Os projetos para estudo de genomas ou genes expressos partem de uma etapa de seqüenciamento no qual são gerados em laboratório dados brutos, ou seja, seqüências de DNA sem significado biológico. Estas seqüências de DNA possuem códigos responsáveis pela produção de RNAs e proteínas. O grande desafio dos pesquisadores consiste em analisar essas seqüências e obter informações biologicamente relevantes. Durante esta análise diversos programas de computador, além de um grande volume de dados armazenados em fontes de dados biológicas, são utilizados. Assim sendo, o presente trabalho prop6s a elaboração de um sistema computacional que permite a análise de dados sobre biologia molecular e facilite a instanciação do software dependendo do ambiente de trabalho e tipo de projeto de análise. Para este sistema foi dado o nome de Sistema de Gerenciamento de Análise de Dados por Bioinformática - SGADBio. O trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento do sistema baseado em metodologias de Engenharia de Software, além dos módulos e funções disponíveis. Seqüências oriundas de um projeto de ESTs do fungo dermatófito Trichophyton rubrum, geradas em um laboratório de biologia molecular, foram submetidas ao sistema para análise. Os resultados são expressivos, demonstrando que o sistema é adequado e capaz de adaptar se a projetos envolvendo seqüenciamento / Projects involving the study of genomes and expressed genes typically initiate with the raw data generated by laboratory sequencing of DNA, devoid of any biological meaning. However, such sequences contain the codes for the production of RNAs and proteins. One of the great challenges faced by researchers is the analysis of such sequences in order to obtain biologically meaningful information. Several computer programs and auxiliary databases are used for that purpose. The present work reports on the development of a computational system capable of supporting biology data analysis and it can be instantiated in order to suit specific working environments and analyses projects. This system has been called Management and Data Analysis System for Applications in Bioinformatics- SGADBio. This work presents the development of the system based on Software Engineering methodologies, as well as the involved modules and functionalities. Sequences from an EST project involving the dermatophyte fungus Trichophyton rubrum, generated in a molecular biology laboratory, were submitted to the system for analysis. The results are expressive, corroborating the versatility of the system for adaptation to sequencing projects

Oil and gas fields can contain significant amounts of hydrogen sulphide and the behaviour of C-Mn pipeline steels exposed to sour environments (i.e. those containing water and hydrogen sulphide) continues to be one of the most active areas of research in the oil and gas industry. This project is aimed at improving the procedures used to assess the significance of flaws in offshore pipelines and risers operating in such environments. Experimental work has focused on examining the behaviour of C-Mn pipeline steel in a sour environment with respect to both static and fatigue crack growth behaviour, for which there is a paucity of data. In particular, the critical influence of crack depth on the crack growth rate has been studied, in order to ensure that test methods and assessment procedures used in industry are appropriately conservative. Under cyclic loading conditions, an environmental crack depth effect has been demonstrated, whereby, shallow flaws appear to grow faster than deeper flaws at the same (low) value of ΔK. The observed behaviour is believed to be dominated by bulk hydrogen charging, i.e. hydrogen charging by absorption from the external surfaces of the specimen rather than at the crack tip, and a lower concentration of hydrogen exists in the centre of the specimen than at the edges. The novel data generated have been applied to real-life pipeline defect assessments to demonstrate the influence of the observed crack growth rate, with a view to developing an improved assessment method. Example engineering critical assessments have been performed for circumferential surface-breaking girth weld flaws located on the internal surface of a typical steel catenary riser, operating in a sour environment and subject to vortex induced vibration fatigue loads. Companies operating in the oil and gas sector will derive benefit from this research programme through the application of new validated test methods and the development of improved in-service assessment procedures.

Os projetos para estudo de genomas ou genes expressos partem de uma etapa de seqüenciamento no qual são gerados em laboratório dados brutos, ou seja, seqüências de DNA sem significado biológico. Estas seqüências de DNA possuem códigos responsáveis pela produção de RNAs e proteínas. O grande desafio dos pesquisadores consiste em analisar essas seqüências e obter informações biologicamente relevantes. Durante esta análise diversos programas de computador, além de um grande volume de dados armazenados em fontes de dados biológicas, são utilizados. Assim sendo, o presente trabalho prop6s a elaboração de um sistema computacional que permite a análise de dados sobre biologia molecular e facilite a instanciação do software dependendo do ambiente de trabalho e tipo de projeto de análise. Para este sistema foi dado o nome de Sistema de Gerenciamento de Análise de Dados por Bioinformática - SGADBio. O trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento do sistema baseado em metodologias de Engenharia de Software, além dos módulos e funções disponíveis. Seqüências oriundas de um projeto de ESTs do fungo dermatófito Trichophyton rubrum, geradas em um laboratório de biologia molecular, foram submetidas ao sistema para análise. Os resultados são expressivos, demonstrando que o sistema é adequado e capaz de adaptar se a projetos envolvendo seqüenciamento / Projects involving the study of genomes and expressed genes typically initiate with the raw data generated by laboratory sequencing of DNA, devoid of any biological meaning. However, such sequences contain the codes for the production of RNAs and proteins. One of the great challenges faced by researchers is the analysis of such sequences in order to obtain biologically meaningful information. Several computer programs and auxiliary databases are used for that purpose. The present work reports on the development of a computational system capable of supporting biology data analysis and it can be instantiated in order to suit specific working environments and analyses projects. This system has been called Management and Data Analysis System for Applications in Bioinformatics- SGADBio. This work presents the development of the system based on Software Engineering methodologies, as well as the involved modules and functionalities. Sequences from an EST project involving the dermatophyte fungus Trichophyton rubrum, generated in a molecular biology laboratory, were submitted to the system for analysis. The results are expressive, corroborating the versatility of the system for adaptation to sequencing projects

Communication technology has become indispensable in a modernsociety. Its importance is growing day by day. One of the main reasonsbehind this growth is the advancement in the analog and mixed signalcircuit design.Analog to digital converter (ADC) is an essential part in a modernreceiver system. Its development is driven by the progress of CMOStechnologies with an aim to reduce area and power consumption. In thearea of RF integrated circuits for wireless application low operationalvoltage, and less current consumption are the central aspects of thedesign. The aim of this master thesis is the development and design ofa low-power analog to digital converter for RF applications.The basic specifications are:· High Speed, Low Current (1.5 V supply voltage)· Maximum input frequency 3.5 MHz· 8-bit resolution· Sampling rate < 100 MHzThus, this work comprises a theoretical concept phase in whichdifferent ADC topologies will be investigated. Based on which anappropriate ADC architecture will be fixed. Later, the chosen design willbe implemented in an industrial 130 nm CMOS process.

This thesis presents a new cross-platform graphics performance tool, GPTT (Graphics Performance Tuning Tool), which is designed for helping developers to find the performance bottleneck of their games or applications on embedded systems. The functions of performance tool are embedded into the standard graphics library, OpenGL ES, to achieve cross-platform. In order to verify the proposed tool, we also implement the OpenGL ES specification in addition to the tool itself. The performance tool is separated into visualization part and measurement part from which it successfully decreases the load in embedded system, while running the application. Via the tool it identifies many bottlenecks that can be improved.

The first topic of this thesis proposes a 10-bit, 30 Msample/s pipeline analog-to-digital converter (ADC) suitable for digital video broadcasting over handheld (DVB-H) systems. The ADC is based on the 1.5-bit-per-stage pipeline architecture. The proposed design is implement- ed by 0.18 um CMOS technology. The input range is 2 V peak-to-peak differential signals, and the post-layout simulation result shows that the spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) is 57.85 dBc with a full-scale sinusoidal input at 700 KHz. The maximum power consumption is 37 mW given a 3.3 V power supply. The core area is 0.27 mm2. The second topic is to propose a fully mixed-voltage-tolerant I/O cell implemented using typical CMOS 2P4M 0.35 um process. Unlike traditional mixed-voltage-tolerant I/O cell, the proposed design can transmit and receive the digital signals with voltage levels of 5/3.3/1.8 V. By using stacked PMOS and stacked NMOS at the output stage and a voltage level converter providing appropriate control voltages for the gates of the stacked PMOS, the gate-oxide overstress and hot-carrier degradation are avoided. Moreover, gate-tracking and floating N-well circuits are used to remove the undesirable leakage current paths. The maximum transmitting speed of the proposed I/O cell is 103/120/84 Mbps for the supply voltage of I/O cell at 5/3.3/1.8 V, respectively, given the load of 20 pF.

The market for battery powered communications devices has grown significantly in recent years. These devices require a large number of analog to digital converters (ADCs) to transform wireless and other physical data into the digital signals required for digital signal processing elements and micro-processors. For these applications, power efficiency and accuracy are of the utmost importance. Successive approximation register (SAR) ADCs are frequently used in power constrained applications, but their main limitation is their low sampling rate. In this work, a two stage pipelined ADC is presented that attempts to mitigate some of the sampling rate limitations of a SAR while maintaining its power and resolution advantages. Special techniques are used to reduce the overall sampling capacitance required in both SAR stages and to increase the linearity of the multiplying digital to analog converter (MDAC) output. The SAR sampling network, control logic, and MDAC blocks are completely implemented. Ideal components were used for the clocking, comparators, and switches. At the end of this design, a figure of merit of 51 fJ/conversion-step was achieved. / text

The objective of this Thesis is to devise a system for the "rheology-based design" of non-settling (homogeneous) slurry pipelines that is more conducive to application by practicing engineers without impairing its accuracy or utility for research purposes. The cornerstone is the development of a new rheological model and constitutive equation for homogeneous slurry based on the aggregation/deaggregation of the suspended mineral particles. This “yield plastic” model is shown to describe a family of models that includes the Newtonian, Bingham plastic and Casson models as special cases. It also closely approximates the results of many consistency models, including power law, yield power law, Cross and Carreau-Yasuda. The yield plastic model is then used to develop design equations to determine the pressure-gradient of laminar and turbulent pipe flow. A relative energy dissipation criterion is proposed for the laminar-turbulent transition and shown to be consistent with currently used transition models for Newtonian and Bingham fluids. Finally, a new dimensionless group (the “stress number”) is proposed that is directly proportional to the pressure-gradient and independent of the velocity. When the design equations are presented graphically in terms of the stress number and the plastic Reynolds number, the resulting “design curve diagram” is shown to be a dimensionless (pressure-gradient vs. velocity) pipe flow curve. The net result is that the hydraulic design of homogeneous slurry systems only requires the use of a single constitutive equation and three engineering design equations. The results are presented in a conceptually easy form that will foster an intuitive understanding of non-Newtonian pipe flow. This will assist engineers to understand the impact of slurry rheology when designing, operating and troubleshooting slurry pipelines and, in the future, other slurry related processes.

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Animation, visual effects, and video game studios have to manage complex and highly iterative productions. The processes, tools, and data flow that carry a production from initial idea to finished state is called a ’pipeline.’ Students in academic programs, even ones focused on educating for digital production, often do not have a well- defined pipeline and spend unnecessary time on technical details rather than creative work. Through interviews with industry professionals, analysis of published works on pipeline and digital production, and study of current academic pipelines, this thesis presents general principles for pipelines as well as suggestions for applying these principles in academic environments. Implementing these suggestions could provide a foundation for a robust academic pipeline that lets students spend more time creating and collaborating and prepares them for employment in the digital production industry.