Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2005. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 204-221).

Thesis (M.A.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2004. / Bibliography: leaves 103-107.

Thesis, Toulouse, 1914. / Bibliography: p.[227]-232.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Canterbury, 2006. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 321-327). Also available via the World Wide Web.

The critical tradition in International Relations Theory has placed great emphasis on the metaphysical nature of sovereignty, the concept assumed to be pivotal to the modern states system. The present study offers an explanation for the metaphysics that characterizes the prevailing notion of sovereignty via insights provided by Bataille. The study focuses on the ontological implications to which Bataille&rsquo / s formulation of sovereignty gives rise. Underlying this endeavor is to probe into the ways in which these implications enrich our understanding of sovereignty. One of the most important achievements of Bataille&rsquo / s approach to sovereignty is that it does not treat sovereignty as merely an administrative and legal issue. This achievement is highly critical in the sense that it enables us to realize the metaphysical dimension of sovereignty. This metaphysics has an important potential to render the problematic points in sovereignty visible. Through the analysis of these points, this study elaborates on the historical development of political authority and state sovereignty. Taking the anthropological data provided by Bataille into account the study claims that with the emergence of modernity, there came into existence a new metaphysical representation of sovereignty.

Thesis (M.A. (Political & International Studies)) - Rhodes University, 2009. / A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Politics at Department of Political and International Studies.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-02-25Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:46:53Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 correia_ra_dr_mar.pdf: 506395 bytes, checksum: 6021a41856c17935743c74c8455a5978 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Se tomarmos como referência uma visão de política como um processo de construção de consensos pelo diálogo, o estágio atual do Mercosul mostra que não há amadurecimento do processo decisório nem a criação de um novo espaço público regional. Assim, a comunicação limitada - aqui entendida como baixo nível de representatividade -, leva a resultados limitados no aprofundamento da democracia na região. Isso afeta tanto a própria estrutura decisória do bloco, quanto a possibilidade da criação de uma sociedade ―regional‖ mais avançada em seus valores de respeito à liberdade e dignidade humana, seja por parte dos cidadãos ou por parte dos Estados. Diante disso, supomos que existe um descolamento entre exercício democrático e o processo decisório no Mercosul, que merece ser mais detidamente explorado. / If we take as reference a view of politics as a process of consensus building through dialogue, the current stage of Mercosur shows that there is no maturation of decision-making process nor the creation of a new regional public space. Thus, the limited communication - understood here as a low level representation - leads to limited results in democracy development in the region. This situation affects both their own decision-making structure of the block, and the possible creation of a regional society more advanced in their values of respect for human dignity and freedom, either by individuals or by states. Therefore, we assume that there is a detachment between democratic exercise and decision-making process in Mercosur, which deserves to be explored more closely.

Orientador: Bernardo Mançano Fernandes / Resumo: A gravidade do problema alimentar no mundo mantém em constante alerta movimentos camponeses, movimentos em defesa da alimentação saudável, instituições multilaterais e governos. Sua raiz está no desenvolvimento capitalista que, através do agronegócio, determina as políticas agrícolas para o monocultivo e exportação, transformando alimentos em commodities e a agricultura em negócio. Este modelo do capitalismo agrário desterritorializa o campesinato que é quem produz para a soberania alimentar. Isto tem gerado fome, miséria, migração, degradação do meio ambiente, perda da cultura e da história dos povos e o desaparecimento de muitas culturas alimentares e da própria vida camponesa. Diante de tal gravidade, a soberania alimentar aparece em escala global como construção contra hegemônica proposta pelos movimentos camponeses e outras organizações sociais, especialmente a Via Campesina, contra as políticas impostas pelo agronegócio. A soberania alimentar é fundamental para assegurar a produção de alimentos, por meio da agroecologia, para alimentar o mundo. Este trabalho procurou aprofundar o processo de construção da soberania alimentar desde os movimentos sociais e desde as instituições de governo na construção de políticas públicas no Brasil e Bolívia. Esta é nossa contribuição nesta construção contra hegemônica a partir das lutas das camponesas e dos camponeses. / Abstract: The seriousness of the world's food problem keeps peasant movements, advocacy movements, multilateral institutions and governments in constant alert. Its root lies in the capitalist development that, through agribusiness, determines agricultural policies for monoculture and export, turning food into commodities and agriculture into business. This model of agrarian capitalism deterritorializes the peasantry that produces food sovereignty. This has led to famine, poverty, migration, degradation of the environment, loss of the culture and history of peoples and the disappearance of many food cultures and peasant life itself. Faced with such seriousness, food sovereignty appears on a global scale as a counter-hegemonic construction proposed by peasant movements and other social organizations, especially Via Campesina, against the policies imposed by agribusiness. Food sovereignty is fundamental to ensuring food production, through agroecology, to feed the world. This work sought to deepen the process of building food sovereignty from the social movements and from the institutions of government in the construction of public policies in Brazil and Bolivia. This is our contribution in this counter-hegemonic construction from the peasant struggles. / Resumen: La gravedad del problema alimentario en el mundo mantiene en alerta constante movimientos campesinos. Movimientos en defensa de la alimentación saludable, instituciones multilaterales y gobiernos. Sus raíces están en el desarrollo capitalista que, atravez del agronegocio determina las políticas agrícolas hacia los monocultivos y la exportación, transformando los alimentos en commodities y agricultura en negocios. Este modelo de capitalismo agrario desterritorializa al campesinado quien es el que produce para la Soberanía Alimentaria. Todo esto ha generado hambre, miseria, migración, degradación del medio ambiente, pérdida de la cultura y de la historia de los pueblos y la desaparición de muchas culturas alimentarias y de la propia vida campesina. Ante tal gravedad, la soberanía alimentaria aparece en escala global como una construcción contra hegemónica propuesta por los movimientos campesinos y otras organizaciones sociales, especialmente Vía Campesina, contra las políticas impuestas por el agronegocio. La soberanía alimentaria es fundamental para asegurar la producción de alimentos, por medio la agroecología, para alimentar el mundo. Este trabajo intento profundizar el proceso de construcción de la soberanía alimentaria desde los movimientos sociales y desde las instituciones gubernamentales en el desarrollo de políticas públicas, especialmente en Brasil y Bolivia. Esta es nuestra contribución en la construcción contra hegemónica a partir de las luchas de las campesinas y d... (Resumen completo clicar acceso eletrônico abajo) / Mestre

This thesis traces the Indian state's engagement with aviation during the period of its transformation from British colony to Indian republic. It argues that the aeroplane played a critical role in securing and legitimating the Indian state during the first years of its independence. Further, the use of aircraftis revealing of the ways in which the new state conceptualised and projected its sovereignty. The thesis is divided into five chapters organised in broadly chronological order each of which is centred on one of five major themes; expansion, partition, escalation, integration and nationalisation. The first of these studies the complex consequences of the expansion of Indian aviation during the Second World War which transformed India's anaemic aviation sector into one of Asia's leading aviation powerhouses portending the passing of colonial rule. Chapter two traces the effects of partition in 1947 on aviation as well as the critical role played by aircraft in refugee evacuation and the restoration of order. The third chapter investigates the ways in which civil and military aviation helped initiate, sustain and then escalate war between India and Pakistan over Kashmir later that year. The fourth chapter highlights the ways in which India's semi-autonomous princely states invested in aviation in the hopes of legitimising their states through an appeal to modernity with differing results in the decade before their integration into independent India. The fifth and final chapter focuses on the emergence of the Republic of India in 1950, a fully sovereign state with a coherent national ideology capable of exerting its will on recalcitrant neighbours and confident enough in its socialist vision to nationalise its airline companies. Indian aviation this thesis will conclude was critical in shaping the outcomes of decolonisation and was in turn moulded in important ways by the Indian state.

Cette thèse est consacrée à l’analyse des différentes manières d’exercer une «emprise», une «souveraineté» et une «juridiction» sur les mers à l’époque moderne. Centrée sur la Méditerranée d’un long XVIIe siècle, elle commence par présenter les différents terrains et les multiples soubassements théoriques d’une controverse à la fois juridique, politique et diplomatique. Du Golfe de Venise aux mers du Levant, de la mer Tyrrhénienne à la mer Égée, il s’agit de réfléchir aux frontières et aux limites maritimes au prisme de notions très débattues, telles que «propriété», «occupation» et «possession». On utilise pour cela une variété de documents, qui vont des textes théoriques aux libelles manuscrits, des traités de paix aux productions cartographiques, des Capitulations avec la Porte ottomane aux gravures et aux dépêches diplomatiques. Une seconde partie concerne la juridiction fiscale, à travers l’histoire du port toscan de Livourne : l’enjeu est ici de montrer que la franchise portuaire dessine l’espace d’une juridiction et d’une souveraineté en Méditerranée. Escale ouverte aux marchands et aux marins étrangers, port neutre, Livourne offre un exemple paradigmatique de « port franc », tour à tour imité, concurrencé et jalousé en Méditerranée. Le présent travail cherche à décliner tout l’éventail de cette « franchise », depuis les exemptions douanières et les immunités personnelles jusqu’aux conditions socio-juridiques d’accueil des étrangers. Par l’étude détaillée des litiges maritimes et des suppliques, il propose enfin d’analyser le « port franc » comme un catalyseur du contentieux, propice à l’observation d’expérimentations juridiques et procédurales. / This PhD thesis analyses the many ways of exercising «control», «sovereignty» and a «jurisdiction» on the seas in the Early modern period. Focusing on the Mediterranean sea during a long XVIIth century, it first introduces the different fields and the numerous theoretical bases of an altogether legal, political and diplomatic controversy. From the Gulf of Venice to the Levant seas, from the Tyrrhenian to the Aegean Sea, it examines borders and maritime boundaries in the light of much-debated notions, such as « property », «occupation» and «possession». To this purpose, a variety of documents is used, from theoretical texts to handwritten pamphlets, from peace treatises to cartographic productions, and from Capitulations with the Ottoman Empire to engravings and diplomatic dispatches. A second part deals with tax jurisdiction, using as a case study the history of the Tuscan port city of Livorno : what is at stake here is how the system of tax exemptions in a harbour delineates a space of jurisdiction and sovereignty in the Mediterranean. Livorno, a port of call welcoming merchants and foreign sailors and a neutral harbour, is an emblematic example of « free port », alternately imitated, challenged and envied in the Mediterranean. The present research scrutinizes a whole range of tax exemptions, from customs release to individual immunity and up to the socio-legal conditions of welcome for foreigners. Through a detailed study of maritime litigations and of petitions, the free port is defined, as a conclusion, as a catalyst for maritime litigations, suited for an accurate observation of legal and procedural experiments.