An incentive for origin of this diploma work was an effort to bring a solution for a troubleshooting area in an international IT company ́s process management where the author was working for more than one and half year and which subsidiary is based in the Czech Republic. The goal of the work is not even to bring a solution in a form of redesign below spcificated process area with suggestion for implementation, but also to bring the reader overview on one possible way how to design and model processes implemented by a certain company. The private objective of the author is to enlarge her own experience with analysis and process modelling portfolio. Goals were achieved by study of a lot of internal resources in a form of documents, documentation and also by study of a scientific literature and scientific topics published in Internet. Moreover there was needed to realize several interviews with employees, analyze all founded information and suggest a solution with regards to given conditions and restrictions. A contribution of this work is in a transparent elaboration of a given reengineering ́s problems, starting with methodics designed for reengineering, through tools used for modelling to solution of a practical task. This work also reveals a process management approach one of the top IT company effecting the international markets, also with description of methods and tools used to it ́s support.

Dieser Aufsatz ist auf der Grundlage des Vortrags entstanden, der auf der Auftaktveranstalung des Projektes "Arbeitslebensbegleitendes Lernen im Betrieb und mitarbeiterorientierte Förderung der Arbeitsfähigkeit" (ALBAf) am 01.04.2015 vom Autor gehalten wurde.

Dieser Aufsatz ist auf der Grundlage des Vortrags auf der GeNeMe Tagung des Medienzentrums an der Fakultät für Informatik der TUD am 01.10.2014 entstanden, welcher unter anderem als Wissenstransfer im Rahmen des Projektes „Arbeitslebensbegleitendes Lernen im Betrieb und mitarbeiterorientierte Förderung der Arbeitsfähigkeit“ (ALBAf) stattfand.

Scenario Planning as a tool for planning for the future has widespread use in the industry today and enjoys an envious status as the primary tool of futures thinking. However, the development in this field has been mired with confusion on its application and purpose. Since popularized by Shell in its use to anticipate the oil crisis in the 70s, scenario thinking has grown in use to aid public policy making, corporate strategic planning and even in the natural sciences. This paper attempts to study the scenario planning process design from a corporate perspective by studying its use in energy companies in Sweden. Energy companies present an ideal industry for this study as it is embroiled with obvious uncertainties in future power and carbon prices but also with subjective uncertainties tied to the political interest in the industry and the industry being in the centre of the climate change debate. Furthermore, the extremely long term nature of investment projects in this industry further exacerbates the need for deep insights into the future. This paper studies the nature of the scenario planning process based on two past papers; that have identified the key characteristics of scenarios. Firm specific internal factors are used to explain the differences in the process designs found in empirical data. Finally a framework to design a scenario planning process is proposed. This framework takes into account these internal factors to enable companies to leverage their internal resources and make full use of scenario planning as a tool.

Despite the apparent benefits of IoT systems, designing them is challenging due to many technical aspects that need to be considered and their mutual interference. The aspects of latency, longevity, and interoperability influence the usability of the final product. Such design and implementation processes are even more challenging to those not experienced in the IoT field, such as beginning designers or product managers. Here, the author investigates a decision support tool – the IoT Solution Advisor, which aims to help IoT beginners to create a model of IoT system and help them to match its requirements with a compatible technology stack. This publication describes the IoT Solution Advisor’s design process by gathering insights via interviews and Research through Design approach. Except for the prototype, the outcome from the study is the list of features and characteristics necessary to make the tool utilitarian and learnable. The project was conducted in cooperation with Ericsson company. / Trots de uppenbara fördelarna med IoT-system (Internet of Things) är det svårt att utforma dem på grund av många tekniska aspekter som måste övervägas och deras ömsesidiga interferens. Aspekterna av latens, livslängd och interoperabilitet påverkar slutproduktens användbarhet. Sådana design- och implementeringsprocesser är ännu mer utmanande för dem som inte har erfarenhet av IoT-fältet, till exempel nybörjare eller produktchefer. Denna studie undersöker ett beslutsstödverktyg - IoT Solution Advisor, som syftar till att hjälpa IoT-nybörjare att skapa en modell av IoT-system och hjälpa dem att matcha dess krav med en kompatibel teknikstack. Denna publikation beskriver IoT-lösningsrådgivarens designprocess genom att samla insikter via intervjuer och forskning genom design. Resultatet från studien är en lista över funktioner och egenskaper som är nödvändiga för att göra verktyget nyttigt och lärbart.

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Biomass to Liquids via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (BTL-FT) is regarded as one of the most promising routes for providing alternative solution to growing demand for energy and environmental protection. In Chapter I, the development and key issues of BTL-FT process (especially Fischer-Tropsch synthesis) were reviewed and identified. In Chapter II, Mo/HZSM-5 catalyst was synthesized using Incipient Wetness Impregnation method and tested in nitrogen rich model bio-syngas. Different operation parameters (temperature, pressure, and GHSV) were tested to investigate their influence on the catalytic performance. Those parameters were found to affect the performance significantly. Liquid samples from conversion were mainly composed of C8 to C10 range hydrocarbons. The catalyst characterization revealed that molybdenum species were well distributed on the catalyst support, while dealumination, agglomeration and coke deposition were observed in spent catalyst. The top layer of the spent catalyst had the most coke deposition. A Three-Dimensionally Ordered Macro-porous (3DOM) Fe based Fischer-Tropsch catalyst was developed using a facile in-situ Nitrate Oxidation-PMMA templating technique in Chapter III. Several techniques (including SEM, BET, TPR, HRTEM, XRD, XPS, and DRIFTS) were combined to characterize the morphology, textural properties and microstructures of 3DOM Fe catalysts at different stages. The effects of bio-syngas composition on carbonaceous species formation, iron phase transformation and catalytic performance were investigated and correlated. A novel hybrid bio-refinery process co-converting biomass and natural gas into liquid fuels via FTS with a CO2 recycle loop was developed, modeled and simulated by using Aspen Plus in Chapter IV. The Aspen Plus model utilized experimental data from the 3DOM Fe catalyst. Economic analysis was performed on different scenarios based on the simulation results to determine profitability of the process. Results indicated that 102.65 t/h gasoline and 22.93 t/h diesel can be produced with the co-processing of 100.00 t/h biomass and 112.3 t/h natural gas using 307.78 t/h of recycled CO2 in the process simulation. The carbon conversion rate was estimated to be 81.23% for the hybrid process. Economic analysis revealed that the process can be profitable when using at least 10.00 t/h biomass and 11.23 t/h natural gas.

Die Vergabe von Auszeichnung und Preisen hat eine lange Tradition im Design, einhergehend mit der Kritik nach Transparenz, Motivation oder Finanzierungsmodellen seitens der Einreichenden. Dennoch erleben wir in Bezug auf Nachhaltigkeit eine erneute Aktualität. Es sprechen vielfältige Gründe dafür, und nicht zuletzt geben die Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) nun einen Rahmen. Um global nachhaltige Strukturen zu schaffen, haben sich damit im Jahr 2015 die Mitgliedstaaten der Vereinten Nationen gemeinsame Ziele gesetzt, die in der Agenda 2030 für nachhaltige Entwicklung festgehalten sind. Diese 17 SDGs sind nicht originär der Designdisziplin zugeordnet, sondern als rahmengebend und zielsetzend für gestaltendes Handeln eines jeden zu verstehen. Einhergehend mit der Forderung nach nachhaltigem Handeln, bieten sie Kriterien, die gleiches messbar machen (sollen). Dass Design in dieser Transformation eine wesentliche Rolle spielen kann, ist kaum umstritten. Dabei geht es nicht nur um neue (oder auch wiederentdeckte) Lösungen, sondern auch um Kompetenzen und Methoden des Designs. Menschzentrierung, partizipative Prozessgestaltung und eine ganzheitliche, komplexe Lösungsentwicklung sind lediglich drei der vielfältigen Potenziale, die die Designdisziplin zu nachhaltiger Entwicklung beitragen kann. Die zahlreichen Beiträge der DGTF-Jahrestagung 2022 zum Thema ‚Design × Nachhaltigkeit‘ bilden genau dieses Spektrum ab, zeigen Hürden und er-öffnen neue, positive Perspektiven und machen Mut, diesen Weg weiter zu verfolgen.

With a growing concern of climate change due to increased levels of CO2 in the atmosphere, carbon sequestration has been suggested as a possible solution for climate change mitigation. Biochar,a highly carbonaceous product produced through pyrolysis, is considered a viable option due to its content of stable carbon. This work covers the investigation of the possibility to produce biocharfrom four different feedstocks, namely peat, straw, horse manure and sewage sludge. The study includes a literature study and a five-week trial period at a 500 kW pilot plant, PYREG 500, in Högdalen. The thermal behaviour of the feedstocks, including garden waste, was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The TGA results were used to decide the optimal pyrolysis temperature for peat and straw at the pilot plant. The TGA results showed that the feedstocks behave differently when pyrolysed; the mass loss rate as well as the final mass loss varied. Physiochemical characterisation of the biochar was completed and the results were in agreement with previous studies. The produced biochar from straw and two types of peat had a C content above50 wt.% (76.6, 80.7, 79.2 wt.%) and low molar ratios of H/C (0.33, 0.36, 0.38) and O/C (0.032,0.023, 0.024). The pH increased as a consequence of pyrolysis and the biochars were alkaline (pH10.1, 8.5, 8.3). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were found in biochar from both strawand peat (8.26, 1.03, 5.83 mg/kg). In general, nutrients and heavy metals were concentrated in the biochar, except for Cd which decreased and Hg which could not be determined. The specific surface area of biochar from straw was considered small (21 m2/g) while biochar from peat had a higher specific surface area with a greater span (102-247 m2/g). The properties of the produced biochar were compared to the criteria included in the European Biochar Certificate and some of them were fulfilled, including the content of C, PAH and heavy metals. A flue gas analysis was completed when operating the pilot plant on straw pellets and it was showed that several emissions were released, including NO2, SOX, HCl and particulates, however, solely the emissions of NO2 exceed the regulations which will be applied in 2020. Regarding process design of a future pyrolysis plant, it is suggested that the means of material transport, particle separation, temperature control and quenching of biochar should be improved.

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