e não formal na escola pesquisada. Este aspecto está relacionado com a participação de professores no planejamento das atividades não formais e a melhoria do rendimento dos alunos nas disciplinas formais em virtude da participação nas oficinas ofertadas pelo núcleo. No tocante a colaboração do Programa Mais Educação para a promoção das atividades não formais da escola foi constatado que o programa serviu como auxílio para subsidiar atividades que já ocorriam no espaço escolar sem seu financiamento. / This research has the objective to analyze the dynamics of the operation of non-formal activities of the State College Guadalajara and point to possible dialogue - bridges between formal and non-formal education in the school environment. To achieve this goal the dissertation included: a) a description of the activities of the Center for Culture of Guada since its implementation, b) analysis of the possible relations between the non-formal activities and the activities offered by the institution from the network proposed by official teaching and c) the influence of More Education program in the promotion of non-formal education activities for school. In this sense, the research focus, emphasizes the collaborative arrangements between the ideal of comprehensive education offered by the program and the prospect of holistic training of this individual in the non-formal activities of the EC Guadalajara. For it has theoretical support of authors like Gohn (2010), Trilla (2008), Gadotti (2005) and Libâneo (2010) to conceptualize and categorize formal and non-formal education. And Ferreira (2007), Guara (2006), Cavaliere (2002) and Coelho (s/d) to clarify the perspective of integral education and problematize it. The methodological procedures were non - participant observation, document analysis, oral history and application of semi - structured interviews with both cultural encouraging of Nucleus of Culture. The results show that indeed there are specific links between formal and non-formal education in the school studied. This is linked with the participation of teachers in the planning of non-formal activities and improving student performance in formal disciplines by participating in workshops offered by the core. Regarding the collaboration of More Education Programme for the promotion of non-formal school activities was found that the program served as an aid to subsidize activities that have occurred at school without their funding.

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo geral analisar a dinâmica de funcionamento das atividades não formais do Colégio Estadual Guadalajara e apontar para possíveis pontes-diálogo entre educação formal e não formal nesse espaço escolar. Para atingir esse objetivo a dissertação contemplou: a) a descrição das atividades do Núcleo de Cultura do Guadá desde a sua implementação, b) a análise das possíveis relações estabelecidas entre as atividades não formais e as atividades oferecidas pela instituição a partir do proposto pela rede oficial de ensino e c) a influência do Programa Mais Educação na promoção das atividades não formais de ensino pela escola. Nesse sentido, a investigação em foco, ressalta o regime colaborativo entre o ideal de educação integral proposto pelo programa e a perspectiva de formação holística do indivíduo presente nas atividades não formais do C.E. Guadalajara. Para isso conta com aporte teórico de autores como Gohn (2010), Trilla (2008), Gadotti (2005) e Libâneo (2010) para conceituar e categorizar educação formal e não formal. E, com Ferreira (2007), Guará (2006), Cavaliere (2002) e Coelho (s/d) para esclarecer a perspectiva de educação integral e problematizá-la. Os procedimentos metodológicos adotados foram: observação não-participante, análise documental, história oral e aplicação de entrevistas semi-estruturada realizadas com as duas animadoras culturais do Núcleo de Cultura. Os resultados revelam que, de fato existem articulações pontuais entre educação formal e não formal na escola pesquisada. Este aspecto está relacionado com a participação de professores no planejamento das atividades não formais e a melhoria do rendimento dos alunos nas disciplinas formais em virtude da participação nas oficinas ofertadas pelo núcleo. No tocante a colaboração do Programa Mais Educação para a promoção das atividades não formais da escola foi constatado que o programa serviu como auxílio para subsidiar atividades que já ocorriam no espaço escolar sem seu financiamento. / This research has the objective to analyze the dynamics of the operation of non-formal activities of the State College Guadalajara and point to possible dialogue - bridges between formal and non-formal education in the school environment. To achieve this goal the dissertation included: a) a description of the activities of the Center for Culture of Guada since its implementation, b) analysis of the possible relations between the non-formal activities and the activities offered by the institution from the network proposed by official teaching and c) the influence of More Education program in the promotion of non-formal education activities for school. In this sense, the research focus, emphasizes the collaborative arrangements between the ideal of comprehensive education offered by the program and the prospect of holistic training of this individual in the non-formal activities of the EC Guadalajara. For it has theoretical support of authors like Gohn (2010), Trilla (2008), Gadotti (2005) and Libâneo (2010) to conceptualize and categorize formal and non-formal education. And Ferreira (2007), Guara (2006), Cavaliere (2002) and Coelho (s/d) to clarify the perspective of integral education and problematize it. The methodological procedures were non - participant observation, document analysis, oral history and application of semi - structured interviews with both cultural encouraging of Nucleus of Culture. The results show that indeed there are specific links between formal and non-formal education in the school studied. This is linked with the participation of teachers in the planning of non-formal activities and improving student performance in formal disciplines by participating in workshops offered by the core. Regarding the collaboration of More Education Programme for the promotion of non-formal school activities was found that the program served as an aid to subsidize activities that have occurred at school without their funding.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2015-09-22T16:42:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TANIA FERREIRA MORAES.pdf: 2803794 bytes, checksum: e6596f5e8495b554f5b2f487c939b836 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-22T16:42:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TANIA FERREIRA MORAES.pdf: 2803794 bytes, checksum: e6596f5e8495b554f5b2f487c939b836 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-03 / This research aims to discuss the relation between formal and non-formal education in the process of inserting children, teenagers, young people and adults in society. In order to make this possible, two organizations in civil society and a public school in the city of São Paulo, were selected, and they are: the Associação dos moradores do Jardim Vila Nova e adjacências, Centro Educacional Força da Mulher and State School Reverendo Irineu Monteiro de Pinho. The organizations and the public school are located in an area of great social vunerability. The study was carried out through documental sources of the organizations and the public school, though oral reports and statements from schools’ managers, educators and participants of the process. The survey indicate that the relation between formal and non-formal education is fundamental for the student’s formation in this new millennium, taming towards a propositional relation which can contribute to a citizen’s formation. As for the organization in civil society, the non-formal education activities are restricted to a few people and the resources to enable the mediator agent’s and more permanent dialogue with the public are lacking the public power needs to have a different view when regarding non-formal educational activities in a way that may facilitate its dialogue with formal education, guaranteeing continuity in the day-to-day life of school’s. / Esta pesquisa objetiva discutir a relação entre educação não-formal e educação formal no processo de inserção de crianças, adolescentes, jovens e adultos na sociedade. Para tal selecionaram-se duas organizações da sociedade civil e uma escola pública na cidade de São Paulo, a saber: a Associação de Moradores do Jardim Vila Nova e Adjacências, o Centro Educacional Força da Mulher e a Escola Estadual Reverendo Irineu Monteiro de Pinho. As organizações da sociedade civil e a escola pública estão localizadas em uma área de ocupação que apresenta grande vulnerabilidade social. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de fontes documentais das organizações da sociedade civil e da escola pública, relatos orais e, depoimentos dos gestores, educadores e participantes do processo. Os levantamentos indicam que a relação entre a educação não-formal e formal é fundamental para a formação dos alunos neste novo milênio, visando a uma relação propositiva que pode contribuir para uma formação cidadã. Quanto às organizações da sociedade civil, as atividades educativas não-formais são restritas para poucos, faltam recursos para capacitar os agentes mediadores e diálogo mais constantemente com a escola pública. O poder público precisa ter um olhar diferenciado para as atividades educativas não-formais de forma que facilite o diálogo com educação formal, garantido-lhes continuidade no dia a dia das escolas.