ABSTRACT This thesis presents the equivalent circuit of basic semicondonductor equations, which are implemented as the device elements of circuit simulator: spice3. We use a simple example of a pn junction diode to study the DC and transient characteristics. Using this technique, it is easy to simulate the semiconductor device composed of the elements and to include the semiconductor device as a part of a circuit.

A Variable Stability Flight Simulator is being developed in the School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering at the University of Sydney, Australia. The device is being developed both as a teaching tool for use in flight mechanics courses in the department and as a research tool. It is reasonable to state that learning is enhanced through the experience of concepts outside of the classroom environment. It is intended that the device will be integrated into the department�s teaching program in aircraft flight mechanics. Initial studies centred around a PC based flight simulation developed at the Cranfield College of Aeronautics in the United Kingdom. This system utilises a distributed architecture with several computers connected via Ethernet. It also employs a Primary Image three channel visual system. The system has been further enhanced by the addition of a Link flight simulator provided by the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF). The RAAF had been using the simulator as a training tool for some years until it had become surplus to requirements. Most of the work in the project has centred around re-engineering this simulator into a viable research/education tool. The Cranfield system has been incorporated into the Link simulator�s hardware to provide a fixed base simulation. The majority of the work described in this thesis revolved around the re-engineering of the flight control loading and motion systems. Previously these items were controlled by analogue circuitry with minimal digital interfaces to the main simulation software. The systems have been re-designed to replace much of the single model analogue circuitry with re-configurable digital control software. Doing so allows changes to be made to the systems in real time through a software interface. The software resides on a common computer that extensively interfaces with the rest of the simulation. To support the hardware involved and to provide for system operation and safety, an extensive Supervisory system has also been implemented. This system along with the motion and control loading software has been implemented in the Matlab / Real-Time Workshop environment. This gives the capability of making real-time changes to any part of the overall simulation. A variable stability module (vsm) is under development. The addition of this module will allow changes to be made to the simulation itself in real-time. The simulator is now functional with the motion and control loading systems operating as designed. Tuning of both systems has been done subjectively by the author. An initial objective analysis of the motion system has been undertaken in an attempt to verify the fidelity of the motion cues generated. A significant outcome of this project has been to create a safe, easily maintainable, re-configurable flight simulator from a large, complex, legacy system. The facility now forms a significant research and teaching tool in areas such as flight mechanics, propulsion, aircraft handling qualities and human factors.

A Variable Stability Flight Simulator is being developed in the School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering at the University of Sydney, Australia. The device is being developed both as a teaching tool for use in flight mechanics courses in the department and as a research tool. It is reasonable to state that learning is enhanced through the experience of concepts outside of the classroom environment. It is intended that the device will be integrated into the department�s teaching program in aircraft flight mechanics. Initial studies centred around a PC based flight simulation developed at the Cranfield College of Aeronautics in the United Kingdom. This system utilises a distributed architecture with several computers connected via Ethernet. It also employs a Primary Image three channel visual system. The system has been further enhanced by the addition of a Link flight simulator provided by the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF). The RAAF had been using the simulator as a training tool for some years until it had become surplus to requirements. Most of the work in the project has centred around re-engineering this simulator into a viable research/education tool. The Cranfield system has been incorporated into the Link simulator�s hardware to provide a fixed base simulation. The majority of the work described in this thesis revolved around the re-engineering of the flight control loading and motion systems. Previously these items were controlled by analogue circuitry with minimal digital interfaces to the main simulation software. The systems have been re-designed to replace much of the single model analogue circuitry with re-configurable digital control software. Doing so allows changes to be made to the systems in real time through a software interface. The software resides on a common computer that extensively interfaces with the rest of the simulation. To support the hardware involved and to provide for system operation and safety, an extensive Supervisory system has also been implemented. This system along with the motion and control loading software has been implemented in the Matlab / Real-Time Workshop environment. This gives the capability of making real-time changes to any part of the overall simulation. A variable stability module (vsm) is under development. The addition of this module will allow changes to be made to the simulation itself in real-time. The simulator is now functional with the motion and control loading systems operating as designed. Tuning of both systems has been done subjectively by the author. An initial objective analysis of the motion system has been undertaken in an attempt to verify the fidelity of the motion cues generated. A significant outcome of this project has been to create a safe, easily maintainable, re-configurable flight simulator from a large, complex, legacy system. The facility now forms a significant research and teaching tool in areas such as flight mechanics, propulsion, aircraft handling qualities and human factors.

Syftet med detta arbete var att för Sjöfartshögskolans räkning skapa en elkretssimulator till distanskursen El- och automationsteknik för driftpersonal ombord och i land med kursstart hösten 2016. Universitetsadjunkt Tobias Hedin gav oss i uppdrag att ta fram en webbaserad simulator samt beräkningar för den samma. Genomförandet delades upp i två faser där den inledande fasen var att skaffa en överblick omvilka programmeringsspråk som skulle användas samt ta fram beräkningsunderlag för de mätningsförfaranden som simulatorn skulle simulera. Den andra fasen var att programmera och formge simulatorn och till se att koden följer de krav uppsatta av beställaren. Simulatorn programmerades i språken HTML5, CSS och JavaScript där koden validerades emot rådande standarder och normer. Samtidigt utfördes även alla beräkningar som sedan verifierades genom att jämföra resultatet jämtemot värden från datorprogrammet OrCad. Resultatet av projektet blev en väl fungerade simulator som mötte alla krav och specifikationer uppsatta i uppdragsdirektivet.

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"This thesis presents an effective approach to study tactile based mobile robot navigation. A Matlab simulator, which can simulate the properties of the tactile sensors, the environment, and the motion of the robot, is developed. The simulator uses an abstraction model of a compliant tactile sensor to represent an array of sensors covering the robot. The tactile sensor can detect normal and shear forces. The simulator has been used by a set of human subjects to drive a robot in an indoor environment to capture data. The details of the implementation and the data collected are presented in this thesis. From the data, some contact features can be extracted. Regarding the features, this thesis uses the Gaussian classifier and Gaussian mixture model to classify the data and build the feature classification model. Comparing the classification results of these two methods, the Gaussian mixture model has better performance. Applying the feature classification model, some contact objects can be detected, such as wall and corner. Based on this classification tool, a simple navigation problem can be solved successfully."

Angehende interventionelle Kardiologen sind insbesondere während einer perkutanen Koronarintervention hohen psychischen und physischen Belastungen ausgesetzt. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es zu überprüfen, inwieweit Simulationstraining diese Stressantwort reduzieren kann. Im Rahmen einer stratifiziert randomisierten Studie wurde der Effekt von Virtual-Reality (VR)-Simulationstraining auf physischen bzw. psychischen Stress bei angehenden interventionellen Kardiologen untersucht. Hierzu wurden 18 Studienteilnehmer/Innen rekrutiert, die bisher noch keine Erfahrung in der Durchführung einer perkutanen Koronarintervention aufwiesen. Die Simulationsgruppe (S, n=9) erhielt ein 7 ½ stündiges Interventionstraining an drei VR-Simulatoren: CathLab VR (CAE), Angio Mentor Express (Simbionix), VIST-C (Mentice), die Kontrollgruppe (K, n=9) ein theoretisches Ausbildungsprogramm. Die Prä- und Postevaluation aller Probanden fand an einem pulsatilen Herzmodell im Katheterlabor statt (CoroSim™, Mecora). Hierbei wurde der individuelle Stresslevel jedes Probanden bestimmt. Hierzu wurde zum einen der physische Stress über eine Messung des Speichelcortisols und der Herzfrequenz quantifiziert und zum anderen psychischer Stress mittels des PANAS-Fragebogens bestimmt (PANAS-Score erhoben durch fünf-stufige Likert-Skala). Zwischen den Studiengruppen fand sich kein signifikanter Unterschied hinsichtlich des physischen Stresslevels. Im Hinblick auf das psychische Stressniveau zeigte sich nach dem Training hingegen ein signifikanter Unterschied zwischen den Studiengruppen: Während der negative Affekt in der Kontrollgruppe anstieg, wies die Simulationsgruppe im Vergleich hierzu einen signifikanten Abfall dieses Parameters auf (F(1, 16)=5,58 p=0,03, ANOVA mit Messwiederholung, Faktoren: Studiengruppe x Messzeitpunkt). Somit konnte gezeigt werden, dass Simulationstraining bei angehenden interventionellen Kardiologen die psychische Stressantwort während einer Intervention reduziert. / Background: Simulation-based training improves the manual skills of beginners in interventional cardiology. It has been speculated that this improvement in performance is caused by a reduction of the individual stress response. To validate this hypothesis changes in the stress response after simulation and theoretical training were compared. Methods: The study was performed in 18 trainees in interventional cardiology. The participants received either simulation-based (group S) or theoretical training (group K). Pre- and post-training the individual stress level was determined during a percutaneous coronary intervention on a pulsatile heart model. Heart rate was recorded continuously, and the change of cortisol and the PANAS scale were measured. PANAS detects the positive and negative affect. Results: Comparing both groups, there were no significant differences in the physiologic arousal (cortisol and heart rate). The negative affect of PANAS decreased in group S (-2.0 ± 4.3) and increased in group K (+3.3 ± 5.4) (p=0.03). Conclusion: Our study revealed that the negative PANAS, which represents the excessive stress response of trainees in interventional cardiology, can be reduced by simulation-based training.

Zugl.: Bochum, Univ., Diss., 2007

This project surfaced through Hans-Erik Eldemark, business coach at Science Park Halmstad, who had been contacted by Boris Duran, Lecturer at the University Skövde and owner of the project. The idea of the project is to take a first step in the making of a motor driven simulator with a gyroscope design. The simulator will be implemented as part of virtual reality systems, computer games, flight simulators, training platforms, etc. The motors in this platform will be controlled by the movements of the user’s joystick allowing him/her a continuous and unlimited rotation. A very simple way of understanding the potential of this platform can be seen in a practical application such as a flight simulator since flying needs continuous and unlimited yaw, pitch and roll types of motion. A motor driven gyroscope is a novel and practical solution for this kind of applications.

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) systems are emerging as a new form of distributed computing with a strong emphasis on self-organization, decentralization, and autonomy of the participating nodes. The characteristics of self-organization, autonomy, and decentralization allow for highly adaptive, robust, and scalable networks, making P2P an increasingly interesting way to design distributed systems. <p>Since the deployment of P2P systems involves significant resources, e.g., hundreds of hosts and users, it is often not possible to run realistic tests prior to the rollout of the system. Consequently, simulation is the only realistic approach for testing or predicting the behavior of large P2P networks. However, the majority of the existing simulators tend to provide limited flexibility in simulating the details of the users, application, protocol, and physical network. <p>In this research, the impact of user behavior, protocol, and physical network characteristic on the overall P2P system are being observed. The aim is to investigate the importance of simulating P2P systems in such detail.