As crenças conjugais podem ser entendidas como um conjunto de ideias acerca de como o casamento e o cônjuge devem ser. Observa-se que os padrões de crenças mantidos em relação ao casamento interferem na qualidade conjugal, de modo que crenças realistas estariam vinculadas a relações mais satisfatórias e crenças irrealistas estariam associadas à insatisfação com o casamento. Assim, evidencia-se a importância de conhecer quais os estilos de crenças mantidos no casamento, o que traz à tona a questão da avaliação. Em âmbito internacional foram identificados alguns instrumentos criados e validados para a avaliação de elementos cognitivos influentes nas relações entre casais. Todavia, no cenário nacional verificou-se a ausência de instrumentos sobre crenças no casamento construídos e validados para a população brasileira. Dessa lacuna metodológica surgiu o interesse de criar um instrumento de avaliação das crenças no casamento. Desse modo, o presente estudo objetivou a construção e a validação da Escala de Crenças Conjugais (ECC). Para tanto, esta pesquisa foi composta por dois estudos: 1) Estudo I Construção da Escala de Crenças Conjugais (ECC); 2) Estudo II Validação da Escala de Crenças Conjugais (ECC). O Estudo I correspondeu à criação da ECC, com a realização de entrevistas e pesquisa na literatura para obtenção das crenças mais comuns sobre o casamento, seguida pela avaliação da validade de conteúdo dos itens da ECC. Desse primeiro estudo, resultou uma versão da ECC composta por 33 itens, dentre crenças conjugais realistas e irrealistas. O Estudo II correspondeu à validação de construto da ECC. Para tanto a versão da escala resultante do Estudo I foi aplicada numa amostra de 333 participantes, com escolaridade a partir do ensino fundamental completo, dentre homens e mulheres, solteiros e casados. Para verificar a validade de construto da ECC foram realizados testes de análise fatorial (AF), em que o método escolhido para este estudo foi o método de máxima verossimilhança com rotação quartimax. Os resultados da AF revelaram a existência de dois Fatores para a ECC identificados como Comunicação Interpessoal e Compromisso (CIC) e Papéis Sociais (PS). Após a obtenção dos Fatores foi realizada a análise da consistência interna de cada Fator por meio do cálculo do coeficiente alfa de Cronbach (α), em que constatou-se que ambos os Fatores apresentaram níveis satisfatórios de confiabilidade: CIC (α = 0,81) e PS (α = 0,70). Testes adicionais acerca de eventuais contrastes nos resultados de acordo com as características da amostra também foram realizados, por meio do Teste t de Student, verificando-se que na amostra deste estudo, os indivíduos mais jovens apresentaram níveis mais elevados no Fator 2 (PS), os indivíduos que haviam concluído um curso superior possuíam níveis mais elevados no Fator 1 (CIC) e os indivíduos solteiros apresentaram níveis mais elevados no Fator 2 (PS). Os dois estudos resultaram numa medida inédita de avaliação das crenças conjugais a ser utilizada em pesquisas brasileiras. Espera-se que a ECC possa ser útil no estudo das relações entre casais, possibilitando a realização de novas pesquisas e quiçá novas intervenções terapêuticas. / The marital beliefs can be understood as a set of ideas about how marriage and the spouse should be. It is observed that the patterns of beliefs held about marriage interfere with marital quality, so that realistic beliefs were linked to more satisfying relationships and unrealistic beliefs were associated with dissatisfaction with the marriage. Thus it is clear the importance of knowing which types of beliefs are held in a marriage, which raises the question about the evaluation. At the international level have been identified and validated instruments designed to evaluate cognitive elements influence the relationship between couples. However, on the national scene there is a lack of belief in marriage on instruments constructed and validated for the Brazilian population. With this methodological gap, there is the interest of creating an instrument for assessing beliefs in marriage. Thus, this study aimed at the construction and validation of the Marital Beliefs Scale (MBS). For this purpose, this research consisted of two studies: 1) First study - Construction of Marital Beliefs Scale (MBS), 2) Second study - Validation of the Marital Beliefs Scale (MBS). The first study corresponded to the creation of the MBS, with interviews and literature search to obtain the most common beliefs about marriage, followed by the evaluation of the content validity in MBS. This first study resulted in a version of the MBS included 33 items, among marital realistic and unrealistic beliefs. The second study was the construct validity of the MBS. For this purpose, was applied a sample of 333 participants using the scale of the first study. This sample covered education levels from complete elementary school, among men and women, married and single.To verify the construct validity of the MBS, tests were performed using the factor analysis (FA). In the FA were used the maximum likelihood method and the quartimax rotation. The results showed the existence of two significant factors identified as Interpersonal Communication and Commitment (ICC) and Social Role (SR). After obtaining these two factors, then the internal consistency was evaluated through Cronbach's alpha (α), where been observed satisfactory levels of reliability: ICC (α = 0.81) and SR (α = 0.70). Additional tests were also applied in relation to any contrasts within the results according to the characteristics of the sample, through the Student's t test. It was verified that the sample in this work: (a) younger subjects showed higher levels in Factor 2 (SR), (b) subjects who had completed a college degree had higher levels in Factor 1 (ICC); and (c) unmarried individuals showed higher levels in Factor 2 (SR). Both studies resulted in an unprecedented step for the evaluation of marital beliefs to be used in Brazilian studies. It is expected that the MBS can be useful in the study of relationships between couples, enabling new researchs and perhaps new therapeutic interventions.

nÃo hà / This work presents a scale-space based approach to assist dynamic resource provisioning. The application of this theory makes it possible to eliminate the presence of irrelevant information from a signal that can potentially induce wrong or late decision making. Dynamic provisioning involves increasing or decreasing the amount of resources allocated to an application in response to workload changes. While monitoring both resource consumption and application-specic metrics is fundamental in this process since the latter is of great importance to infer information about the former, dealing with these pieces of information to provision resources in dynamic environments poses a big challenge. The presence of unwanted characteristics, or noise, in a signal that represents the monitored metrics favors misleading interpretations and is known to aect forecast models. Even though some forecast models are robust to noise, reducing its inuence may decrease training time and increase eciency. Because a dynamic environment demands decision making and predictions on a quickly changing landscape, approximations are necessary. Thus it is important to realize how approximations give rise to limitations in the forecasting process. On the other hand, being aware of when detail is needed, and when it is not, is crucial to perform ecient dynamic forecastings. In a cloud environment, resource provisioning plays a key role for ensuring that providers adequately accomplish their obligation to customers while maximizing the utilization of the underlying infrastructure. Experiments are shown considering simulation of both reactive and proactive strategies scenarios with a real-world trace that corresponds to access rate. Results show that embodying scale-space theory in the decision making stage of dynamic provisioning strategies is very promising. It both improves workload analysis, making it more meaningful to our purposes, and lead to better predictions.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Objetivou-se realizar a adaptaÃÃo transcultural da Health Belief Model Scale for Cervical Cancer and Pap Smear Test para uso no Brasil e validar o conteÃdo da versÃo brasileira do instrumento traduzido. Trata-se de um estudo metodolÃgico, que para a adaptaÃÃo transcultural, percorreu rigorosamente cinco etapas: traduÃÃo inicial, sÃntese das traduÃÃes, retraduÃÃo, revisÃo por um comità de juÃzes e prÃ-teste. Os participantes dessas etapas foram selecionados obedecendo aos critÃrios estabelecidos pelo referencial metodolÃgico, quais sejam: quatro tradutores, um mediador e seis juÃzes. Na realizaÃÃo do prÃ-teste, ocorrida no Centro de Parto Natural Ligia Barros Costa e Campus do Pici da Universidade Federal do Cearà no mÃs de setembro de 2014, entrevistou-se 40 mulheres, de diferentes nÃveis de escolaridade, utilizando-se a versÃo prÃ-final da escala e um questionÃrio de caracterizaÃÃo sociodemogrÃfica. A validaÃÃo de conteÃdo da versÃo final foi aferida pelo Ãndice de ValidaÃÃo de ConteÃdo, a partir do julgamento de dez juÃzes especialistas, selecionados a partir das experiÃncias de ensino, pesquisa e/ou assistÃncia em SaÃde da Mulher. Os dados referentes Ãs etapas de adaptaÃÃo foram organizados na forma de quadros e analisados descritivamente. Os dados sociodemogrÃficos do prÃ-teste e os resultantes da validaÃÃo de conteÃdo foram analisados no software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, versÃo 20.0. O estudo foi aprovado no Comità de Ãtica em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal do CearÃ. As duas versÃes produzidas na traduÃÃo inicial, em geral, nÃo apresentaram grandes diferenÃas de traduÃÃo. A segunda etapa foi realizada apÃs avaliaÃÃo das versÃes traduzidas com discussÃo quanto à formulaÃÃo dos itens da versÃo sÃntese, obtendo-se total concordÃncia por parte da pesquisadora e mediador. Na retraduÃÃo da versÃo sÃntese de volta ao idioma inglÃs evidenciou-se que as versÃes resultantes desta etapa nÃo apresentaram grandes divergÃncias em relaÃÃo à versÃo original do instrumento, mostrando-se coerentes, explicitando assim a qualidade da versÃo sÃntese no portuguÃs brasileiro. A partir da avaliaÃÃo das equivalÃncias semÃntica, idiomÃtica, experimental e conceitual pelos juÃzes, onze itens foram modificados apÃs as sugestÃes realizadas, resultando em uma versÃo prÃ-final da escala, aplicada no prÃ-teste. Quatro itens nÃo apresentaram total compreensÃo apÃs avaliaÃÃo das mulheres, sendo modificados segundo as sugestÃes das mesmas. ApÃs todas as modificaÃÃes realizadas na escala, obteve-se a versÃo final do instrumento adaptado ao contexto cultural brasileiro. O Ãndice de ValidaÃÃo de ConteÃdo, calculado a partir das avaliaÃÃes dos juÃzes de conteÃdo, foi de 0,82 e os valores individuais dos itens variaram de 0,80 a 1, sendo considerado adequadamente vÃlido em conteÃdo. Nenhum item foi eliminado, porÃm, quatro foram alocados ao domÃnio motivaÃÃo em saÃde por decisÃo unÃnime dos juÃzes. Pode-se concluir que todo o rigor adotado neste estudo garantiu a obtenÃÃo de um instrumento que se mostrou equivalente à versÃo original, apresentando boa compreensÃo e clareza entre os itens, alÃm de um adequado Ãndice de validaÃÃo de conteÃdo.

Orientador: Denis José Schiozer / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica e Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T18:36:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rebeschini_Jordani_M.pdf: 2588366 bytes, checksum: a02603674e4fb6d70407b280d621d7ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: A principal tarefa da engenharia de reservatórios é otimizar o desempenho de campos produtores de petróleo onde a preocupação com o gerenciamento de água está cada vez mais em foco. Neste escopo, problemas relacionados a formações de incrustações inorgânicas e produção de fluidos corrosivos (H2S e CO2) merecem destaque. Os grandes volumes de aditivos químicos requeridos para proteger o intervalo de produção dos poços e a dificuldade para injetá-los de forma mais efetiva, tornam mais pronunciada a necessidade de modelar estratégias para tratamentos de incrustação inorgânica no reservatório ou poços de petróleo. Produtos químicos baseados em ácidos aminopolicarboxílicos, como o ácido dietileno triamino pentaacético (DTPA) e etileno diamino tetraacético (EDTA), são comuns em formulações para dissolver o sulfato de bário. O DTPA é um dos mais efetivos quelantes para a barita. Estes agentes quelantes devem ser usados em pH em torno de 12 e um catalisador deve ser adicionado na formulação. Além disso, estes aditivos químicos apresentam baixa biodegradabilidade e toxicidade considerável. O presente trabalho apresenta testes laboratoriais visando avaliar o desempenho de aditivos químicos, principalmente diésteres, como aditivos químicos capazes de dissolver incrustação inorgânica de sulfato de bário em pH próximo a 7, realizando testes comparativos com o sal do DTPA (DTPA pentassódico), e apresentando ponderações relacionadas ao desempenho e aplicação dos mesmos. Estratégias de remoção da incrustação inorgânica nas proximidades de um poço produtor de petróleo são avaliadas com auxílio de simulação numérica de fluxo / Abstract: The main objective of reservoir engineers is to optimize petroleum. Nowadays, problems related to scale troubleshooting, corrosion (souring, H2S, and carbon dioxide, CO2) should be prevented in the beginning of the production activities. The large volumes of chemical additives which may be required to protect the producing interval of the wellbore combined with the difficulty of placing it where is the most effective, makes the need to model strategies to scale treatments in the reservoir or producer wells. Chemicals products relied on aminopolycarboxlyic acids (chelating agents), as ethylenediaminetetra acetic (EDTA) and diethylenetriaminepenta acetic (DTPA) are typical barium sulphate dissolvers. Chemicals based on DTPA are one of the most effective barium sulphate dissolvers. These chelating agents should be used at pH about 12 and suitable catalyst should be included in the formulation. Otherwise, these chemistries suffer with poor biodegradation and its toxicity that should be taken into account as well. By performing laboratory experiments, this work demonstrates how chemical additives, mainly diesters, might be considered barium sulphate dissolver, making comparison with chemicals based on DTPA. The results show that the diester can be used as a barium dissolver under specific conditions. A numerical simulation study was carried out also in order to evaluate the mitigation impact in terms of oil production / Mestrado / Reservatórios e Gestão / Mestre em Ciências e Engenharia de Petróleo

A presente dissertação de mestrado traz como foco a questão da escala em obras de arte, arquitetura e design. Está estruturada em três partes principais. Na primeira parte são apresentadas abordagens teóricas sobre o conceito de escala, percorrendo estudos sobre seus principais significados e aplicações nestes campos do conhecimento, a relação do corpo humano como parâmetro dimensional e os conceitos de massa, volume e espaço, além de abordar a teoria do estranhamento, idealizada por Chklóvski e o conflito entre conhecimento e experiência, proposto por Maderuelo. Na segunda parte, são expostas obras de arte, arquitetura e design que evidenciam algumas das possibilidades fornecidas pela manipulação da escala. Na terceira e última parte foram destacadas três obras de arte cuja forma é um cubo, sendo elas; Die (1962), de Tony Smith; a obra sem título (quatro cubos espelhados, 1965), de Robert Morris e Cruzeiro do Sul (1969-1970), de Cildo Meireles. A partir desta seleção sugeriu-se a sistematização das ideias apresentadas anteriormente como ferramentas de análise e reflexão aplicáveis a processos criativos. / This dissertation brings focus on the issue of scale in works of art, architecture and design. Is structured into three main parts. In the first part theoretical approaches to the concept of scale are presented, covering studies on its main meanings and applications in these fields of knowledge, the relation of the human body as a dimensional parameter and the concepts of mass, volume and space, in addition, presents the theory of estrangement, idealized by Chklóvski and the conflict between knowledge and experience, proposed by Maderuelo. In the second part are exhibited works of art, architecture and design which highlight some of the possibilities provided by the manipulation of scale. In the third and final part, three works of art whose form is a cube are shown, they are Die (1962), of Tony Smith, the Untitled work (Four mirrored cubes, 1965) of Robert Morris and Cruzeiro do Sul (1969- 1970), of Cildo Meireles, and from this selection suggest the systematization of ideas previously presented as tools for analysis and reflection applicable in creative processes.

Grid computing is a virtualized distributed computing environment aimed at enabling the sharing of geographically distributed resources. Grid resources have traditionally consisted of dedicated supercomputers, clusters, or storage units. With the present ubiquitous network connections and the growing computational and storage capabilities of modem everyday-use computers, more resources such as PCs, devices (e.g., PDAs and sensors), applications, and services are on grid networks. Grid is expected to evolve from a computing and data management facility to a pervasive, world-wide resource-sharing infrastructure. To fully utilize the wide range of grid resources, effective resource discovery mechanisms are required. However, resource discovery in a global-scale grid is challenging due to the considerable diversity, large number, dynamic behavior, and geographical distribution of the resources. The resource discovery technology required to achieve the ambitious global grid vision is still in its infancy, and existing applications have difficulties in achieving both rich searchability and good scalability. In this thesis, we investigate the resource discovery problem for open-networked global-scale grids. In particular, we propose a distributed semantics-based discovery framework. We show how this framework can be used to address the discovery problem in such grids and improve three aspects of performance: expressiveness, scalability, and efficiency. Expressiveness is the first characteristic that a grid resource-searching mechanism should have. Most existing search systems use simple keyword-based lookups, which limit the searchability of the system. Our framework improves search expressiveness from two directions: First, it uses a semantic metadata scheme to provide users with a rich and flexible representation mechanism, to enable effective descriptions of desired resource properties and query requirements. Second, we employ ontological domain knowledge to assist in the search process. The system is thus able to understand the semantics of query requests according to their meanings in a specific domain; this procedure helps the system to locate only semantically related results. The more expressive the resource description and query request, however, the more difficult it is to design a scalable and efficient search mechanism. We ensure scalability by reconfiguring the network with respect to shared ontologies. This reconfiguration partitions the large unorganized search space into multiple well-organized semantically related sub-spaces that we call semantic virtual organizations. Semantic virtual organizations help to discriminatively distribute resource information and queries to related nodes, thus reducing the search space and improving scalability. To further improve the efficiency of searching the virtual organizations, we propose two semantics-based resource-integrating and searching systems: GONID and OntoSum. These two systems address searching problems for applications based on different network topologies: structured and unstructured peer-to-peer overlay networks. Queries in the search systems are processed in a transparent way, so that users accessing the data can be insulated from the fact that the information is distributed across different sources and represented with different formats. In both systems, ontological knowledge is decomposed into different coarse-grained elements, and then these elements are indexed with different schemes to fit the requirements of different applications. Resource metadata reasoning, integrating, and searching are based on the index. A complex query can be evaluated by performing relational operations such as select, project, and join on combinations of the indexing elements. We evaluate the performance of our system with extensive simulation experiments, the results of which confirm the effectiveness of the design. In addition, we implement a prototype that incorporates our ontology-based virtual organization formation and semantics-based query mechanisms. Our deployment of the prototype verifies the system's feasibility and its applicability to real-world applications. / Science, Faculty of / Computer Science, Department of / Graduate

In mixed-jurisdiction landscapes of the Intermountain West, unprotected wildlands in private and State Trust ownership buffer protected areas, support ecosystem and watershed processes, and maintain landscape connectivity, while their subdivision and development, results in losses of habitat and biodiversity, fragmentation, and isolation of neighboring protected areas. In recent decades, conservation easements (CEs) have emerged as the primary tool for protecting private lands, but as private agreements, there is no explicit expectation that land protected provides these conservation values. With this dependence on CEs, identifying their conservation outcomes is critical to understanding their role in landscape-scale conservation efforts. Focusing on the Madrean Archipelago in Arizona and New Mexico, I conducted a mixed methods study assessing the spatial pattern of existing CEs relative to grasslands, riparian areas, and distance from protected areas, and completed stakeholder interviews to identify any process underlying these spatial patterns. Results show that more than 10% of private wildlands in the region are in CEs. They exhibited a strong affinity towards grasslands (almost 20% of private grassland area is in CEs) and protected areas (more than 80% of CEs lie within 1 km of a protected area) but tend to avoid riparian areas. Interviews revealed a moderate level of consistency between the spatial patterns identified and stakeholder objectives. These results suggest that CEs in the Madrean Archipelago do support landscape-scale conservation outcomes, in part because stakeholders engaged in establishing them are prioritizing resources and values with landscape-scale significance. They also affirm the need for more access to spatial data on CEs to better integrate them into regional conservation planning efforts.

We study the orientations of satellite galaxies in redMaPPer clusters constructed from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey at 0.1 < z < 0.35 to determine whether there is any preferential tendency for satellites to point radially towards cluster centres. We analyse the satellite alignment (SA) signal based on three shape measurement methods (re-Gaussianization, de Vaucouleurs, and isophotal shapes), which trace galaxy light profiles at different radii. The measured SA signal depends on these shape measurement methods. We detect the strongest SA signal in isophotal shapes, followed by de Vaucouleurs shapes. While no net SA signal is detected using re-Gaussianization shapes across the entire sample, the observed SA signal reaches a statistically significant level when limiting to a subsample of higher luminosity satellites. We further investigate the impact of noise, systematics, and real physical isophotal twisting effects in the comparison between the SA signal detected via different shape measurement methods. Unlike previous studies, which only consider the dependence of SA on a few parameters, here we explore a total of 17 galaxy and cluster properties, using a statistical model averaging technique to naturally account for parameter correlations and identify significant SA predictors. We find that the measured SA signal is strongest for satellites with the following characteristics: higher luminosity, smaller distance to the cluster centre, rounder in shape, higher bulge fraction, and distributed preferentially along the major axis directions of their centrals. Finally, we provide physical explanations for the identified dependences and discuss the connection to theories of SA.

The present investigation was focused on the problem of identification and detection of Juvenile delinquency. The purpose of the study was to determine if Juvenile delinquents whose first offenses were runaway or auto theft differ significantly from non-delinquents of a church group. The two delinquent groups were examined to determine if a significant difference existed.

The main research problem is the low productivity of small scale maize farmers largely as a result of low adoption rates of recommended practices that could enhance yield levels and improve their incomes and livelihoods, and the inability of extension workers to effectively influence farmers’ decision making process by their lack of appropriate predictive extension planning tools. The problem faced by extension workers is the lack of understanding of the wants and needs of farmers, their preferences and behavioral inclinations towards agricultural innovations. In order to contribute to the understanding of farmers’ behavior change, the study sought to compare the relative influence of personal and social characteristics of farmers with intervening variables as conceptualized by Düvel and Ajzen’s subjective norms, with the objective of determining their predictive potential of farmers behaviors for extension program planning purposes. A secondary objective was to search for additional variables to explain farmer’s adoption behavior by exploring the predictive value of the subjective norm concept The study was carried out in the Leribe and Maluti-a-Phofung districts of Lesotho and South Africa respectively. A structured questionnaire with a Sotho translation was used to collect data from 107 farmers randomly selected from the districts and administered by trained extension staff. The data collected was analyzed using the social sciences (SPSS). In determining the relationships between the independent and dependent variables, Chi-square test of independence, correlation and regressions analysis were used. In all 10 independent and nine intervening variables were selected for the study. The independent variables were location of the farm, membership of farmers association, gender, age, level of education, experience in farming, off-farm income, amount of time spent farming, total farm size and area under maize cultivation. The intervening variables were efficiency perception, need compatibility, need tension, awareness and prominence constituted cognitive aspects derived from Düvel’s Model and the social dimensions adapted from Ajzen’s subjective norm concept were, important people, extension agents, close friends and membership of farmers association. The results suggest that farm size and area under maize cultivation were the only variables that showed any consistent influence with adoption of recommended maize agronomic practices namely: use of improved seeds, lime and fertilizer applications. The association between the remaining variables seems to be more dependent on the type of recommended practice. For example location was found to be significantly associated with the adoption of fertilizer and top-dressing practices but not with lime and the use of improved seed. All the remaining independent variables gender, age, educational level, experience and time spent on the farm appear not to have any significant influence on the adoption of the recommended practices at five percent level of probability. Compared to the independent variables, five out of the nine intervening variables, namely: prominence, awareness, need compatibility, efficiency perception and need tension were consistently found to be highly significantly associated with the adoption of all the four recommended maize agronomic practices at 5% level of probability. On the other hand, the subjective norm variables did not show any consistent association with adoption behaviors of respondents In general the analysis suggest a lower than expected contribution to variation as the results contradicts the hypothesis that farm and farmer characteristics influence adoption behavior. This is supported by the fact that, except for top- dressing where the characteristics of the farmer and farm contribute about 40% to the explanation to total variation, the rest all fall below 20 %. In contrast, the evidence shows that the intervening variables – those with cognitive dimensions, showed a high degree in explaining variation in the adoption behavior in all the production practices studied. The power of explanation ranged from 49% in the case of adoption of improved seed practices to 77.7% for the use of lime. The results provide strong evidence in support of the contention that, the intervening variables of cognitive in nature, are the likely precursors of decision making through which the influence of independent variables become manifested in behavior. The results also show that need, perception and knowledge related variables mediate between intentions, personal variables and the environment and decisions on adoption. This study confirms and opens the way for the search for more intervening variables with the potential to extend the epistemology of extension science. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2013 / Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development / unrestricted