Among the smart technologies - smart devices, smart cars, smart homes, smart cities - why has only the smartphone gained worldwide appeal? The aim of this paper is to explore the barriers faced by smart cities and smart homes, and highlight why the two applications of IoT have not gained significant traction despite a decade of promise. Significantly larger in scale than the smart home, the smart city is more constrained by the technical limits of IoT technology due to resource-limited nodes. Therefore this paper will explore the technical hurdles common in the smart city sphere and evaluate potential solutions. On the other side of the spectrum, the use of IoT in the home can be a deeply personal decision. From a business perspective, the smart home market grows increasingly crowded as ambitious entrepreneurs are all looking to claim a piece of an ever-expanding pie. The smart home section will strive to unpack these complex social and business dynamics, suggesting ways to expand and retain a larger user-base.

The primary goal of this research is to help any organization, which is planning to transform to the big data analytics era, by providing a systematic and comprehensive model that this organization can use to better understand what factors influence big data projects. Also, the organization's current status against those factors. Finally, what enhancements are needed in the organization's current capabilities for optimal management of factors influencing an upcoming big data project. However, big data applications are vast and cover many sectors, and while most of the factors influencing big data projects are common across sectors, there are some factors that are related to the specific circumstances of each sector. Therefore, this research will focus on one sector only, which is the smart city sector, and its generalizability to other sectors is discussed at the end of the research. In this research, literature review and experts feedback were used to identify the most critical factors influencing big data projects, with focus on smart city. Then, the HDM methodology was used to elicit experts' judgment to identify the relative importance of those factors. In addition, experts' feedback was used to identify possible statuses an organization might have regarding each factor. Finally, a case study of four projects related to the City of Portland, Oregon, was conducted to demonstrate the practicality and value of the research model. The research findings indicated that there are complicated internal and external, sometimes competing, factors affecting big data projects. The research identified 18 factors as being among the most important factors affecting smart-city-related big data projects. Those factors are grouped into four perspectives: people, technology, legal, and organization. Furthermore, the case study demonstrated how the model could pinpoint shortcomings in a city's capabilities before the project start, and how to address those shortcomings to increase chances of a successful big data project.

abstract: Smart cities are the next wave of rapid expansion of Internet of Things (IoT). A smart city is a designation given to a city that incorporates information and communication technologies (ICT) to enhance the quality and performance of urban services, such as energy, transportation, healthcare, communications, entertainments, education, e-commerce, businesses, city management, and utilities, to reduce resource consumption, wastage and overall costs. The overarching aim of a smart city is to enhance the quality of living for its residents and businesses, through technology. In a large ecosystem, like a smart city, many organizations and companies collaborate with the smart city government to improve the smart city. These entities may need to store and share critical data with each other. A smart city has several thousands of smart devices and sensors deployed across the city. Storing critical data in a secure and scalable manner is an important issue in a smart city. While current cloud-based services, like Splunk and ELK (Elasticsearch-Logstash-Kibana), offer a centralized view and control over the IT operations of these smart devices, it is still prone to insider attacks, data tampering, and rogue administrator problems. In this thesis, we present an approach using blockchain to recovering critical data from unauthorized modifications. We use extensive simulations based on complex adaptive system theory, for evaluation of our approach. Through mathematical proof we proved that the approach always detects an unauthorized modification of critical data. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Computer Science 2017

Yes / The paper examines the level of financial development of initial twenty shortlisted smart cities in India. • Results of the study revealed high inter-state and intra-state inequality as the cities with high FSI values and those with low FSI values are both located in the developed western and southern states. • A similar mixed picture emerges even for the less developed low income states such as Madhya Pradesh. • The study also highlighted large inter-state variations across the smart cities in financial development. • For a holistic approach to smart city development, a vibrant and developed financial sector is required.

Yes / Smart cities can help in achieving UN SDG. This research carries out a comprehensive analysis of the role of smart cities on creating sustainable cities and communities, which is one of 17 UN sustainable goals. Current research focuses on number of aspect of sustainable environment such as renewable and green energy, energy efficiency, environmental monitoring, air quality, and water quality. This study provides a valuable synthesis of the relevant literature on smart cities by analysing and discussing the key findings from existing research on issues of smart cities in creating sustainable cities and communities. The findings of this study can provide an informative framework for research on smart cities for academics and practitioners.

Em um cenário atual em que o mundo apresenta ritmos de crescimento populacionais acelerados e consequentes acréscimos de habitantes vivendo em zonas urbanas, deve-se considerar que as cidades apresentam desafios e questões como alto índice de congestionamentos de trânsito, poluição do ar, consumo de recursos naturais, insegurança, etc. Surge-se, neste contexto, o desenvolvimento das chamadas Smart Cities, que são cidades que apresentam iniciativas inteligentes para solucionar ou melhorar a qualidade de vida do cidadão, baseadas em dimensões que envolvem o meio ambiente, governança, economia, mobilidade, pessoas, infraestrutura e tecnologia. A iniciativa escolhida foi a cidade de Amsterdã, mais precisamente a organização ASC (Amsterdam Smart City), que hoje representa, globalmente, um dos principais exemplos de iniciativas de Smart Cities do mundo. O presente estudo busca responder à seguinte questão de pesquisa: Como é estruturada a governança da ASC (Amsterdam Smart City) e como podem ser descritas as experiências vividas em uma smart city? Para responder à questão relacionado à governança, foi utilizado o modelo de redução lógica de governança proposto por Lynn (2000). E como base das unidades de sentido da análise fenomenológica, foi utilizado o Framework Integrativo de Iniciativas de Smart Cities na Amsterdam Smart City proposto por Chourabi et al., (2012). Visando um melhor entendimento buscou-se utilizar uma abordagem qualitativa, tendo como método o estudo de caso. A coleta de dados obteve-se através de entrevistas semiestruturadas para duas pessoas com amplo conhecimento da organização. E, para a análise fenomenológica, uma entrevista semiestruturada teve como base, porém foi utilizada uma narrativa descritiva do próprio autor a partir de suas próprias experiências vividas na cidade. Os resultados demonstrados no presente estudo refletem a importância de um olhar mais abrangente para o desenvolvimento de cidades inteligentes que não só a tecnologia a ser aplicada. Uma governança inteligente é tão importante quanto a tecnologia, pois molda e viabiliza os projetos, cria parcerias essenciais, estrutura e operacionaliza as iniciativas e realiza um papel importante na gestão municipal de mudança de paradigmas e cultura direcionada para a inovação. / In the current scenario, in which the world faces accelerated population growth rates and consequent increases in the number of inhabitants living in urban areas, it must be considered that cities present challenges and issues such as high traffic congestion levels, air pollution, high resource consumption, insecurity, etc. In this context, the development of the so-called Smart Cities, which are cities that present intelligent initiatives to solve or improve citizens\' quality of life, are based on dimensions that involve the environment, governance, economy, mobility, community, infrastructure and technology. The initiative chosen was the city of Amsterdam, more precisely the organization ASC (Amsterdam Smart City), which today represents, globally, one of the main examples of Smart Cities initiatives in the world. The present study aims to answer the following research question: How is the governance of the Amsterdam Smart City structured and how can be described the smart city life experiences? Regarding the governance matter, the logic reduction model of governance proposed by Lynn (2000) was used. And as a basis for the units of meaning of the phenomenological analysis, the Integrative Framework of Smart Cities Initiatives in the Amsterdam Smart City proposed by Chourabi et al. (2012) was taken as ground basis. Targeting a better understanding, a qualitative approach was applied in a case study methodology. The data collection was obtained through semi-structured interviews with two people containing deep knowledge of the organization. And, for the phenomenological analysis, a semi-structured interview was used as basic step, however a descriptive narrative of the author himself was also used based on his own experiences lived in the city. The outcomes shown in the present study reflect the importance of a broader look for the development of smart cities that are not just technology based. Intelligent governance is as important as technology, as it shapes and enables projects, creates essential partnerships, structures and operationalizes initiatives, and plays an important role in municipal management of paradigm shift and innovation-driven culture.

Em um cenário atual em que o mundo apresenta ritmos de crescimento populacionais acelerados e consequentes acréscimos de habitantes vivendo em zonas urbanas, deve-se considerar que as cidades apresentam desafios e questões como alto índice de congestionamentos de trânsito, poluição do ar, consumo de recursos naturais, insegurança, etc. Surge-se, neste contexto, o desenvolvimento das chamadas Smart Cities, que são cidades que apresentam iniciativas inteligentes para solucionar ou melhorar a qualidade de vida do cidadão, baseadas em dimensões que envolvem o meio ambiente, governança, economia, mobilidade, pessoas, infraestrutura e tecnologia. A iniciativa escolhida foi a cidade de Amsterdã, mais precisamente a organização ASC (Amsterdam Smart City), que hoje representa, globalmente, um dos principais exemplos de iniciativas de Smart Cities do mundo. O presente estudo busca responder à seguinte questão de pesquisa: Como é estruturada a governança da ASC (Amsterdam Smart City) e como podem ser descritas as experiências vividas em uma smart city? Para responder à questão relacionado à governança, foi utilizado o modelo de redução lógica de governança proposto por Lynn (2000). E como base das unidades de sentido da análise fenomenológica, foi utilizado o Framework Integrativo de Iniciativas de Smart Cities na Amsterdam Smart City proposto por Chourabi et al., (2012). Visando um melhor entendimento buscou-se utilizar uma abordagem qualitativa, tendo como método o estudo de caso. A coleta de dados obteve-se através de entrevistas semiestruturadas para duas pessoas com amplo conhecimento da organização. E, para a análise fenomenológica, uma entrevista semiestruturada teve como base, porém foi utilizada uma narrativa descritiva do próprio autor a partir de suas próprias experiências vividas na cidade. Os resultados demonstrados no presente estudo refletem a importância de um olhar mais abrangente para o desenvolvimento de cidades inteligentes que não só a tecnologia a ser aplicada. Uma governança inteligente é tão importante quanto a tecnologia, pois molda e viabiliza os projetos, cria parcerias essenciais, estrutura e operacionaliza as iniciativas e realiza um papel importante na gestão municipal de mudança de paradigmas e cultura direcionada para a inovação. / In the current scenario, in which the world faces accelerated population growth rates and consequent increases in the number of inhabitants living in urban areas, it must be considered that cities present challenges and issues such as high traffic congestion levels, air pollution, high resource consumption, insecurity, etc. In this context, the development of the so-called Smart Cities, which are cities that present intelligent initiatives to solve or improve citizens\' quality of life, are based on dimensions that involve the environment, governance, economy, mobility, community, infrastructure and technology. The initiative chosen was the city of Amsterdam, more precisely the organization ASC (Amsterdam Smart City), which today represents, globally, one of the main examples of Smart Cities initiatives in the world. The present study aims to answer the following research question: How is the governance of the Amsterdam Smart City structured and how can be described the smart city life experiences? Regarding the governance matter, the logic reduction model of governance proposed by Lynn (2000) was used. And as a basis for the units of meaning of the phenomenological analysis, the Integrative Framework of Smart Cities Initiatives in the Amsterdam Smart City proposed by Chourabi et al. (2012) was taken as ground basis. Targeting a better understanding, a qualitative approach was applied in a case study methodology. The data collection was obtained through semi-structured interviews with two people containing deep knowledge of the organization. And, for the phenomenological analysis, a semi-structured interview was used as basic step, however a descriptive narrative of the author himself was also used based on his own experiences lived in the city. The outcomes shown in the present study reflect the importance of a broader look for the development of smart cities that are not just technology based. Intelligent governance is as important as technology, as it shapes and enables projects, creates essential partnerships, structures and operationalizes initiatives, and plays an important role in municipal management of paradigm shift and innovation-driven culture.

This thesis aims to utilize data analysis and predictive modeling techniques and apply them in different domains for gaining insights. The topics were chosen keeping the same in mind. Analysis of customer interests is a crucial factor in present marketing trends and hence we worked on twitter data which is a significant part of digital marketing. Neuroscience, especially psychological behavior, is an important research area. We chose eye tracking data based on which we differentiated human concentration while watching controllable (video game) videos and uncontrollable (sports) videos. Currently, cities are using data analysis for becoming smart cities. We worked on the City of Lewisville emergency services data and predicted the vehicle-accident-prone areas for development of precautionary measures in those areas.

Cidades ao redor do mundo enfrentam diversos desafios para proporcionar uma boa qualidade de vida aos seus cidadãos. Sistemas de software vêm sendo desenvolvidos com objetivo de melhorar os serviços e otimizar o uso da infraestrutura da cidade. Desenvolver ambientes de experimentação para esses sistemas na escala de grandes cidades ainda é um desafio, devido ao alto custo e problemas de infraestrutura. Por sua vez, a simulação é um mecanismo que vem sendo utilizado na realização de experimentos em diversas áreas do conhecimento. O objetivo deste trabalho é auxiliar na construção de um ambiente de experimentação de larga escala e interativo para plataformas de Cidades Inteligentes através de simulação. Para tanto, desenvolvemos uma arquitetura de software visando permitir a integração de plataformas e simuladores de Cidades Inteligentes. Dois estudos de caso demostraram a viabilidade da solução, integrando o simulador InterSCSimulator e a plataforma InterSCity, envolvendo uma série de melhorias em ambas as ferramentas. Apresentamos detalhes de como implementar a arquitetura proposta, além da execução de experimentos na escala da cidade de São Paulo. Acreditamos que a solução nos levou a resultados satisfatórios, tendo em vista que, foi possível realizar experimentos de larga escala através de simulação por meio da implementação da arquitetura apresentada. Portanto, projetamos uma arquitetura de software que poderá servir de base para integração de plataformas e simuladores de Cidades Inteligentes com o intuito de realizar experimentos de larga escala e interativo, visando principalmente questões de desempenho e escalabilidade. / Cities around the world face a number of challenges to provide a good quality of life for their citizens. Software systems have been developed with the aim of improving services and optimizing the use of the citys infrastructure. Developing experimentation environments for these systems in the large cities scale is still a challenge due to the high cost and infrastructure problems. In turn, the simulation is a mechanism that has been used to enable experiments in several areas of knowledge. The goal of this work is to assist in the development of a large scale and interactive experimentation environment for Smart Cities platforms through simulation. For this, we developed a software architecture to allow the integration of platforms and simulators of Smart Cities. Two case studies demonstrated the feasibility of the solution, integrating the InterSCSimulator simulator and the InterSCity platform, involving a series of improvements in both tools. We present details of how to implement the proposed architecture, as well as the execution of experiments on the scale of the city of São Paulo. We believe that the solution led us to satisfactory results, considering that it was possible to perform large- scale experiments through simulation using the implementation of the presented architecture. Therefore, we have designed a software architecture that can be used as a basis for the integration of Smart Cities platforms and simulators in order to perform large-scale and interactive experiments, primarily focusing on performance and scalability issues.

By the year 2050, about three quarters of the world’s population will live in cities. Most cities are developed by state or federal governments; however, some cities are developed for the purpose of private interests that plan the city. While the concept of private companies planning and sometimes even owning cities is not a new development, there seems to currently be a rise in this trend, with communication corporations such as IBM, Google, Intel, and Cisco now taking advantage of this growing market. Known as “smart” or “wired” cities, this new privatized way of planning communities allows major communication corporations to play an important role in shaping the future of our communities. Google, IBM, and Intel are all playing a role in planning the future of Portland, Oregon. By analyzing documents such as planning ordinances, financial reports, and government transcripts, as well as conducting interviews with city planners and corporate employees, this study found that many of the “smart” city efforts being undertaken by these communication corporations are intimately tied to their efforts to bring the Internet of Things (IoT) to fruition. Ultimately, the main goal of these efforts is to utilize urban communication technologies (UCTs) to gather data about community members by tracking their activities. In this emerging personal data economy, identities are the main commodity being fetishized.