[pt] A preocupação ambiental do ponto de visto hídrico tem sido abordada com alto grau de importância nos últimos anos. No Brasil, o Estado do Rio de Janeiro (ERJ) possuí legislação estadual própria que permite aplicar limites de Faixas Marginais de Proteção inferiores à área mínima prevista no Código Florestal Brasileiro, contanto que se trate de uma área urbana consolidada (Decreto número 42.356/2010). Nesse sentido o trecho 2 do rio Piabanha, inserido no município de Petrópolis, foi escolhido como palco para identificar e quantificar as mudanças legais e paisagísticas que legislação ambiental promoveu ao longo do tempo. Por meio de Geoprocessamento e Sensoriamento Remoto foi possível identificar as mudanças de padrão de Uso e Cobertura das áreas que integram as Faixas Marginais de Proteção do rio Piabanha/RJ (trecho 2) ao longo de três marcos temporais (2006/2009, 2015, 2021). O resultado aponta, em 2021, a área da FMP (103,9 hectares) apresentou 52,7 por cento de seu total equivalente à classe de construção, foram exploradas estatísticas quanto à mudança paisagística das classes de uso e cobertura entre o período inicial de 2006/2009 e o período final 2021. Foram apontados aspectos naturais da dinâmica de erosão e deposição do rio que influenciam diretamente na legislação ambiental modificando parâmetros da própria delimitação das Faixas Marginais de Proteção. Por fim é gerada uma discussão de meios e estratégias que podem corroborar com a abordagem do poder público e privado em relação à área protegida permanente do município de Petrópolis. / [en] From a governmental point of view, discussions involving preservation areas in regions close to watercourses began by Emperor Dom Pedro II in the Tijuca Forest in Rio de Janeiro city, created in 1861, aimed at reversing results from deforestation and coffee plantations in Tijuca s Massif (CARVALHO, 2007). This fact supports that even before the creation of specific legislation focused on the environmental agenda, there was already an understanding by Brazilian and Portuguese managers about the role of native vegetation in maintaining water resources, especially at their origin - the springs or so called eyes of water . After the turn of the century, another related legislative fact was promulgated, Decree No. 4,421 of December 28, 1921 (BRAZIL, Decree No. 4,421), which did not specifically mention Riparian Areas Protection Regulation (RAPR), but wrote on protected areas in general, as a guarantee of balance, purity and abundance of water resources. Futher ahead, in 1934, the next historical milestone in which the Brazilian government presided over by President Getúlio Vargas drafted the first Forest Code (IPEA, 2016). The main objective of this document was limited to the management, restriction and punishment of interventions on water bodies, and in 1965 this code was edited in detail through Law 4,771/65 (BRASIL, 1965), which defined the surroundings of rivers and their springs as permanent preservation areas. In June 2000, the National System of Conservation Units was created through Law No. 9,985, where a complement to the objectives linked to the preservation of water courses was discussed, and at that moment the legislation began to establish more clearly rights and duties to be followed by municipalities and states and, along with this, protection tools, guidelines for the use of different ecosystems, rules for controlling activities and criteria for determining different categories of Conservation Units (BRAZIL, 2000). 9 Further on, in the State of Rio de Janeiro, environmental legislation gained another highlight in its timeline, this time in 2010, where State Decree 42.356 was promulgated (RIO DE JANEIRO, 2010), defining RAPR parameters for areas bordering rivers, lakes and lagoons due to the existence of a consolidated urban area. This decree is seen with spotlight and close attention by this dissertation.

The aim of my master’s thesis is a system for control of the light intensity. It is electronic equipment which controls the intensity of the light circuits based on settings and input signals. This equipment could work on single-phase systems or multiphase systems. The equipment is controlled by the signal DMX-512 which is a standard for the control of lighting technologies. The set up of this equipment is based on a personal computer or in a limited form by a small connected display.