The hydration reaction of tricalcium silicate and the various factors which influence it have been investigated using calorimetry, thermogravimetry, quantitative X-ray diffractometry, scanning and transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Various factors associated with the synthesis and subsequent storage of tricalcium silicate were found to alter its reactivity and it is thought that these may be responsible for much of the variability in the reported reactivity of tricalcium silicate preparations. The contribution of the individual factors (such as particle size distribution and impurity ion content) to such reactivity changes was investigated. Use of the Avrami equation to model the rate of heat output curves obtained by calorimetry was found to give good fits to the experimental data. Apparent activation energies of control and calcium chloride accelerated reactions were determined from the rate parameters derived from the fitting procedure. However, it is shown that the amount of mechanistic information which can be obtained from such a fitting procedure is limited. Observation of the detailed chemical and morphological changes occurring during the hydration of tricalcium silicate and the manner in which they are influenced by incorporation of calcium chloride (as a model accelerator) and sucrose (as a model retarder) show that during the later stages of hydration the chemistry of the reaction is not affected by the presence of the admixtures, but that their incorporation does cause some changes in the microstructure of the gel product.

Shale gas has become increasingly important to United States energy supply. During recent decades, the mechanisms of shale gas storage and transport were gradually recognized. Gas desorption was also realized and quantitatively described. Models and approaches special for estimating rate decline and recovery of shale gas wells were developed. As the strategy of the horizontal well with multiple transverse fractures (MTFHW) was discovered and its significance to economic shale gas production was understood, rate decline and pressure transient analysis models for this type of well were developed to reveal the well behavior. In this thesis, we considered a “Triple-porosity/Dual-permeability” model and performed sensitivity studies to understand long term pressure drawdown behavior of MTFHWs. A key observation from this study is that the early linear flow regime before interfracture interference gives a relationship between summed fracture half-length and permeability, from which we can estimate either when the other is known. We studied the impact of gas desorption on the time when the pressure perturbation caused by production from adjacent transference fractures (fracture interference time) and programmed an empirical method to calculate a time shift that can be used to qualify the gas desorption impact on long term production behavior. We focused on the field case Well A in New Albany Shale. We estimated the EUR for 33 wells, including Well A, using an existing analysis approach. We applied a unified BU-RNP method to process the one-year production/pressure transient data and performed PTA to the resulting virtual constant-rate pressure drawdown. Production analysis was performed meanwhile. Diagnosis plots for PTA and RNP analysis revealed that only the early linear flow regime was visible in the data, and permeability was estimated both from a model match and from the relationship between fracture halflength and permeability. Considering gas desorption, the fracture interference will occur only after several centuries. Based on this result, we recommend a well design strategy to increase the gas recovery factor by decreasing the facture spacing. The higher EUR of Well A compared to the vertical wells encourages drilling more MTFHWs in New Albany Shale.

Water production is a challenge in production operations because it is generally costly to produce, treat, and it can hamper hydrocarbon production. This is especially true for gas wells in unconventional reservoirs like shale because the relatively low gas rates increase the economic impact of water handling costs. Therefore, we have considered the following questions regarding water production from shale gas wells: (1) What is the effect of water production on gas production? (2) What are the different water producing mechanisms? and (3) What is the water production potential of a new well in a given gas shale province. The first question was answered by reviewing relevant literature, highlighting observed deficiencies in previous approaches, and making recommendations for future work. The second question was answered using a spreadsheet based Water-Gas-Ratio analysis tool while the third question was investigated by using artificial neural networks (ANN) to decipher the relationship between completion, fracturing, and water production data. We will consequently use the defined relationship to predict the average water production for a new well drilled in the Barnett Shale. This study also derived additional insight into the production trends in the Barnett shale using standard statistical methods. The following conclusions were reached at the end of the study: 1) The observation that water production does not have long term deleterious effect on gas production from fractured wells in tight gas sands cannot be directly extended to fractured wells in gas shales because the two reservoir types do not have analogous production mechanisms. 2) Based on average operating conditions of well in the Barnett Shale, liquid loading was found to be an important phenomenon; especially for vertical wells. 3) A neural network was successfully used to predict average water production potential from a well drilled in the Barnett shale. Similar methodology can be used to predict average gas production potential. Results from this work can be utilized to mitigate risk of water problems in new Barnett Shale wells and predict water issues in other shale plays. Engineers will be provided a tool to predict potential for water production in new wells.

Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Genetic selection for high milk production, type and appearance for the last 50 years has suppressed secondary traits such as reproductive performance, productive life, health and survivability in the pure milk breeds. The economic importance of these secondary traits in dairy production systems is the basis for the interest seen in crossbreeding. The problem of growth rate of heifers, cow fertility, reduced disease resistance and small body frame for beef production in Jerseys can be improved by crossing Jerseys with dual purpose breeds, such as Fleckviehs which possess a more beef potential. Against this background, this study aimed at comparing the production and reproduction of Jersey and Fleckvieh × Jersey cows in a pasture-based system. Milk recording was done according to standard milk recording procedures. Milk production (milk, fat, and protein yield) was adjusted to 305 days of lactation and corrected for age at calving. Effects of breed, parity, month and year were estimated for milk, fat and protein yield as well as fat and protein percentage using general linear models procedure. The fixed effects identified as having significant effects on milk, fat and protein yield were breed, parity and year. F×J cows produced significantly more milk than J cows (6141 ± 102 vs. 5398 ± 95 kg milk). Protein and fat yield were significantly higher in F×J (201 ± 3 and 272 ± 4 kg, respectively) than in J cows (194 ± 2 and 246 ± 3 kg, respectively). There percentages of fat and protein differed slightly between the two breeds with the Jersey recording slightly higher percentages (4.61 ± 0.04 and 3.62 ± 0.03 %, respectively) compared to the F×J cows’ percentages, which were, respectively, 4.47 ± 0.04 and 3.51 ± 0.03 %. It was concluded that F×J crossbred cows were more productive than purebred J cows probably owing to heterotic effects. Heifers were inseminated at 13 months of age and cows 40 days post-calving. Using insemination records and pregnancy check results, fertility traits were analyzed and compared between the two breeds, using analysis of variance for continuous records. Conception age was the same for both breeds resulting in a similar age at first calving. For cows, the interval from calving to first insemination was significantly shorter (P <0.001) in crossbred cows being 76.7 ± 2.2 days compared to 82.4 ± 2.5 days for purebreds. A larger proportion (P < 0.001) of 0.70 for crossbred cows was inseminated within 80 days after calving compared to 0.54 for J cows. Although the absolute number of days between calving and conception (DO) was lower for F×J cows in comparison to J cows (104.8 ± 6.8 vs. 114.8 ± 8.1days, respectively), the difference was not significant. However, the proportion of F×J cows confirmed pregnant by 100 days in milk was 0.79, which was higher (P < 0.001) than the 0.66 for J cows. Results indicate the potential of improving reproductive performance of J cows through crossing with dual-purpose breeds. The beef production of purebred J and Fleckvieh x Jersey (F×J) bull calves was compared, where bull calves were reared similarly for veal, i.e. carcass weight not exceeding 100 kg, or as steers for beef to 21 months of age. In both the veal and steer production systems, the mean birth weight were higher (P < 0.001) for crossbred in comparison to J calves and steers (33.5 ± 1.2 kg vs. 27.9 ± 1.2 kg for veal) and (33.4 ± 0.9 kg vs. 26.9 ± 0.9 kg for steers) respectively. The live weight at 6 months of age was 163.5 ± 3.9 kg for J bull calves, which was lower (P < 0.001) than that for F×J bull calves (180.6 ± 4.0 kg). The F×J bull calves had a significantly higher average daily gain (ADG) of 0.82 ± 0.02 kg/day compared to 0.73 ± 0.02 kg/day for J bulls. Marketing age differed (P < 0.001) in the veal production system with F×J and J bull calves marketed at 7.1 ± 0.1 and 6.3 ± 0.1 months, respectively. End live weight at 21 months of age was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in F×J bulls (441.4 ± 14.9 kg) than the 322.6 ± 13.4 kg in J bulls; while ADG differed (P < 0.001) between the two breeds being 0.64 ± 0.02 and 0.46 ± 0.0 kg/day in F×J and J bull calves, respectively. Crossbred steers had a significantly higher carcass of 206.5 ± 8.9 kg compared to 157.9 ± 8.6 kg for J steers. Results indicate the potential of improving beef production characteristics of the J cattle through crossbreeding. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Genetiese seleksie vir hoë melkproduksie, tipe en voorkoms die afgelope 50 jaar het sekondêre eienskappe soos reproduksie, produktiewe lewe, gesondheid en oorlewing onderdruk in die suiwer melk rasse. Die ekonomiese belangrikheid van hierdie sekondêre eienskappe in melkproduksie stelsels is die basis vir kruisteling. Probleme soos groei tempo van verse, koei vrugbaarheid, verlaagde weerstandbiedenheid teen siektes en klein liggaam raam vir vleisproduksie in Jerseys kan verbeter word deur die kruising van Jerseys met ' n dubbele doel rasse, soos Fleckviehs wat beskik oor beter vleis potensiaal. Teen hierdie agtergrond, is hierdie studie daarop gemik om produksie en reproduksie van Jersey en Fleckvieh x Jersey koeie in 'n weiveld - gebaseerde stelsel te vergelyk. Melk opname is gedoen volgens standaard melkaantekening prosedures. Melkproduksie (melk-, veten proteïen opbrengs) was aangepas vir 305 dae van laktasie en gekorrigeer vir kalf ouderdom. ‘n Algemene lineêre model was gebruik om die effekte van ras, pariteit , maand en jaar op melk-, vet- en proteïen opbrengs sowel as vet- en proteïen persentasie te bepaal. Die vaste effekte geïdentifiseer met 'n beduidende effek op melk-, vet- en proteïen opbrengs was ras, pariteit en jaar. F × J koeie het aansienlik meer melk as J koeie (6141 ± 102 teen 5398 ± 95 kg melk) produseer . Vet opbrengs was aansienlik hoër in F × J koeie as in J koeie (272 ± 4 246 teen ± 3 kg vet). Proteïen opbrengs was ook aansienlik hoër in F × J koeie as J koeie (201 ± 3 vs 194 ± 2 kg proteïen). Vet en proteïen persentasies het geneig om effens te verskil met 'n klein effek (4.61 ± 0.04 % vet en 3.62 ± 0.03 % proteïen) vir J koeie en (4.47 ± 0.04 % vet en 3.51 ± 0.03 % proteïen) vir F × J koeie. Daar is tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat F × J gekruisde koeie kan meer produktief wees as suiwer J koeie weens heterotiese effekte. Verse kunsmatig geïnsemineer was op 13 maande ouderdom en koeie 40 dae na- kalwing aangehou was. Met behulp van bevrugting en swangerskap rekords, is vrugbaarheid eienskappe ontleed en vergelyk tussen die twee rasse, met behulp van ontleding van variansie vir deurlopende rekords. Ouderdom van bevrugting was dieselfde vir beide rasse wat in 'n soortgelyke ouderdomsgroep was by eerste kalwing. Vir koeie was die interval van kalf tot eerste inseminasie aansienlik korter (P < 0.001) vir kruisgeteelde koeie wat 76.7 ± 2.2 dae in vergelyking met 82.4 ± 2.5 dae suiwerrasse is. ‘n Groter proporsie ( P < 0.001) van 0.70 vir gekruisteelde koeie is binne 80 dae na kalwing geïnsemineer in vergelyking met 0.54 vir J koeie. Alhoewel die absolute aantal dae tussen kalwing en opvatting (DO) laer was vir F × J koeie in vergelyking met J koeie (104.8 ± 6.8 teen 114.8 ± 8.1dae, onderskeidelik), is die verskil nie betekenisvol nie. Maar die verhouding van F × J koeie wat swanger bevestig is met 100 dae in melk was 0.79, wat hoër was (P < 0.001) is as die 0.66 vir J koeie. Resultate dui daarop dat daar potensiaal is reproduktiewe prestasie te verbeter van J koeie deur kruisteling met 'n dubbel- doel rasse. Die vleisproduksie van suiwer J en Fleckvieh x Jersey (F × J) bulkalwers vergelyk. Die bul kalwers is soortgelyk grootgemaak vir kalfsvleis, d.w.s karkas gewig mag nie 100 kg oorskry as bulkalwers nie, en as osse vir vleis tot 21 maande oud. In die kalwers- en os produksie stelsels, was die gemiddelde geboorte gewig hoër (P < 0.001) vir die kruise in vergelyking met J kalwers en osse (33.5 ± 1.2 kg teen 27.9 ± 1.2 kg vir kalwers) en (33.4 ± 0.9 kg vs . 26.9 ± 0.9 kg vir osse) onderskeidelik . Die lewendige gewig op 6 maande ouderdom was 163.5 ± 3.9 kg vir J bulkalwers en was hoër (P < 0.001) vir F × J bulkalwers 180.6 ± 4.0 kg. Die F × J bul kalwers het 'n aansienlik ‘n hoër gemiddelde daaglikse toename (GDT) van 0.82 ± 0.02 kg/dag in vergelyking met 0.73 ± 0.02 kg/dag vir J bulle. Bemarkingsouderdom verskil (P < 0.001) in die kalf produksie stelsel met F × J en J bulkalwers bemark op 7.1 ± 0.1 en 6.3 ± 0.1 maande , onderskeidelik. Finale lewendige gewig van 21 maande oud was aansienlik hoër 441.4 ± 14.9 kg in F × J bulle as 322.6 ± 13.4 kg in J bulle , terwyl GDT hoër was (P < 0.001), met 0.64 ± 0.02 kg/dag en 0.46 ± 0.0 kg/dag in F × J en J bulkalwers, onderskeidelik. Gekruisde osse het 'n aansienlik hoër karkasgewig 206.5 ± 8.9 kg in vergelyking met 157.9 ± 8.6 kg van J osse. Resultate dui daarop dat daar potensiaal is om die beesvleis produksie-eienskappe van die J beeste te verbeter d.m.v. kruisteling.

This diplom thesis deals with iprovement of serial production quality in a company. The first chapter is devoted to literature research. The second is devoted to definition of product quality. The third part is focused on production process analysis. The fourth part deals with analysis of internal scrap and customer claims. The fifth part is focused on risk areas based on previous analysis. The final part includes corrective measures and preventitive actions and their financial assesment.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T19:25:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriana Maria Meneghetti.pdf: 723411 bytes, checksum: fc151b405deaed517334646d5726cad4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-11-28 / This research aimed on evaluating the growth and production of corn (Zea mays L.) in order to obtain the baby corn, which was submitted to the variation of four different depth irrigations, recorded from the culture s evapotranspiration, based on the class A, and applied when the evapotranspiration reached these following accumulated values: T1-15 mm, T2- 30 mm, T3- 45 mm e T4- 60 mm. The statistical model was outlinement completely with four treatments and five replications. Results were submitted to the statistical analysis, by the Sisvar program (FERREIRA 2000). The analysis of variance and the averages from the treatments were also recorded, as well as compared considering 5 % of probability according to the Tukey test and regression analysis. The experimental plots had about 8 m of length; the plants were separated by 0.080m among themselves and 0.70 m by rows, totalizing 100 plots to each plot. The features regarding the growth during the culture s cycle were: plant height (PE), foliar area (FA), leaf number (LN), foliar area index (FAI). Some other features were analyzed regarding the production analysis as: number of ear by plant (NEP), height of insertion of the first ear (HIFE), length of the ear with and without straw (LEWOS), diameter of the ear with and without straw (DEWOS), mass of the ear with and without straw (MEWOS), number of the row of grains by ear (NRGE) and number of ear, accomplishing 360 g. There were significant differences on production results regarding data of growing of foliar area and foliar area index. Significant differences had been also observed in the production of HIFE and LEWOS, and DEWOS, MEWOS and MEWOS, NRGE and number of ear that accomplishes 360 g. There was an increase in the depth irrigation and also in the application frequency, which implied in greater values of foliar area, as well as in the foliar area index, number of ear by plant, height of insertion of the first ear, number of row of grains by ear and number of ear, accomplishing 360 g, but also lower values for height, leaf number and length, diameter and ear s mass, with and without straw. The Best commercial results were recorded with T1 15 mm, when using 18 % of ear. The scheduling irrigation for baby corn must be carried out with application when the crop evapotranspiration indicates 15 mm and 30 mm accumulated values. It could also be understood with this trial that greater values cause reduction on productivity. / O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento e produção de milho (Zea mays L.) para obtenção de minimilho. As parcelas em análise foram submetidas) a quatro lâminas de irrigação determinadas a partir da evapotranspiração da cultura, baseadas no tanque classe A e aplicadas quando a evapotranspiração atingia os valores acumulados: T1-15 mm, T2-30 mm, T3-45 mm e T4-60 mm. O modelo estatístico utilizado foi em parcelas subdivididas com quatro tratamentos e cinco repetições. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística, pelo programa Sisvar (FERREIRA, 2000). Determinou-se a análise de variância e as médias dos tratamentos foram comparadas em nível de 5 % de probabilidade pelo teste de Tukey e pela análise de regressão. As parcelas experimentais possuíam comprimento de 8 m, compostas por plantas separadas entre si por 0,080 m e 0,70 m entre linhas, com um total de 100 plantas por parcela. As características para a análise de crescimento foram: estatura da planta (EP), número de folhas (NF), área foliar (AF), índice de área foliar (IAF). Para a análise de produção foram analisadas: número de espigas por planta (NE), estatura de inserção da primeira espiga (EI), comprimento da espiga com palha (CECP), comprimento da espiga sem palha (CESP), diâmetro da espiga com palha (DECP), diâmetro da espiga sem palha (DESP), massa da espiga com palha (MECP), massa da espiga sem palha (MESP), número de fileira de grãos por espiga (NF E-1) e número de espigas que perfazem 360 g. Houve diferenças significativas para os dados de crescimento nos valores de área foliar e índice de área foliar. Também foram observadas diferenças significativas nos resultados de produção para estatura de inserção da primeira espiga, comprimento da espiga com e sem palha, diâmetro da espiga com e sem palha, massa da espiga com e sem palha, número de fileiras de grãos por espiga e número de espigas que perfazem 360 g. Um aumento nas lâminas de irrigação e na freqüência de aplicação implicou em maiores valores de área foliar e índice de área foliar, número de espigas, estatura de inserção da espiga, número de fileira de grãos por espiga e o número de espigas em 360 g, e menores valores para estatura, número de folhas e comprimento, diâmetro e massa da espiga com e sem palha. Os melhores resultados comerciais obtidos foram com o T1-15 mm, cujo aproveitamento foi de 18 % das espiguetas. O manejo da irrigação do minimilho deve ser realizado com aplicação quando a evapotranspiração da cultura indicar valores acumulados de 15 mm a 30 mm. Valores maiores ocasionam redução na produtividade.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-12T14:48:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriana Maria Meneghetti.pdf: 723411 bytes, checksum: fc151b405deaed517334646d5726cad4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-11-28 / This research aimed on evaluating the growth and production of corn (Zea mays L.) in order to obtain the baby corn, which was submitted to the variation of four different depth irrigations, recorded from the culture s evapotranspiration, based on the class A, and applied when the evapotranspiration reached these following accumulated values: T1-15 mm, T2- 30 mm, T3- 45 mm e T4- 60 mm. The statistical model was outlinement completely with four treatments and five replications. Results were submitted to the statistical analysis, by the Sisvar program (FERREIRA 2000). The analysis of variance and the averages from the treatments were also recorded, as well as compared considering 5 % of probability according to the Tukey test and regression analysis. The experimental plots had about 8 m of length; the plants were separated by 0.080m among themselves and 0.70 m by rows, totalizing 100 plots to each plot. The features regarding the growth during the culture s cycle were: plant height (PE), foliar area (FA), leaf number (LN), foliar area index (FAI). Some other features were analyzed regarding the production analysis as: number of ear by plant (NEP), height of insertion of the first ear (HIFE), length of the ear with and without straw (LEWOS), diameter of the ear with and without straw (DEWOS), mass of the ear with and without straw (MEWOS), number of the row of grains by ear (NRGE) and number of ear, accomplishing 360 g. There were significant differences on production results regarding data of growing of foliar area and foliar area index. Significant differences had been also observed in the production of HIFE and LEWOS, and DEWOS, MEWOS and MEWOS, NRGE and number of ear that accomplishes 360 g. There was an increase in the depth irrigation and also in the application frequency, which implied in greater values of foliar area, as well as in the foliar area index, number of ear by plant, height of insertion of the first ear, number of row of grains by ear and number of ear, accomplishing 360 g, but also lower values for height, leaf number and length, diameter and ear s mass, with and without straw. The Best commercial results were recorded with T1 15 mm, when using 18 % of ear. The scheduling irrigation for baby corn must be carried out with application when the crop evapotranspiration indicates 15 mm and 30 mm accumulated values. It could also be understood with this trial that greater values cause reduction on productivity. / O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento e produção de milho (Zea mays L.) para obtenção de minimilho. As parcelas em análise foram submetidas) a quatro lâminas de irrigação determinadas a partir da evapotranspiração da cultura, baseadas no tanque classe A e aplicadas quando a evapotranspiração atingia os valores acumulados: T1-15 mm, T2-30 mm, T3-45 mm e T4-60 mm. O modelo estatístico utilizado foi em parcelas subdivididas com quatro tratamentos e cinco repetições. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística, pelo programa Sisvar (FERREIRA, 2000). Determinou-se a análise de variância e as médias dos tratamentos foram comparadas em nível de 5 % de probabilidade pelo teste de Tukey e pela análise de regressão. As parcelas experimentais possuíam comprimento de 8 m, compostas por plantas separadas entre si por 0,080 m e 0,70 m entre linhas, com um total de 100 plantas por parcela. As características para a análise de crescimento foram: estatura da planta (EP), número de folhas (NF), área foliar (AF), índice de área foliar (IAF). Para a análise de produção foram analisadas: número de espigas por planta (NE), estatura de inserção da primeira espiga (EI), comprimento da espiga com palha (CECP), comprimento da espiga sem palha (CESP), diâmetro da espiga com palha (DECP), diâmetro da espiga sem palha (DESP), massa da espiga com palha (MECP), massa da espiga sem palha (MESP), número de fileira de grãos por espiga (NF E-1) e número de espigas que perfazem 360 g. Houve diferenças significativas para os dados de crescimento nos valores de área foliar e índice de área foliar. Também foram observadas diferenças significativas nos resultados de produção para estatura de inserção da primeira espiga, comprimento da espiga com e sem palha, diâmetro da espiga com e sem palha, massa da espiga com e sem palha, número de fileiras de grãos por espiga e número de espigas que perfazem 360 g. Um aumento nas lâminas de irrigação e na freqüência de aplicação implicou em maiores valores de área foliar e índice de área foliar, número de espigas, estatura de inserção da espiga, número de fileira de grãos por espiga e o número de espigas em 360 g, e menores valores para estatura, número de folhas e comprimento, diâmetro e massa da espiga com e sem palha. Os melhores resultados comerciais obtidos foram com o T1-15 mm, cujo aproveitamento foi de 18 % das espiguetas. O manejo da irrigação do minimilho deve ser realizado com aplicação quando a evapotranspiração da cultura indicar valores acumulados de 15 mm a 30 mm. Valores maiores ocasionam redução na produtividade.

The theoretical section of the thesis Comparison of the misanthropic Show Jana Krause and the philanthropic Mark Eben's show Na plovárně aims to characterize the talk show genre both abroad and in the Czech Republic. It briefly outlines the development of the genre and its arrival in the Czech television stations. It also gives a definition of a presenter, describes the ways of communication, construction of the interviews with the guests, their selection, introduces Jan Kraus and Marek Eben and characterises both talk shows - Na Plovárně and Show Jana Krause. The practical section deals with an analysis of production in which interviews with representatives of both production teams are analysed. A qualitative analysis aims to answer the question: "How do the philanthropic and misanthropic concepts of the talk show differ, from the perspective of content and production intentions?" The conclusion contains a summary of the collected data.

[pt] Esta dissertação trata da análise e projeto de um sistema de planejamento e controle da produção para uma linha de fabricação de raios e niples para motocicletas, visando garantir um nível de atendimento desejado, melhor utilização das instalações, com baixo investimento em estoques. Utilizou-se uma metodologia investigativa para se conhecer os seis principais elementos que influenciam o projeto de um sistema de planejamento e controle da produção: o produto; o processo e as instalações; a demanda; o mercado; a estratégia competitiva e o desempenho do sistema atual. Identificou- se nesta análise que dois problemas principais causam o baixo desempenho do sistema atual de planejamento e controle da produção, são eles: (a) o dimensionamento dos lotes de fabricação e (b) a sincronia entre as etapas produtivas. Para resolver o primeiro problema, a dificuldade para determinar o custo de preparação foi contornada determinando-se tamanhos de lotes tais que, estando nas proporções ótimas, resultem num investimento total em estoque de ciclo igual a uma meta determinada por considerações gerenciais. Para o problema de sincronia entre as etapas produtivas propôs-se a utilização dos conceitos do MRP II e um planejamento agregado que garanta a viabilidade do plano de materiais e serviços necessários para a produção. Foi também sugerido um controle JIT para os produtos de demanda mais substancial e estável. / [en] This thesis addresses the analysis and design of a production planning and scheduling system for motorcycle-spokes and nipples production lines, with the objective of ensuring a desired customer service level, coupled with high utilization of the facilities and low investment in stocks. The investigative methodology used took into account the six key elements that influence the project of a production planning and scheduling system, namely: the product, the manufacturing facilities, the sales, the market, the competitive strategy and the actual system performance. The analysis identified two main problems that caused the low performance of the current production planning and scheduling system, they are: (a) the production lot size and (b) the synchronism among the manufacturing stages. In solving the first problem, the difficult determination of setup cost was circumvented by setting lot sizes such that they are in optimal proportions and the resulting total investment in cycle stock equals a goal set through managerial considerations. For the synchronization among manufacturing stages, it was suggested to use MRP II concepts, and an aggregate production planning to assure the materials and services required for production. It was also suggested the use of JIT for controlling products with more substantial and stable demand.

No description available.