Since 2000, Russian players are increasingly absent from the National Hockey League. This project explores the relationship between changes in the political economy of Russian hockey and the factors that shape the migratory decisions of Russian players. In using Wallerstein's World Systems Theory, it is argued that specific events relating to a nation's place within an economic and/or cultural relationship can significantly alter patterns of migration. Russia's newfound economic strength and confidence on the world stage is evident in the support for the country's new Kontinental Hockey League. The resulting changes in the political economy of Russian hockey, coupled with the restrictive nature of the National Hockey League's salary cap have led to a tremendous decrease in the number of Russian players in the NHL.

<p> This study focused on the experiences of Black male student-athletes in Division I sports and used critical race methodology to present counter narratives. These narratives highlighted successes and heightened awareness about the needs and concerns of an extremely important, but often silenced, population. The purpose of this research was to examine the experiences of Black male student-athletes in the Division I revenue-generating sports of basketball and football. This study examined how Black males perceived the effectiveness of the NCAA supports in place for their academic success, degree attainment, and postcollegiate leadership and career opportunities. This dissertation also sought to understand the extent to which the legacy of racism in the United States has impacted the collegiate experience of these athletes. This research utilized critical race theory to frame the counter narratives of Black male student-athletes participating in this study. Through counter stories, the researcher offered suggestions that more effectively serve NCAA Black male student-athletes during their transition into and beyond Division I university sports participation as a strategy to achieve social justice for a historically marginalized group.</p><p>

M.Comm. / Physical education and school sport are for the majority of students the only opportunity to be involved in physical activity and sport. In the new educational system, where physical education is being phased out due to the new teacherpupil ratios, school sport has to take over the role of physical education. The focus has shifted to school sport to fulfill the educational role, in terms of sport previously done by physical education. A case study was done at a school where the management of educationally justified school sport and physical activities was analyzed. The problem of what the management of the educationally justified school sport and physical activity would entail is seen as the central point of this study. To solve this main problem three sub-problems should be addressed, namely: • what educationally justified school sport and physical activities entail? • what the management of school sport and physical activities entail? • how the management of educationally justified school sport and physical activities manifested in a school? As a result of the problem statement, the all-encompassing aim of this study is to develop criteria for the management of educationally justified school sport and physical activities. In order to achieve this all-encompassing aim, it was necessary to: • describe the role of educationally justified school sport and physical activities~ • analyze and describe the management of school sport and physical activities; and • analyze the management of educationally justified school sport and physical activities in a school. To find possible solutions to the stated main- and sub-problems, the development of children and the role the school has to play in that development was described in the literature study. Management and all the different management functions were also described in the literature study. A case study was undertaken to analyze and describe the management of educationally justified sport and physical activities in a school. A questionnaire was compiled and handed out to the teachers involved in school sport and physical activities to complete. A structured interview was also compiled and iv the two members of the top management involved with sport and physical activities were interviewed. The following conclusions were drawn from the literature survey research: • school sport and physical activities will be educationally justified if children are led to achieving an all round development through their participation in school sport and physical activities. • it is essential that teachers realise that sport and physical activities are an extension of the classroom and it can be used as a tool in the development of children to total adulthood. • for management to be successful it needs to adhere to the following functional areas. This includes: • the marketing function; • the external relations function; • the financial function; • the human resources function; • facility and event management; • risk management. The following conclusions were drawn from the case study: • educationally justified sport and physical activities are not managed according to drawn up criteria. • some functional areas are managed properly while others don't get any attention. • a good starting point will be to set a vision and mission for school sport and physical activities. • more people could be involved in strategic management for school sport and physical activities.

The transition from professional sport marks the beginning of what has been found to be a difficult and stressful experience (Park, Lavallee, & Todd, 2013). Exiting a career serves as a major life change that requires one to adjust to numerous changes (Erpic, Wylleman, & Zupancic, 2004). Research has highlighted a number of personal and contextual factors that affect the quality of the transition experience (Knights, Sherry, & Ruddock-Hudson, 2016; Park et al., 2013); however, no studies to date have examined players who are in the midst of the transition. This qualitative, phenomenological study was undertaken to address the research question: What is the lived experience of NFL free-agent players as they transition from an active NFL player to a retired NFL player? In-depth interviews completed with 12 NFL free-agent players found a three-phase process of transitioning, consisting of the initial reaction, “no-man’s land,” and the final realization. Six themes emerged that described the players’ experience: (1) participants identified a trigger event prior to deselection; (2) being deselected was sudden, leaving participants shocked, isolated, and angry; (3) the subsequent period was dynamic, emotionally, cognitively, and behaviorally; (4) players reached a point of realization about their future; (5) the loss of the NFL community was a significant challenge; and (6) four protective factors helped participants. The study offers recommendations related to theory, practice, and future research.

No description available.

Abstract available through the North American Society for Sport Management Conference (NASSM 2018).

No description available.

No description available.

Millennials are known for being a unique generation that places a high value on improving their community. They are also unlike any other generation because they are harder to market to since they are more aware of common marketing strategies used by companies today. Millennials want to improve the community and expect others to do the same. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a popular topic and has gained momentum in research over the years; understanding the relationship between CSR and millennials is important due to the generational shifts. Therefore, this study examines the importance of CSR to different generations and how companies can use that information to gain millennials as loyal consumers. This study examines the following constructs to evaluate CSR from a generational perspective: awareness, satisfaction, and loyalty. Although it is believed that millennials value CSR more than other generations, all generations appear to be aware, satisfied, and loyal.

Sport coaches are perceived as problem solvers who engage in creativity to handle the spontaneity of competitive activity and generate winning results. However, while creativity in athletes has been researched, little has been investigated regarding coaches. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine different aspects of creativity – person, process, press, and product – among collegiate team sport coaches in the United States. Specifically, how personality traits, ideational fluency, remote association ability, years of coaching experience, and work climate related to creative product impact and frequency. A modified creativity personality test was found to be positively related to both the impact and frequency of creative products. Further, self-confidence and years of coaching experience were positively related to creative product impact, while inventiveness was positively related to creative product frequency. Analyzing the creative potential factors related to creative productivity may be useful in enhancing creativity for collegiate coaches and improving outcomes.