This thesis focuses on a sphere of contemporary anarchism in which the ideas of the Situationists have found influence. It foregrounds the oppositional impulse underpinning the lived worlds of these milieux, and the symbolic representations used in their aims, ideals and responses to the realities they confront. One of the key sources of primary evidence will therefore be independently published texts. Writing and publishing are important interventions in the activities which constitute the broader anarchist movement, forming an essential background to the post-Situationist interventions, mainly periodicals, which are the main focus of the thesis. The Situationists, a group of radicals active, in the 1950s and 1960s, who developed a critique of everyday life, of commodity culture and of hierarchy and power, form the central theme connecting the range of interventions explored. The discussion includes a consideration of May 68, in which the Situationists participated, and the wall writing of May 68, which reflects the Situationist influence and which expresses an alternative reality and reclaimed public space. The Situationists, and May 68, form the focus of two other themes. Firstly, the past as a repository of ideas, transmitting the means of an oppositional impulse over time. Secondly, the way in which a sense of community is constituted not just synchronically but diachronically. Another key argument is that the 'oppositional impulse' arises not only through rational, intellectual and cognitive thought, but also on an emotional level - as a response to and reaction against the system. Situationist texts are analysed for their power, through lyrical poetic writing, in evoking a critical response to everyday life. The thesis selects post-Situationist periodicals and interventions, 1980s-1990s, and explores their histories, those involved in their production, the use of the past as a repository of ideas, inspirations and influences, and the debates that emerge through such interventions. The thesis aims to evoke and convey, with richness and texture, the ideas and critical perspectives of the milieux and interventions explored. It aims, through an explication of Situationist and post-Situationist anarchistic ideas, combined with ethnographic descriptions derived through 'observant participation', to capture something of the ethos of the lived worlds of the spheres discussed It is argued that these elements tend to be overlooked in 'new social movement' (NSM) accounts of oppositional currents. A range of anthropological literature is also evaluated to clarify the perspectives informing this thesis, which aims for an egalitarian research method.

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Radicals are potential building blocks to prepare conductive and magnetic materials. In order to achieve high conductivity, materials displaying a large bandwidth W and a low on-site Coulomb repulsion energy U must be generated. Semiquinone-bridged bis-1,2,3-dithiazolyl radicals (R = Cl, Ph, Me and the MeCN adduct of R = Cl) represent a new family of resonance stabilized neutral radical for use in the design of single-component conductive materials were prepared and fully characterized. In solid state these radicals remain as unassociated (monomers) in the solid state and typically form superimposed alternating π-stacks or slipped π-stacks, arranged in several different space groups. The predominate intermolecular interactions are S•••N′ and / or S•••O′ contacts, which increase the dimensionality from one dimensional π-stacked systems (i.e., poor lateral overlap) to two dimensional systems in the solid state. Thus the semiquinone-bridged bis-dithiazolyl radicals exhibit a significant decrease in activation energy (ca. 0.1 – 0.2 eV) and the conductivity is two to three orders of magnitude (ca. σ ≈ 1E-5 – 1E-2 S / cm) higher in comparison to the previously reported pyridine based systems. This high conductivity is attributed to the low on-site Coulomb repulsion energies (U) which were estimated from the solution cell potentials (EPC) obtained from CV measurements and improved bandwidth (W) from the S•••N′ and / or S•••O′ interactions. Furthermore, the all sulphur containing semiquinone-bridged bis-dithiazolyls have the lowest activation energies and the highest conductivity under ambient conditions compared with other all sulfur nitrogen based radicals known to date. The semiquinone-bridged bis-dithiazolyl (R = Cl) orderes as spin-canted antiferromagnets, TN = 8 K, and displayed large coercivity (80 Oe). The ZFC-FC measurement at low field (i.e., H = 100 Oe) established the phase transition temperatures and the spontaneous magnetization was used to estimate the spin canting angles (~ 0.14°). In the case of R = Ph, the antiparallel alignment of the ferromagnetic coupled chains leads to a spin-canted antiferromagnet (TN = 4.5 K), which undergo a unique field induced spin flop transition. The MeCN solvated of R = Cl behaves as a simple paramagnet at room temperature with bulk antiferromagnetic interactions, but no observed magnetic ordering from 2-300 K.

Radical Chinese 商業企畫書-推廣精進傳統漢字 / RADICAL CHINESE – MASTERING TRADITIONAL HANZI By (Nels J. Nelson) Learning the Traditional Chinese Character set gives one a deeper appreciation of the beauty and spirit of the Chinese culture. Traditional Chinese characters help preserve the history of the Chinese written art. The ability to share and increase the use and learning of Chinese Traditional characters is the focus of my proposed business plan. Chinese is a difficult language to learn and as a beginner looking at a typical Chinese Character you are bound to get frustrated because there is no reference to learning. Imagine if you could study a Chinese Character once, and from that time on always be able to recognize it, write it, pronounce it, and remember its meaning. The goal of Radical Chinese is to achieve such an outcome. Radical Chinese will provide a more structured and efficient way of learning the Traditional Chinese Character set. Radical Chinese will give everyone with a computer or mobile device a practical approach to learning to write, read, and pronounce the Traditional Chinese Character set.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--McMaster University, 2005. / Supervisor: Shiping Zhu. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--McMaster University, 2005. / Supervisor: Shiping Zhu. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston University

The tributyltin hydride/AIBN combination used to mediate radical cyclisations has become a common protocol in organic chemistry. This system which allows good substrate flexibility is a useful complement to ionic annulation reactions. However, the tin residues are highly toxic and difficult to separate from reaction mixtures. In this project, alternatives to tin have been used with varying success and a SPOS approach was adopted to minimise the problems associated with tin. Acyl radical addition to 2- and 3-substituted electron deficient pyrroles was used to construct a variety of interesting bicyclic compounds including pyrrolizine alkaloids nordanaidone and hydroxydanaidol. Acyl radical reduction was retarded by slow syringe-pump addition of tributyltin hydride in cyclohexane to the acyl selenide and AIBN in acetonitrile as a two-phase solvent system. Carbon monoxide saturation of the reaction vessel and solution was also necessary to inhibit decarbonylation in slow cyclisations.